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genomic insights into adaptation to bipedal saltation and desert-like habitats of jerboas

Science China Life Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2003-2015页

作者： Simin Chai Yujie Chong Daiqing Yin Qiang Qiu Shixia Xu guang Yang Southern Marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory (guangzhou) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology School of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical University

Jerboas is a lineage of small rodents displaying atypical mouse-like morphology with elongated strong hindlimbs and short forelimbs. They have evolved obligate bipedal saltation and acute senses, and been well-adapted to vast desert-like habitats. Using a newly sequenced chromosome-scale genome of the Mongolian five-toed jerboa(Orientallactaga sibirica), our comparative genomic analyses and in vitro functional assays showed that the genetic innovations in both protein-coding and non-coding regions played an important role in jerboa morphological and physiological adaptation. Jerboa-specific amino acid substitutions, and segment insertions/deletions(indels) in conserved non-coding elements(CNEs) were found in components of proteoglycan biosynthesis pathway(XYLT1 and CHSY1), which plays an important role in limb development. Meanwhile, we found specific evolutionary changes functionally associated with energy or water metabolism(e.g., specific amino acid substitutions in ND5 and indels in CNEs physically near ROR2) and senses(e.g., expansion of vomeronasal receptors and the FAM136A gene family) in jerboas. Further dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that some of the CNEs with jerboa-specific segment indels exerted a significantly different influence on luciferase activity, suggesting changes in their regulatory function in jerboas. Our results revealed the potential molecular mechanisms underlying jerboa adaptation since the divergence from the Eocene-Oligocene transition, and provided more resources and new insights to enhance our understanding of the molecular basis underlying the phenotypic diversity and the environmental adaptation of mammals.

关键词： jerboa adaptive evolution comparative genomics conserved non-coding elements bipedal saltation

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What is the Role of gravity,Turbulence and Magnetic Fields in High-mass Star Formation Clouds?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 21-27页

作者： An-Xu Luo Hong-Li Liu guang-Xing Li Sirong pan Dong-Ting Yang School of physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data *** sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 *** observeσ∝L^(0.26)andρ∝L^(-1.54)scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass(α_(vir)-M)distribution is seen across all density scales,withα_(vir)values centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple *** turbulent energy spectrum(E(k))analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E(k)∝k^(-1.52).These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.

关键词： ISM:clouds stars:formation stars:kinematics and dynamics

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porous Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene nanosheets sandwiched between polyimide fiber mats for electromagnetic interference shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2070-2078页

作者： Wenhao Liang Juntao Wu Shan Zhang pei-Yan Zhao Yi Cong Yongqiang guo guang-Sheng Wang Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology and electronic devices,the issue of electromagnetic interference(EMI)is becoming increasingly *** a new and flexible electromagnetic interference shielding material has become a challenging ***,a sandwich-structured EMI shielding composite film was prepared using electrospinning and vacuum filtration *** this process,a porous MXene was synthesized through a reaction with cobalt acetate and served as the intermediate layer in the composite film to shield electromagnetic *** electrospun polyimide(pI)fibers were used as the top and bottom layers of the composite film,which can protect the porous MXene from *** lightweight and flexible composite film integrates electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal insulation capabilities,showing excellent comprehensive *** composite film achieves an EMI shielding effectiveness of 48.8 dB in X-band(8.2–12.4 gHz),and absolute shielding effectiveness of the composite film reached a satisfying 4142.43(dB·cm^(2))/*** to the design of a multi-layer porous structure,the density of the composite film is 0.65 g/***,the thermal conductivity of the film is 0.042 W/(m·K)due to the clamp.ng of electrospun pI fibers,showing excellent thermal insulation ***,the composite film exhibits excellent high and low-temperature *** summary,this work provides a feasible strategy for preparing a lightweight polymer-based EMI shielding film.

关键词： porous MXene polyimide electromagnetic interference shielding thermal insulation

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A potential Degree Sequence problem of the Loebl-Komlós-Sós Conjecture

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年

作者： guang-ming LI Jian-hua YIN School of Mathematics and Statistics Hainan University

A non-increasing sequenceπ=(d1,..., dn) of nonnegative integers is said to be a graphic sequence if it is realizable by a simple graph g on n vertices. In this case, g is referred to as a realization ofπ. In terms of graphic sequences, the Loebl-Komlós-Sós conjecture states that for any integers k and n, if π=(d1,..., dn)is a graphic sequence with d「n/2」≥k, then every realization ofπcontains all trees with k edges as *** problem can be viewed as a forcible degree sequence problem. In this paper, we consider a potential degree sequence problem of the Loebl-Komlós-Sós conjecture, that is, we prove that for any integers k and n, ifπ=(d1,..., dn) is a graphic sequence with d「n/2」≥k, then there is a realization ofπcontaining all trees with k edges as subgraphs.

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A Deepfake Detection Algorithm Based on Fourier Transform of Biological Signal

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 5295-5312页

作者： Yin Ni Wu Zeng p.ng Xia guang Stanley Yang Ruochen Tan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan430023China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan430048China paul g.Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering University ofWashingtonSeattleWA98195USA School of Computer Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaSanDiegoCA92093USA

Deepfake-generated fake faces,commonly utilized in identity-related activities such as political propaganda,celebrity impersonations,evidence forgery,and familiar fraud,pose new societal *** current deepfake generators strive for high realism in visual effects,they do not replicate biometric signals indicative of cardiac *** this gap,many researchers have developed detection methods focusing on biometric *** methods utilize classification networks to analyze both temporal and spectral domain features of the remote photoplethysmography(rppg)signal,resulting in high detection ***,in the spectral analysis,existing approaches often only consider the power spectral density and neglect the amplitude spectrum—both crucial for assessing cardiac *** introduce a novel method that extracts rppg signals from multiple regions of interest through remote photoplethysmography and processes them using Fast Fourier Transform(FFT).The resultant time-frequency domain signal samples are organized into matrices to create Matrix Visualization Heatmaps(MVHM),which are then utilized to train an image classification ***,we explored various combinations of time-frequency domain representations of rppg signals and the impact of attention *** experimental results show that our algorithm achieves a remarkable detection accuracy of 99.22%in identifying fake videos,significantly outperforming mainstream algorithms and demonstrating the effectiveness of Fourier Transform and attention mechanisms in detecting fake faces.

关键词： Deepfake detector remote photoplethysmography fast fourier transform spatial attention mechanism

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Acetylene/argon mixture plasma to build ultrathin carbon bridge of CF_(x)/C/MnO_(2) for high-rate lithium primary battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2574-2584页

作者： Da-Wei Zou Xing-guang Fu gao-Bang Chen Yi-Fan Liu Bao-Shan Wu Xian Jian School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 31300lChina

Forming an ultrathin conducting layer on a fluorinated carbon(CFx)surface for reducing severe electrochemical polarization in lithium/fluorinated carbon primary batteries(Li/CF_(x))remains a considerable challenge for achieving batteries with excellent rate ***,CFxwas modified by using acetylene/argon mixture plasma combined with MnO_(2)*** CF_(x)/C/MnO_(2)composite effectively reduced the voltage hysteresis and improved the electrochemical performance of Li/CF_(x).The excellent rate performance of CF_(x)/C/MnO_(2)was due to the high electrochemical activity provided by the atomicscale conductive carbon layer and ultrafine MnO_(2)*** with pristine CF_(x),the charge transfer resistance of the optimized CF_(x)/C/MnO_(2)decreased from 218.5 to 48.2Ω,the discharge rate increased from 2C to 10C,and the power density increased from 3.11 to 13.44 kW·g^(-1),The intrinsic reason for the enhanced rate performance was attributed to the fact that the ultrathin carbon layer acted as a conductive bridge to reduce the voltage hysteresis at the initial stage of the Li/CF_(x)discharge,and the high electrochemical activity of the ultrafine MnO_(2)particles provided a faster lithium-ion diffusion rate.

关键词： C_(2)H_(2)/Ar plasma Fluorinated carbon Lithium primary battery MnO_(2)

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Two missense STK11 gene variations impaired LKB1/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling in peutz-Jeghers syndrome

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1532-1546页

作者： Jin Liu Si-Cong Zeng An Wang Hai-Ying Cheng Qian-Jun Zhang guang-Xiu Lu Hunan guangxiu Hospital Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina Scientific Research Department Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of Citic-XiangyaChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKgROUND peutz-Jeghers syndrome(pJS)is a rare hereditary neoplastic disorder mainly associated with serine/threonine kinase 11(STK11/LKB1)gene *** genetic testing can protect a patient’s offspring from mutated genes;however,some variations in this gene have been interpreted as variants of uncertain significance(VUS),which complicate reproductive decision-making in genetic *** To identify the pathogenicity of two missense variants and provide clinical *** Whole exome gene sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on the peripheral blood of patients with pJS treated at the Reproductive and genetic Hospital of *** was employed to predict the protein structure,conservation,and pathogenicity of the two missense variation sites in patients with ***,plasmids were constructed and transfected into HeLa cells to observe cell *** differences in signal pathway expression between the variant group and the wild-type group were compared using western blot and *** analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance.pgene VUS[c.889A>g(***297gly)and c.733C>T(***245phe)]in 9 unrelated pJS families who were seeking reproductive *** two missense VUS were located in the catalytic domain of serine/threonine kinase,which is a key structure of the liver kinase B1(LKB1)*** vitro experiments showed that the phosphorylation levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMpK)at Thr172 and LKB1 at Ser428 were significantly higher in transfected variation-type cells than in wild-type *** addition,the two missense STK11 variants promoted the proliferation of HeLa *** immunohistochemical analysis showed that phosphorylated-AMpK(Thr172)expression was significantly lower in gastric,colonic,and uterine polyps from pJS patients with misse

关键词： Missense STK11 peutz-Jeghers syndrome Rare disease genetic counseling Assisted reproductive technique

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Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of endoscopic band ligation in the treatment of bleeding from mild to moderate gastric varices type 1

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 440-449页

作者： Yue Deng Ya Jiang Tong Jiang Ling Chen Hai-Jun Mou Bi-guang Tuo guo-Qing Shi Department of gastroenterology Digestive Disease HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of gastroenterology Guizhou Hospital of the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of gastroenterology Yinjiang Autonomous County People’s HospitalTongren 554300Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKgROUND According to practice guidelines,endoscopic band ligation(EBL)and endoscopic tissue adhesive injection(TAI)are recommended for treating bleeding from esophagogastric ***,EBL and TAI are known to cause serious complications,such as hemorrhage from dislodged ligature rings caused by EBL and hemorrhage from operation-related ulcers resulting from ***,the optimal therapy for mild to moderate type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage(gOV1)has not been ***,the aim of this study was to discover an individualized treatment for mild to moderate *** To compare the efficacy,safety and costs of EBL and TAI for the treatment of mild and moderate *** A clinical analysis of the data retrieved from patients with mild or moderate gOV1 gastric varices who were treated under endoscopy was also *** were allocated to an EBL group or an endoscopic TAI *** differences in the incidence of varicose relief,operative time,operation success rate,mortality rate within 6 wk,rebleeding rate,6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate,complication rate and average operation cost were compared between the two groups of *** The total effective rate of the two treatments was similar,but the efficacy of EBL(66.7%)was markedly better than that of TAI(39.2%)(pperation success rate in both groups was 100%,and the 6-wk mortality rate in both groups was 0%.The average operative time(26 min)in the EBL group was significantly shorter than that in the TAI group(46 min)(ppostoperative rebleeding in the EBL group was significantly lower than that in the TAI group(11.8%vs 45.1%)(pperation,the healing rate of operation-related ulcers in the EBL group was 80.4%,which was significantly greater than that in the TAI group(35.3%)(ppostoperative complications in the two groups was *** average cost and other related economic factors were g

关键词： gastric varices Type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage Endoscopic band ligation Tissue adhesive injection

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Novel sandwich structured glass fiber Cloth/poly(ethylene oxide)-MXene composite electrolyte

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第1期6卷 60-67页

作者： Yu-Qin Mao guang-He Dong Wei-Bin Zhu Yuan-Qing Li pei Huang Shao-Yun Fu College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China State Key Laboratory of power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

Recently,poly(ethylene oxide)(pEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes have been attracting great attention,and efforts are currently underway to develop pEO-based composite electrolytes for next generation high performance all-solid-state lithium metal *** this article,a novel sandwich structured solid-state pEO composite electrolyte is developed for high performance all-solid-state lithium metal *** pEO-based composite electrolyte is fabricated by hot-pressing pEO,LiTFSI and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene nanosheets into glass fiber cloth(gFC).The as-prepared gFC@pEO-MXene electrolyte shows high mechanical properties,good electrochemical stability,and high lithium-ion migration number,which indicates an obvious synergistic effect from the microscale gFC and the nanoscale *** as,the gFC@pEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte shows a high tensile strength of 43.43 Mpa and an impressive Young's modulus of 496 Mpa,which are increased by 1205%and 6048%over those of ***,the ionic conductivity of gFC@pEO-1 wt%MXene at 60℃ reaches 5.01×10^(-2) S m^(-1),which is increased by around 200%compared with that of gFC@pEO *** addition,the Li/Li symmetric battery based on gFC@pEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte shows an excellent cycling stability over 800 h(0.3 mA cm^(-2),0.3 mAh cm^(-2)),which is obviously longer than that based on pEO and gFC@pEO electrolytes due to the better compatibility of gFC@pEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte with Li ***,the solid-state Li/LiFepO_(4) battery with gFC@pEO-1 wt%MXene as electrolyte demonstrates a high capacity of 110.2–166.1 mAh g^(-1) in a wide temperature range of 25–60C,and an excellent capacity retention *** developed sandwich structured gFC@pEO-1 wt%MXene electrolyte with the excellent overall performance is promising for next generation high performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolyte Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene poly(ethylene oxide) glass fiber cloth All-solid-state Li metal Battery

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preparation and performance evaluation of the slickwater using novel polymeric drag reducing agent with high temperature and shear resistance ability

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petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1113-1121页

作者： Ming-Wei Zhao Zhen-Feng Ma Cai-Li Dai WeiWu Yong-Quan Sun Xu-guang Song Yun-Long Cheng Xiang-Yu Wang National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Dongying257001ShandongChina Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada East China petroleum Bureau of Sinopec Nanjing210011JiangsuChina

Slickwater fracturing fluids are widely used in the development of unconventional oil and gas resources due to the advantages of low cost,low formation damage and high drag reduction ***,their performance is severely affected at high *** reducing agent is the key to determine the drag reducing performance of *** this work,in order to further improve the temperature resistance of slickwater,a temperature-resistant polymeric drag reducing agent(pDRA)was synthesized and used as the basis for preparing the temperature-resistant *** slickwater system was prepared with the compositions of 0.2 wt%pDRA,0.05 wt%drainage aid nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate(NpEp)and 0.5 wt%anti-expansion agent polyepichlorohydrindimethylamine(pDM).The drag reduction ability,rheology properties,temperature and shear resistance ability,and core damage property of slickwater were systematically studied and *** contrast to on-site drag reducing agent(DRA)and HpAM,the temperature-resistant slickwater demonstrates enhanced drag reduction efficacy at 90℃,exhibiting superior temperature and shear resistance ***,the drag reduction retention rate for the slickwater achieved an impressive 90.52%after a 30-min shearing ***,the core damage is only 5.53%.We expect that this study can broaden the application of slickwater in high-temperature reservoirs and provide a theoretical basis for field applications.

关键词： Unconventional resources polymeric drag reducing agent Slickwater High drag reduction rate Temperature resistance

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