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夸克胶子等离子体的手征与自旋物理

科学通报 2024年第15期69卷 1989-2007页

作者：王帅黄旭光复旦大学物理学系上海200438 复旦大学粒子物理与场论中心上海200438 复旦大学核物理与离子束应用教育部重点实验室上海200433 复旦大学上海理论核物理中心上海200438

相对论重离子碰撞可以产生极端高温的夸克胶子等离子体(quark gluon plasma,QGP),同时也可以产生极强的电磁场和流体涡旋场.这些场直接影响QGP中微观粒子的自旋和轨道运动,诱导出新奇的宏观量子现象,比如手征磁效应、手征涡效应、手征... 详细信息

相对论重离子碰撞可以产生极端高温的夸克胶子等离子体(quark gluon plasma,QGP),同时也可以产生极强的电磁场和流体涡旋场.这些场直接影响QGP中微观粒子的自旋和轨道运动,诱导出新奇的宏观量子现象,比如手征磁效应、手征涡效应、手征分离效应、手征电分离效应等手征反常输运现象,以及超子自旋极化、矢量介子自旋排列等现象,并有可能对量子色动力学(quantum chromodynamics,QCD)相结构产生重要影响.这些现象一方面提供了在重离子碰撞中探测QCD的非平庸规范场拓扑结构、强相互作用的电荷-宇称(charge-parity,CP)破坏、夸克胶子物质中的自旋动力学等的实验手段,另一方面也与粒子物理、凝聚态物理、天体物理等发生紧密联系,形成活跃的交叉研究领域.本文对上述宏观量子现象的产生机制以及它们在重离子碰撞中的实验信号等进行了回顾和展望,重点介绍了如下内容:(1)重离子碰撞中强电磁场和流体涡旋场的产生;(2)手征反常输运现象的理论基础和实验信号;(3)手征磁效应和涡效应引起的等离子体不稳定性;(4)QGP中的自旋极化现象.

关键词：夸克胶子等离子体相对论重离子碰撞手征反常输运自旋极化现象

Novel aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth battery based on highly porous Bi_(2)WO6 and Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)MoO_(4) microspheres

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Rare Metals 2023年第3期42卷 902-915页

作者： Wei-Wei Kang Ya-Nan Zhao Wen-Qing Zhang Ying Sun xue-Qin Zhang Gui-Yun Yi guang-xu huang Bao-Lin Xing Chuan-Xiang Zhang Bao-Ping Lin College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

Developing high performances aqueous rechargeable batteries is imperative and valuable.Herein,a novel aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth battery is developed based on highly porous Bi_(2)WO_(6) and Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)MoO_(4) microspheres as electrode active materials.Porous Bi_(2)WO6 microspheres assembled from nanosheets as anode active materials can afford a specific capacity of179.2 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1),rate capability of 74.7%in 1-20 A·g^(-1),and capacity retention of 57.2%for 1500 cycles at 15 A·g^(-1).Owing to the highly porous microsphere with’ribbon’-like and intertwined nanolayers morphology,the screened Co0.5Ni0.5MoO4 cathode active materials present an outstanding specific surface area of 293 m^(2)·g^(-1)and excellent electrochemical performance(such as superior specific capacity of 113.2 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1),high rate performance of 51.8%in 1-15 A·g^(-1),and good capacity retention of 48.5%for 4600 cycles at15 A·g^(-1)).The corresponding aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth battery delivers the maximum energy density and power density of 35.8 Wh·kg^(-1) and3238.5 W·kg^(-1),respectively.The present research would offer a worthwhile guidance for the effective construction of electrode active materials for aqueous rechargeable nickel//bismuth batteries.

关键词： Aqueous rechargeable batteries(ARBs) Porous Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)MoO_(4) Bi_(2)WO microspheres Energy storageandconversion

Spin polarization formula for Dirac fermions at local equilibrium

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第7期65卷 121-128页

作者： Yu-Chen Liu xu-guang huang Physics Department and Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

We derive a Cooper-Frye type spin polarization formula for Dirac fermions at local thermal equilibrium described by a grand canonical ensemble specified by temperature, fluid velocity, chemical potential, and spin potential. We discuss the physical meaning of different contributions to spin polarization and compare them with previous work. The present formula provides machinery to convert the spin potential computed in, e.g., relativistic spin hydrodynamics to the spin polarization observable in,e.g., heavy-ion collisions.

关键词： spin polarization local equilibrium spin kinetic theory

Effect of Acupuncture on Endometrial Blood Flow in Women Undergoing in vitro Fertilization Embryo Transfer: A Single Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 10-17页

作者： DONG Hao-xu Wu Xiao ZHOU Qin huang Dong-mei ZHANG Ming-min huang guang-ying YANG Wei Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan(430030)China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecoiogy Tongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan(430030)China Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan(430030)China Department of Reproductive Medicine Tongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan(430030)China

Objective: To evaluate the effect of manual acupuncture on endometrial blood flow parameters by three-dimensional(3D) power Doppler ultrasound in women undergoing in vitro fertilization embryo transfer(IVF-ET). Methods: Seventy patients undergoing IVF-ET were equally randomized into traditional or sham acupuncture treatment group for totally 4 days(from the day of oocyte aspiration to the day of embryo transfer) of treatment by random envelope method at the Reproductive Medicine Center and Outpatient Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2013 to December 2015. Patients in the traditional acupuncture group accepted traditional acupuncture methods with manual acupuncture, and Zhongji(CV3), Qihai(CV 6), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Taichong(LR 3), Tianshu(ST 25), Guilai(ST 29) and Zusanli(ST 36) were chosen. Patients at the sham acupuncture group accepted shallow acupuncture methods at 4 non-meridian points at each shoulder and upper arm. Outcome measures included endometrial ultrasonic indices such as vascularization index(VI), flow index(FI) and vascularization flow index(VFI), endometrial thickness and volume, subendometrial VI(sVI), subendometrial FI(sFI), subendometrial VFI(sVFI), implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, live birth rate and number of live births. Results: Finally, 34 patients in the traditional acupuncture group and 35 in the sham acupuncture group completed this trial. VI, FI and VFI of the traditional acupuncture group were significantly higher than those in the sham acupuncture group(P0.05). Conclusions: Manual acupuncture performed after oocyte aspiration and before transplantation improved the endometrial blood flow parametersVI, RI and VFI in women

关键词： acupuncture endometrial blood flow endometrial receptivity in vitro fertilization randomized controlled trial

Novel quantum phenomena induced by strong magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第2期28卷 70-98页

作者： Koichi Hattori xu-guang huang Physics Department and Center for Particle Physics and Field Theory Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China RIKEN-BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973-5000 USA Department of Physics Brookhaven National LaboratoryUpton NY 11973-5000 USA

The relativistic heavy-ion collisions create both hot quark–gluon matter and strong magnetic fields, and provide an arena to study the interplay between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics. In recent years, it has been shown that such an interplay can generate a number of interesting quantum phenomena in hadronic and quark–gluon matter. In this short review, we first discuss some properties of the magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and then give an overview of the magnetic fieldinduced novel quantum effects. In particular, we focus on the magnetic effect on the heavy flavor mesons, the heavyquark transports, and the phenomena closely related to chiral anomaly.

关键词： Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Strong magnetic fields Anomalous transports Quarkonium Heavy quark diffusion dynamics

Gluing Affine Vortices

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 250-312页

作者： guang Bo xu Department of Mathematics Rutgers UniversityHill Center-Busch Campus 110 Frelinghuysen RoadPiscatawayNJ 08854-8019USA

We provide an analytical construction of the gluing map for stable affine vortices over the upper half plane with the Lagrangian boundary condition.This result is a necessary ingredient in studies of the relation betw... 详细信息

关键词： Affine vortices gauged linear sigma model adiabatic limit symplectic reduction

Anomalous chiral transports and spin polarization in heavy-ion collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第6期31卷 30-51页

作者： Yu-Chen Liu xu-guang huang Physics Department and Center for Particle Physics and Field Theory Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions create hot quark–gluon plasma as well as very strong electromagnetic(EM)and fluid vortical fields.The strong EM field and vorticity can induce intriguing macroscopic quantum phenomena such as chiral magnetic,chiral separation,chiral electric separation,and chiral vortical effects as well as the spin polarization of hadrons.These phenomena provide us with experimentally feasible means to study the nontrivial topological sector of quantum chromodynamics,the possible parity violation of strong interaction at high temperature,and the subatomic spintronics of quark–gluon plasma.These studies,both in theory and in experiments,are strongly connected with other subfields of physics such as condensed matter physics,astrophysics,and cold atomic physics,and thus form an emerging interdisciplinary research area.We give an introduction to the aforementioned phenomena induced by the EM field and vorticity and an overview of the current status of experimental research in heavy-ion collisions.We also briefly discuss spin hydrodynamics as well as chiral and spin kinetic theories.

关键词： Heavy-ion collision Chiral magnetic effect Spin polarization Quark–gluon plasma

Intermittent melena and refractory anemia due to jejunal cavernous lymphangioma:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1208-1214页

作者： Kai-Rui Liu Sheng Zhang Wei-Run Chen You-Xing huang xu-guang Li Department of Abdominal Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of guangdong Province and The Ministry of Education of China Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Lymphangiomas in the gastrointestinal tract are extremely rare in adults.As a benign lesion,small intestine lymphangiomas often remain asymptomatic and pose challenges for definitive diagnosis.However,lymphangiomas can give rise to complications such as abdominal pain,bleeding,volvulus,and intussusception.Here,we report a case of jejunal cavernous lymphangioma that presented with intermittent melena and refractory anemia in a male adult.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man presented with intermittent melena,fatigue and refractory anemia nine months prior.Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were performed many times and revealed no apparent bleeding.Conservative management,including transfusion,hemostasis,gastric acid secretion inhibition and symptomatic treatment,was performed,but the lesions tended to recur shortly after surgery.Ultimately,the patient underwent capsule endoscopy,which revealed a more than 10 cm lesion accompanied by active bleeding.After singleballoon enteroscopy and biopsy,a diagnosis of jejunal cavernous lymphangioma was confirmed,and the patient underwent surgical resection.No complications or recurrences were observed postoperatively.CONCLUSION Jejunal cavernous lymphangioma should be considered a cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.Capsule endoscopy and single-balloon enteroscopy can facilitate diagnosis.Surgical resection is an effective management method.

关键词： Intermittent melena Refractory anemia Capsule endoscopy Single-balloon enteroscopy Jejunal cavernous lymphangioma Enterectomy Case report

Determination of the impact parameter in high-energy heavy-ion collisions via deep learning

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第7期46卷 180-188页

作者：相培赵渊晟黄旭光 Department of Physics and Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

In this study,Au+Au collisions with an impact parameter of 0≤b≤12.5 fm at√(s_(NN))=200 GeV are simulated using the AMPT model to provide preliminary final-state information.After transforming this information into appropriate input data(the energy spectra of final-state charged hadrons),we construct a multi-layer perceptron(MLP)and convolutional neural network(CNN)to connect final-state observables with the impact parameters.The results show that both the MLP and CNN can reconstruct the impact parameters with a mean absolute error approximately 0.4 fm,although the CNN behaves slightly better.Subsequently,we test the neural networks at different beam energies and pseudorapidity ranges in this task.These two models work well at both low and high energies.However,when conducting a test for a larger pseudorapidity window,the CNN exhibits a higher prediction accuracy than the MLP.Using the Grad-CAM method,we shed light on the'attention'mechanism of the CNN model.

关键词： heavy ion collisions impact parameter deep learning