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Highlighted multi-modifications of enzymes:a novel succinylation mediated by histone acetyltransferase 1 in tumors

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第2期19卷 133-135页

作者： Xiaodong Zhang Chunyu Hou Guang YANG Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology Liver Cancer CenterTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China

Histone acetyltransferase 1 serves as a succinyl transferase in tumors Protein post-translational modification(PTM)as an important research field has attracted increasing attention.Recently,our group has reported that histone acetyltransferase 1(HAT1)succinylated histones and non-histones and promoted tumorigenesis1.HAT1 plays a role in different biological processes,including cell cycle progression,glucose metabolism,histone production,and DNA damage repair2.We found that HAT1 succinylated histone H3 on K122.For a non-histone,HAT1 catalyzed the succinylation of phosphoglycerate mutase 1(PGAM1)on K99 to increase its enzyme activity,promoting glycolysis in cancer cells.Functionally,HAT1-mediated succinylation contributed to tumorigenesis.Our finding provided new insight into the mechanism of how a histone acetyltransferase HAT1 modulated succinylation during cancer development.

关键词： metabolism mediated tumors

Hunting out the repeat expansion in Huntington's pigs

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Protein & Cell 2023年第12期14卷 871-873页

作者： Guang YANG Boxun Lu Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

A recent study from Yan et al.(2023)provides the milestone evidence in the large animal model demonstrating genome editing as a potential therapeutic strategy for Huntington's disease treatment.

关键词： treatment. Huntington expansion

Conduction-convection coupled heat transfer around a hollow cylinder under different buoyancy forces

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 216-228页

作者： Wanyu ZHANG Jingyi WU Guang YANG Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In order to clarify the effect of a buoyancy force on conduction–convection coupled heat transfer in a hollow cylinder, the flow and thermal characteristics were analyzed using an RNG k-ε turbulence model. The Reynolds number was fixed at 1.014 × 10^(6), and the Rayleigh number varied from 1.122 × 10^(10)to 1.088 × 10^(11). Results have shown that, when considering the effect of an opposed buoyancy force, increasing the Rayleigh number has a positive impact on the rate of change and uniformity of the cylinder temperature. The temperature distributions along the axial and circumferential directions are similar for different Rayleigh numbers, but extreme values differ.Along the axial direction, the maximum temperature is obtained at the interface between the variable-diameter part and the constant-diameter part. The maximum dimensionless temperature value decreases to 0.12 when the Rayleigh number increases to 1.088 × 10^(11). Along the circumferential direction, the temperature distribution is affected by the buoyancy force, which results in the temperature of the upper part being higher than that of the lower part. After nondimensionalization of the temperature and time, a correlation was proposed to illustrate the transient heat transfer process quantitatively. The standard deviation of the maximum relative temperature, representing the temperature uniformity, was also calculated. It was found that the difference in the direction of the buoyancy force made a huge difference. Compared with the opposed buoyancy force, the maximum dimensionless temperature is almost two times higher with an assisted buoyancy force. Similarly, the heat transfer coefficient with an assisted buoyancy force is half of that with an opposed buoyancy force. Overall, an assisted buoyancy force plays a negative role in terms of thermal characteristics. The flow field around the hollow cylinder was also illustrated to reveal the mechanism of the buoyancy force on magnitude and direction aspects.

关键词： Buoyancy Conduction-convection heat transfer Transient analysis Hollow cylinder Non-dimensionalization

A sol-gel transition induced by dilution

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第9期65卷 1681-1682页

作者： Guang YANG Guosong Chen Biomass Molecular Engineering Center Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Department of Macromolecular Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Shaped by multiple noncovalent interactions,the interwoven fibrous network consisting of several components(collagen,laminin and proteoglycans etc.)is a unique feature reserved by the natural extracellular matrix(ECM).Recently,great attention of scientists has been aroused to mimic ECM through constructing the synthetic supramolecular systems[1,2].

关键词： constructing matrix fibrous

Evolutionary impacts of purine metabolism genes on mammalian oxidative stress adaptation

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Zoological Research 2022年第2期43卷 241-254页

作者： Ran Tian Chen yang Si-Min Chai Han Guo Inge Seim Guang YANG Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Integrative Biology Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China School of Biology and Environmental Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland 4001Australia

Many mammals risk damage from oxidative stress stemming from frequent dives(i.e., cycles of ischemia/reperfusion and hypoxia/reoxygenation),high altitude and subterranean environments, or powered flight. Purine metabolism is an essential response to oxidative stress, and an imbalance between purine salvage and de novo biosynthesis pathways can generate damaging reactive oxygen species(ROS). Here, we examined the evolution of 117 purine metabolism-related genes to explore the accompanying molecular mechanisms of enhanced purine metabolism in mammals under high oxidative stress. We found that positively selected genes,convergent changes, and nonparallel amino acid substitutions are possibly associated with adaptation to oxidative stress in mammals. In particular, the evolution of convergent genes with c AMP and c GMP regulation roles may protect mammals from oxidative damage. Additionally, 32 genes were identified as under positive selection in cetaceans, including key purine salvage enzymes(i.e., HPRT1), suggesting improved re-utilization of non-recyclable purines avoid hypoxanthine accumulation and reduce oxidative stress. Most intriguingly, we found that six unique substitutions in cetacean xanthine dehydrogenase(XDH), an enzyme that regulates the generation of the ROS precursor xanthine oxidase(XO) during ischemic/hypoxic conditions, show enhanced enzyme activity and thermal stability and diminished XO conversion activity. These functional adaptations are likely beneficial for cetaceans by reducing radical oxygen species production during diving. In summary, our findings offer insights into the molecular and functional evolution of purine metabolism genes in mammalian oxidative stress adaptations.

关键词： Evolution Mammals Cetaceans Purine metabolism Oxidative stress

Extreme value theory applied to the auroral electrojet indices

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 375-381页

作者： Si Chen Hong Yuan Yong Wei Guang YANG FengZheng Yu Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The study of extreme weather and space events has gained paramount importance in modern society owing to rapid advances in high technology.Understanding and describing exceptional occurrences plays a crucial role in making decisive assessments of their potential impact on technical,economic,and social aspects in various fields.This research focuses on analyzing the hourly values of the auroral electrojet(AE)geomagnetic index from 1957 to 2019 by using the peak over threshold method in extreme value theory.By fitting the generalized Pareto distribution to extreme AE values,shape parameter indices were derived,revealing negative values that establish an upper bound for this time series.Consequently,it became evident that the AE values had reached a plateau,suggesting that extreme events exceeding the established upper limit are rare.As a result,although the need for diligent precautions to mitigate the consequences of such extreme events persists,surpassing the upper limit of AE values becomes increasingly challenging.It is also possible to observe an aurora in the middle-and low-latitude regions during the maximum period of the AE index.

关键词： auroral electrojet indices extreme value theory extreme events

Blockage robust millimeter-wave networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 77-79页

作者： Guang YANG Ming XIAO KTH Royal Institute of Technology

Millimeter-wave(mm Wave)technique(from around 24 GHz to 300 GHz)becomes a key enabler of high date rates for future mobile communications[1].In spite of many appealing benefits,mm Wave communications also encounter several critical challenges,i.e.,very weak capability in penetration,diffraction and high-order reflections,due to the short wavelength[2].That indicates,the transmission in mm Wave bands can be blocked easily if any obstacle,e.g.,human body or vehicle in motion,occurs on the propagation path.

关键词： Wave work in AP of as link TDMA Blockage robust millimeter-wave networks is or MBS MAC wave that

Vertical Diffusion Coefficient with Stratification Effect for Silty Sediment Suspension Under Waves

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China Ocean Engineering 2023年第2期37卷 323-332页

作者： yang guang-yao ZHANG Qing-he State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

To analyze previous experimental data of suspended sediment concentration for silty sediment with different sediment particle sizes due to waves, a new stratification correction coefficient is presented. The suspended sediment concentration gradient and sediment particle diameter are selected as parameters. Furthermore, a diffusion coefficient model with a stratification effect over the whole water depth for silty sediment suspension under waves is developed. The comparison between the suspended sediment concentration calculated by the presented model and several groups of experimental data shows that the model can reasonably reflect the vertical distribution of silty sediment suspension.The stratification effect calculated by the present model decreases with an increase in the sediment particle diameter,which indicates that the model can be extended to describe the suspended sediment concentration of fine to medium sand when the near-bottom sediment concentration is not very high. Although the original model needs to be iteratively solved, the approximate method without iteration is recommended for applications when the near bottom sediment concentration is between 10 and 20 kg/m~3 due to the small difference between the non-iterative and iterative solution for near bed layer suspended sediment concentration, which plays a major role in sediment transport.

关键词： stratification silty sediment suspension diffusion coefficient wave

Oxidative stress drives divergent evolution of the glutathione peroxidase(GPX)gene family in mammals

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第5期16卷 696-711页

作者： Ran TIAN Yuepan GENG Ying yang Inge SEIM Guang YANG Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Integrative Biology Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina School of Biology and Environmental Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

The molecular basis for adaptations to extreme environments can now be understood by interrogating the everincreasing number of sequenced genomes.Mammals such as cetaceans,bats,and highland species can protect themselves from oxidative stress,a disruption in the balance of reactive oxygen species,which results in oxidative injury and cell damage.Here,we consider the evolution of the glutathione peroxidase(GPX)family of antioxidant enzymes by interrogating publicly available genome data from 70 mammalian species from all major clades.We identified 8 GPX subclasses ubiquitous to all mammalian groups.Mammalian GPX gene families resolved into the GPX4/7/8 and GPX1/2/3/5/6 groups and are characterized by several instances of gene duplication and loss,indicating a dynamic process of gene birth and death in mammals.Seven of the eight GPX subfamilies(all but GPX7)were under positive selection,with the residues under selection located at or close to active sites or at the dimer interface.We also reveal evidence of a correlation between ecological niches(e.***.high oxidative stress)and the divergent selection and gene copy number of GPX subclasses.Notably,a convergent expansion of GPX1 was observed in several independent lineages of mammals under oxidative stress and may be important for avoiding oxidative damage.Collectively,this study suggests that the GPX gene family has shaped the adaption of mammals to stressful environments.

关键词： adaptive evolution gene family glutathione peroxidase mammals oxidative stress