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Enzymatic nitrous oxide emissions from wastewater treatment

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第1期12卷 113-124页

作者： Gang Guo Yayi Wang Tianwei hao Di Wu guang-hao chen Department of Civil ＆ Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077 China Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control ＆ Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077 China Wastewater Treatment Laboratory FYT Graduate School The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou 511458 China

Nitrous oxide （N20）, a potent greenhouse gas, is emitted during nitrogen rernoval in wastewater treatment, significantly contributing to greenhouse effect. Nitrogen removal generally involves nitrification and denitrification catalyzed by specific enzymes. N20 production and consumption vary considerably in response to specific enzyme-catalyzed nitrogen imbalances, but the mechanisms are not yet completely understood. Studying the regulation of related enzymes＂ activity is essential to minimize N20 emissions during wastewater treatment. This paper aims to review the poorly understood related enzymes that most commonly involved in producing and consuming N20 in terms of their nature, structure and catalytic mechanisms. The pathways of N20 emission during wastewater treatment are briefly introduced. The key environmental factors influencing N20 emission through regulatory enzymes are summarized and the enzyme-based mechanisms are revealed. Several enzyme- based techniques for mitigating N20 emissions directly or indirectly are proposed. Finally, areas for further research on N20 release during wastewater treatment are discussed.

关键词： Nitrous oxideMitigationEnzyme catalysisNitrogen removalWastewater treatment

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Effect of Scale Formation on Copper Enrichment Behavior in Continuously Cast Slab

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第8期23卷 739-744页

作者： Nan WANG Jin XU Shan YU guang-zong ZHANG guang-hao chen Min chen School of Metallurgy Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University

Copper enrichment behavior in continuously cast slab induced by scale formation during continuous cooling was experimentally investigated,and the effects of initial slab surface temperature and oxygen potential in atmosphere were *** results showed that a loose scale adhered to the substrate was formed in H2O-N2 atmosphere at higher slab surface temperature compared to a gap formed between the scale and the steel substrate after continuous cooling in H2O-O2-N2 *** the condition of continuous cooling in H2O-N2 atmosphere,the copper enrichment occurred both within the loose scale and at the scale/steel interface with simultaneous Ni enrichment near the interface at higher slab surface *** combined effects of the loose scale and nickel enrichment were thought to promote the back-migration of Cu-rich phase from the interface and occlusion within the scale *** in H2O-O2-N2 atmosphere,the Cu enrichment was found on the steel side and the formed gap prevented the migration of Cu to the scale.

关键词： loose migration enrichment Enrichment nickel simultaneous crystalline continuously subsequent removed

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Experimental investigation of unsteady attached cavitating flow induced pressure fluctuation

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第1期34卷 31-42页

作者： Hou-sheng Zhang guang-hao chen Qin Wu Biao Huang School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China AVIC Jincheng Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft System Nanjing211106China

This paper experimentally investigates the pressure fluctuation induced by the unsteady attached cavitating flow, with special focus on the quasi-periodic cloud cavitation. A simultaneous sampling method is adopted for the synchronous measurement of the wall pressure signals and the cavitating flow images in a convergent-divergent channel. The results show that the pressure fluctuation is composed of three parts, the flow noise, the low-frequency fluctuation, and the cavity collapse induced impulse, and the pressure evolution of the quasi-periodic cloud cavitation is well consistent with the cavitation evolution. The statistical analysis of the pressure fluctuation shows that, when σ > 1.01, the probability density function (PDF) is nearly in the normal distribution, implying the randomness of the pressure fluctuation, when 0.84 1.01, when σ < 0.84, the PDF becomes narrow and asymmetric. In addition, the variance and the average value of the pressure indicate that the fluctuation intensity increases downstream along the cavity and reaches the maximum at the cavity closure and it also increases with the decrease of the cavitation number. The spectral analysis shows that the low-frequency pressure fluctuations mainly consist of two dominant components, the cavity shedding induced fluctuation and the lock-in fluctuation. The cavity shedding induced frequency decreases with the decrease of the cavitation number but the lock-in frequency is kept nearly constant. According to the spectral analysis of the cavity area fluctuation and the modal analysis of the flow system, the lock-in is possibly caused when the fluctuation frequency of the cavity volume approaches the natural frequency of the flow system.

关键词： Cavitation pressure fluctuation statistical features lock-in phenomenon

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Model and experiment-based evaluation of seawater-based urine phosphorus recovery(SUPR)process

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第11期18卷 133-144页

作者： Wen-Tao Tang Yihang Xiao Yang-Fan Deng Yunkai TAN guang-hao chen Tianwei hao Zhuhai UM Science&Technology Research Institute Zhuhai 519031China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science&TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China

Leveraging seawater toilet flushing system in Hong Kong,China,a Seawater-based Urine Phosphorus Recovery(SUPR)process that integrates ureolysis and phosphorus(P)recovery was proposed in our earlier *** this study,a thermodynamic model was applied to evaluate the effects of ureolysis and the seawater-to-urine mixing ratio(S/U ratio)on P precipitation in the SUPR *** results suggested that effective P recovery was thermodynamically feasible across a wide range of S/U ratios,with elevated pH levels resulting from ureolysis being critical for P ***,a SUPR reactor was developed to validate this *** the hydraulic retention time(HRT)exceeded 3 h and the S/U ratio was lower than 3:1,more than 98%of P could be recovered without urine storage,chemical dosage,or external *** decrease in the HRT and increase in S/U ratio caused flushing out of fine precipitates,resulting in a relatively low P recovery ***,this could be advantageous when downstream urine nitrification is implemented,as dilution of urine can alleviate the inhibitory effects of free ammonia and free nitrous acid,as well as overcome the P limitation problem,thus facilitating urine ***,there is a trade-off between optimizing P recovery and nitrification efficiencies.

关键词： Phosphorus recovery Struvite Urine nitrification Source separation Seawater toilet flushing

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Late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic volcanic-sedimentary history of the southeastern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt:Timing of uplift of the Inner Mongolia paleo-uplift

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 297-309页

作者： Wenxing hao Jin-Hui YANG guang ZHU State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China

The Kulun region is located in the eastern Bainaimiao arc belt on the southeastern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB),adjacent to the North China Craton(NCC)to the *** region records the closure of the PaleoAsian Ocean during the Paleozoic to early Mesozoic and is key to study the tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the *** conducted zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope analysis of volcanic-sedimentary and intrusive rocks in the Kulun *** volcanic-sedimentary rocks were previously assigned an early Carboniferous age,but include volcanic rocks with ages of 267–266 Ma and sedimentary rocks with youngest detrital zircon age peaks of 265–244 Ma,which were intruded by a granite with an age of 242 *** indicates that these rocks are actually middle Permian to Middle Triassic in age(267–242Ma)and correspond to the Qingfengshan and Liujiagou ***,two volcanic rock samples have highεHf(t)values(+1.6 to+16.1)and relatively young two-stage Hf model ages(1095–327 Ma),indicating their sources associated with the *** age spectra and Hf isotopic characteristics of detrital zircons from the sedimentary rocks suggest that,during the middle Permian to Middle Triassic,the sedimentary provenance in the Kulun region was mainly the ***,by the Early Jurassic,the provenance changed to the NCC(i.e.,the Inner Mongolia Paleo-uplift,IMPU).This result,combined with the development of a series of conglomerates on the northern margin of the NCC in the Late Triassic(i.e.,Xingshikou,Xiaoyingzi,and Xiaohekou formations),indicates the Kulun region experienced an abrupt change in paleogeography during the Late Triassic,with the IMPU undergoing significant uplift and thus becoming the main sediment source in the Kulun *** on the Late Triassic alkaline igneous belt(235–215 Ma)in the IMPU,we speculate that this uplift was caused by detachment of the southward-subducting Paleo-Asian oceanic plate,which occurred in a post-o

关键词： Central Asian Orogenic Belt the North China Craton Zircon geochronology Hf isotopes Inner Mongolia Paleo-uplift

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Correlation between grain size,mechanical properties and deformed microstructure of Fe-20Mn-6Al-0.6C-0.15Si low-density steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 282-292页

作者： Qi Zhang guang-hui chen Zheng-liang Xue Zheng-kun chen guang Xu State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Red Eagle Novel Refractory Materials Research Institute Zhejiang Red Eagle Group Co.Ltd.Huzhou313000ZhejiangChina

The effects of austenite grain size on the deformed microstructure and mechanical properties of an Fe-20Mn-6Al-0.6C-0.15Si(wt.%)low-density steel were *** microstructure of the experimental steel after solution treatment was single austenitic *** austenite grain size increased with solution temperature and time.A model was established to show the relationship between temperature,time and austenite grain size for the experimental *** addition,as the solution temperature increased,the strength decreased,while the elongation first increased and then *** decrease in elongation after solution treatment at 1100℃ for 90 min is contributed to the over-coarse austenite ***,after solution treatment at 900℃ for 90 min,the strength-elongation product reached the highest value of 44.4 GPa%.As the austenite grain size increased,the intensity of//tensile direction fiber *** was accompanied by a decrease in dislocation density,resulting in a lower fraction of low-angle grain boundaries and a lower work hardening ***,the austenite grain size has a critical influence on the mechanical properties of the low-density *** grains lead to a lower yield strength due to the Hall-Petch effect and a lower tensile strength because of lower dislocation strengthening.

关键词： Austenitic low-density steel Solution treatment Grain size Mechanical property Deformed microstructure

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Encapsulating lipase on the surface of magnetic ZIF-8 nanosphers with mesoporous SiO2 nano-membrane for enhancing catalytic performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 279-283页

作者： guang-Xu Duan Queting chen Rui-Rui Shao Hui-Huang Sun Tong Yuan Dong-hao Zhang College of Pharmaceutical Science Hebei University Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province College of Pharmaceutical ScienceHebei University Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University

The preparation of immobilized enzyme with excellent performance is one of the difficulties that restrict the application of enzyme catalysis technology. Here, Candida rugosa lipase（CRL） was firstly adsorbed on the surface of magnetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-8（ZIF-8） nanospheres, which was further encapsulated with a mesoporous SiO2nano-membrane formed by tetraethyl orthosilicate（TEOS） polycondensation. Consequently, lipase could be firmly immobilized on carrier surface by physical binding rather than chemical binding, which did not damage the active conformation of enzyme. There were mesopores on the silica nano-membrane, which could improve the accessibility of enzyme and its apparent catalytic activity. Moreover, silica membrane encapsulation could also improve the stability of enzyme, suggesting an effective enzyme immobilization strategy. It showed that TEOS amount and the encapsulation time had significant effects on the thickness of silica membrane and the enzyme activity. The analysis in enzyme activity and protein secondary structure showed that lipase encapsulated in silica membrane retained the active conformation to the greatest extent. Compared with the adsorbed lipase, the encapsulated lipase increased its thermostability by 3 times and resistance to chemical denaturants by 7 times. The relative enzyme activity remained around 80% after 8 repetitions, while the adsorbed lipase only remained at7.3%.

关键词： Encapsulation Enzyme immobilization Lipase activity Mesoporous silica membrane ZIF-8

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Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylorirelated gastritis:The mechanisms of signalling pathway regulations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 11-28页

作者： Pei-Pei Zhang Liang Li hao-Yu Qu guang-Yu chen Meng-Zhou Xie Yan-Kun chen School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina School of Informatics Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Precision Medicine Research and Development Center Zhuhai Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina

Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis(HPAG)is a common condition of the gastrointestinal ***,extensive and long-term antibiotic use has resulted in numerous adverse effects,including increased resistance,gastrointestinal dysfunction,and increased recurrence *** these concerns develop,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may have *** is based on the concept of completeness and aims to eliminate pathogens and strengthen the *** has the potential to prevent this condition while also boosting the rate of Helicobacter pylori *** review elaborates on the mechanism of TCM treatment for HPAG based on cellular signalling pathways,which reflects the flexibility of TCM in treating diseases and the advantages of multi-level,multipathway,and multi-target treatments for HPAG.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis Traditional Chinese medicine Signalling pathway Eliminate pathogens Strengthen the body

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Privacy Distributed Constrained Optimization Over Time-Varying Unbalanced Networks and Its Application in Federated Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 335-346页

作者： Mengli Wei Wenwu Yu Duxin chen Mingyu Kang guang cheng the School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University IEEE the School of Mathematics Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security Southeast University the Purple Mountain Laboratories the School of Mathematics Southeast University

This paper investigates a class of constrained distributed zeroth-order optimization(ZOO) problems over timevarying unbalanced graphs while ensuring privacy preservation among individual agents. Not taking into account recent progress and addressing these concerns separately, there remains a lack of solutions offering theoretical guarantees for both privacy protection and constrained ZOO over time-varying unbalanced *** hereby propose a novel algorithm, termed the differential privacy(DP) distributed push-sum based zeroth-order constrained optimization algorithm(DP-ZOCOA). Operating over time-varying unbalanced graphs, DP-ZOCOA obviates the need for supplemental suboptimization problem computations, thereby reducing overhead in comparison to distributed primary-dual methods. DP-ZOCOA is specifically tailored to tackle constrained ZOO problems over time-varying unbalanced graphs,offering a guarantee of convergence to the optimal solution while robustly preserving privacy. Moreover, we provide rigorous proofs of convergence and privacy for DP-ZOCOA, underscoring its efficacy in attaining optimal convergence without constraints. To enhance its applicability, we incorporate DP-ZOCOA into the federated learning framework and formulate a decentralized zeroth-order constrained federated learning algorithm(ZOCOA-FL) to address challenges stemming from the timevarying imbalance of communication topology. Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are thoroughly evaluated through simulations on distributed least squares(DLS) and decentralized federated learning(DFL) tasks.

关键词： Constrained distributed optimization decentralized federated learning (DFL) differential privacy (DP) time-varying unbalanced graphs zeroth-order gradient

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DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposures and type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第2期16卷 237-245页

作者： guang-Jun Zheng Zheng-Er Fang Bi-Ying Zhou Lei Zuo Xia chen Ming-Liang Liu Lei Yu Chun-Xia Jing guang hao Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathophysiology School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632Guangdong ProvinceChina guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632Guangdong ProvinceChina guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment School of Public HealthGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510632Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Numerous epidemiological studies have found that pesticide exposure is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D);however,the underlying mechanisms remain *** methylation may play a role in this *** To identify the genes associated with pesticide exposure and T2D by reviewing the current *** We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for relevant studies that examined the association between pesticide exposure and DNA methylation,and studies on DNA methylation and T2D through January 15,*** We identified six genes(Alu,CABLES1,CDH1,PDX1,PTEN,PTPRN2)related to pesticide exposure and *** also suggested future research directions to better define the role of DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposure and *** DNA methylation of specific genes may play a vital role in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.

关键词： DNA methylation Pesticide exposure Type 2 diabetes Gene Mechanisms

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