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Phylogenomic conflict analyses in the apple genus Malus *** widespread hybridization and allopolyploidy driving diversification,with insights into the complex biogeographic history in the Northern Hemisphere

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第5期64卷 1020-1043页

作者： Bin-Bin Liu Chen Ren Myounghai Kwak Richard GJHodel Chao Xu Jian He Wen-Bin Zhou Chien-Hsun Huang Hong Ma guan-ze qian De-Yuan Hong Jun Wen State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Department of Botany National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionPO Box 37012Washington 20013–7012DCUSA Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China National Institute of Biological Resources Incheon 22689South Korea School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27965NCUSA State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologyCenter of Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Biology Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State University510D Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA College of Life Sciences Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China

Phylogenomic evidence from an increasing number of studies has demonstrated that different data sets and analytical approaches often reconstruct strongly supported but conflicting *** this study,785 single-copy nuclear genes and 75 complete plastomes were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and estimate the historical biogeography of the apple genus Malus sensu lato,an economically important lineage disjunctly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and involved in known and suspected hybridization and allopolyploidy *** nuclear phylogeny recovered the monophyly of Malus s.l.(including Docynia);however,the genus was supported to be biphyletic in the plastid *** ancient chloroplast capture event in the Eocene in western North America best explains the cytonuclear *** conflict analysis demonstrated that ILS,hybridization,and allopolyploidy could explain the widespread nuclear gene tree *** deep hybridization event(Malus doumeri)and one recent event(Malus coronaria)were detected in Malus ***,our historical biogeographic analysis integrating living and fossil data supported a widespread East Asianwestern North American origin of Malus *** the Eocene,followed by several extinction and dispersal events in the Northern *** also propose a general workflow for assessing phylogenomic discordance and biogeographic analysis using deep genome skimming data sets.

关键词： deep genome skimming genomic discordance historical biogeography massive extinction reticulate evolution single-copy nuclear genes

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Enantioselective copper-catalyzed dearomative borylative cyclization of indoles and mechanistic insights

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 670-678页

作者： Yanfei Li Xuetao Li Zheng Zhang Yiliang Zhang Xiuping Yuan Jianjun Yin Simin Wang Wei guan qian Zhang Tao Xiong Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design&Synthesis Department of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Department of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China

Alicyclic nitrogen heterocycles,such as enantioenriched polycyclic fused[1,2-a]indoline derivatives,are widespread in natural products,agrochemicals and pharmaceutical *** methods predominantly rely on the recent emerging Heck-type catalytic asymmetric dearomatization(CADA)protocol,wherein noble palladium catalysts commonly necessitate the form arylPd species-triggered these *** contrast,a more sustainable base metal catalysis paradigm through alkyl metal species disrupting the aromaticity,that is,the utilization of challenging asymmetric Csp3–Csp3 bond formation entry to such important chiral densely functionalized polycyclic molecular scaffolds,remains an elusive ***,we report the first copper-catalyzed dearomative borylative cyclization of indoles under mild reaction conditions,affording an array of valuable Bpin-containing pyrrolo-fused[1,2-a]indolines bearing four consecutive stereogenic centers with excellent enantioand *** synthetic potential was documented via an array of useful *** functional theory(DFT)calculation studies elucidated the origin of the chemo-,regio-,enantio-and diastereoselectivities of this conversion.

关键词： copper catalysis dearomatization borylative cyclization indoles DFT calculations

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Strength through unity: Alkaline phosphatase-responsive AIEgen nanoprobe for aggregation-enhanced multi-mode imaging and photothermal therapy of metastatic prostate cancer

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 289-296页

作者： ze Wang Hao Liang Annan Liu Xingchen Li Lin guan Lei Li Liang He Andrew K.Whittaker Bai Yang Quan Lin State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Department of Endocrinology Lequn Branch the First Hospital of Jilin University Department of Urology the First Hospital of Jilin University Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology the University of Queensland

Prostate cancer(PCa) is characterized by high incidence and propensity for easy metastasis, presenting significant challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Tumor microenvironment(TME)-responsive nanomaterials provide a promising prospect for imaging-guided precision therapy. Considering that tumor-derived alkaline phosphatase(ALP) is over-expressed in metastatic PCa, it makes a great chance to develop a theranostics system with ALP responsive in the TME. Herein, an ALP-responsive aggregationinduced emission luminogens(AIEgens) nanoprobe AMNF self-assembly was designed for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic PCa. The nanoprobe exhibited self-aggregation in the presence of ALP resulted in aggregation-induced fluorescence, and enhanced accumulation and prolonged retention period at the tumor site. In terms of detection, the fluorescence(FL)/computed tomography(CT)/magnetic resonance(MR) multi-mode imaging effect of nanoprobe was significantly improved post-aggregation, enabling precise diagnosis through the amalgamation of multiple imaging modes. Enhanced CT/MR imaging can achieve assist preoperative tumor diagnosis, and enhanced FL imaging technology can achieve “intraoperative visual navigation”, showing its potential application value in clinical tumor detection and surgical guidance. In terms of treatment, AMNF showed strong absorption in the near infrared region after aggregation, which improved the photothermal treatment effect. Overall, our work developed an effective aggregation-enhanced theranostic strategy for ALP-related cancers.

关键词： AIE ALP responsive Enhanced multi-mode imaging Enhanced photothermal therapy Prostate cancer

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In situ measurement of environmental γ radiation dose rates of key nuclides for large radioactive surface sources

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 69-79页

作者： ze-qian Wu Jian Sun Wei-Qi Huang Bai-Rong Wang Jin-Xing Cheng Jiang-Feng Wu Yong-Hong Wang Biao Yuan Sheng Qi Kun Shan Institute of NBC Defence Beijing 102205China Beijing New-High Technology Academy Beijing 100094China

To monitor nuclear and radiation emergencies,it is crucial to obtain accurate in situ measurements of the environmentalγ radiation dose rate from key radionuclides,particularly for large radioactive surface *** methods currently used for measuring dose rates are inadequate for obtaining the dose rates of key radionuclides and have large angular response errors when monitoring surface *** address this practical problem,this study proposes three methods for measuring the dose rate:the weighted peak total ratio,mean value regression,and numerical integration *** methods are based on energy-spectrum measurement data,and they were theoretically derived and numerically ***,a 1-m-long hexagonal radioactive surface source was integrated into a larger surface *** situ measurement experiments were conducted on a large radioactive surface source using a dose-rate meter and a portable HPGespectrometer to analyze the errors of the three aforementioned methods and verify their validity.

关键词： Environmentalγradiation dose rate HPGespectrometer Key radionuclides Radioactive surface source

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A single-pixel elemental imaging method using neutron-induced gamma-ray activation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 1-12页

作者： Can Cheng Yong-Ji Xie Xun-Rong Xia Jia-Yu Gu Dong Zhao Yi-ze Chen Ai-Yun Sun Xu-Wen Liang Wen-Bao Jia Da-qian Hei Department of Ionizing Radiation and Medical Engineering Jiangsu Institute of MetrologyNanjing 210023China Institute of Nuclear Analytical Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. LtdBeijing 100840China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Neutron-induced gamma-ray imaging is a spectroscopic technique that uses characteristic gamma rays to infer the elemental distribution of an ***,this technique requires the use of large facilities to supply a high neutron flux and a time-consuming detection procedure involving direct collimating *** this study,a new method based on low neutron flux was proposed.A single-pixel gamma-ray detector combined with random pattern gamma-ray masks was used to measure the characteristic gamma rays emitted from the *** of the elemental distribution in the sample,comprising 30×30 pixels,were reconstructed using the maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization *** results demonstrate that the elemental imaging of the sample can be accurately determined using this *** proposed approach,which eliminates the need for high neutron flux and scanning measurements,can be used for in-field imaging applications.

关键词： Elemental imaging Neutron-induced gamma-ray activation Single-pixel imaging

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Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for overall survival in patients with rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第2期17卷 93-104页

作者： Ling Liang Xiao-Sheng Li ze-Jun Huang Zu-Hai Hu qian-Jie Xu Yu-Liang Yuan Wei Zhang Hai-Ke Lei Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Chongqing Cancer Multiomics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Department of Health Statistics School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is prevalent and associated with substantial morbidity and *** To develop a nomogram prediction model for overall survival(OS)in patients with rectal cancer by leveraging a comprehensive analysis of demographic,clinicopathological,haematological,and follow-up data to identify independent prognostic *** We conducted a prospective cohort study in China involving rectal cancer patients and applied Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to assess the significance of various variables as independent prognostic factors for *** identified factors were integrated into a nomogram model,which was evaluated for predictive accuracy via the C-index,area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve,and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed independent predictors of OS,including the Karnofsky performance status,age,sex,TNM stage,chemotherapy,surgery,targeted therapy,β2-microglobulin,lactate dehydrogenase,and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte *** nomogram demonstrated a C-index of 0.80 for the training and validation cohorts,with AUC values indicating high predictive accuracy for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year *** calibration curves confirmed the model's excellent agreement with the observed survival rates,and DCA revealed the superior clinical utility of the nomogram over the TNM staging *** In this study,a novel prognostic model that accurately predicts the OS of rectal cancer patients was *** model exhibited excellent discriminatory and calibration capabilities,thus offering a reliable tool for health care professionals to estimate patient survival.

关键词： Rectal cancer Overall survival Nomogram Prognosis

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Development and validation of a nomogram model for predicting overall survival in patients with gastric carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第2期17卷 132-143页

作者： guan-Zhong Liang Xiao-Sheng Li Zu-Hai Hu qian-Jie Xu Fang Wu Xiang-Lin Wu Hai-Ke Lei Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Chongqing Cancer Multi-omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Department of Health Statistics School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Research Center for Medicine and Social Development School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China The Research Center of Big Data Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China

BACKGROUND The prevalence and mortality rates of gastric carcinoma are disproportionately elevated in China,with the disease's intricate and varied characteristics further amplifying its health *** forecasting of overall survival(OS)is of paramount importance for the clinical management of individuals afflicted with this *** To develop and validate a nomogram model that provides precise gastric cancer prevention and treatment guidance and more accurate survival outcome prediction for patients with gastric *** Data analysis was conducted on samples collected from hospitalized gastric cancer patients between 2018 and *** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,univariate,and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify independent prognostic factors.A nomogram model was developed to predict gastric cancer patient *** model's predictability and discriminative ability were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic *** evaluate the clinical utility of the model,Kaplan-Meier and decision curve analyses were *** A total of ten independent prognostic factors were identified,including body mass index,tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,radiation,chemotherapy,surgery,albumin,globulin,neutrophil count,lactate dehydrogenase,and platelet-to-lymphocyte *** area under the curve(AUC)values for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival prediction in the training set were 0.843,0.850,and 0.821,*** AUC values were 0.864,0.820,and 0.786 for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival prediction in the validation set,*** model exhibited strong discriminative ability,with both the time AUC and time C-index exceeding *** with TNM staging,the model demonstrated superior clinical ***,a nomogram was developed via a web-based *** This study established and validated a novel nomogram model for predicting the OS of gastric cancer patients,which demonstrat

关键词： Gastric carcinoma Prediction Overall survival Nomogram Prospective

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Identification of a dual functional betulinic acid analog for the treatment of osteoarthritis by phenotypic screening

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 300-302页

作者： ze-Min Lin Mai Xiang Wen-Hui Wei Shu-Hui Fan Li Chen Jie Wang Xiao-qian Yang Chun-Hao Yang Shi-Jun He Jian-Ping Zuo Laboratory of Immunopharmacology State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Department of Medicinal ChemistryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Experiment Center for Science and Technology Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China

Dear Editor,Phenotypic drug discovery,which observes compound effects on physiology,has given way to targeting specific molecules,but has revived by using modern methods to find drugs based on therapeutic outcomes in disease models(Vincent et al.,2022).Osteoarthritis(OA)is a prevalent chronic joint disorder,primarily affecting knee joints,with osteoclast activation due to low-grade inflammation resulting in increased bone resorption and structural changes in the joint(Katz et al.,2021).This imbalance and the discharge of inflammatory mediators perpetuate the cycle of inflammation and tissue ***,controlling inflammation and modulating osteoclastogenesis are critical therapeutic targets for managing OA.

关键词： inflammation drugs

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Analysis and Prediction of Ecological Vulnerability of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration Based on the SRP Model

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2025年第3期46卷 1621-1632页

作者： Zhao, Zong-ze Ma, qian Wang, Yi Ma, Chao Wang, Hong-Tao School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo454000 China Geovis Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing101300 China

The analysis and prediction of ecological vulnerability of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration,as a demonstration area for green ecological development planning,is important for understanding the current status and future development trends of the ecological environment in this region. This article is based on the"sensitivity-resilience-pressure" (SRP)model,selecting multi-source remote sensing spatial statistical data,using the entropy weight method to determine the weights of each index,and constructing an evaluation index system for the ecological vulnerability of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration. This study analyzed the spatial distribution and temporal changes of ecological vulnerability in the study area from 2005 to 2020. With the help of the geographical detector model,the driving factors of ecological vulnerability in the study area were explored and combined with the CA-Markov model to predict the ecological vulnerability status in 2025. The results showed that:① The Central Plains urban agglomeration was primarily characterized by mild vulnerability,exhibiting a spatial trend of higher vulnerability in the northwest and lower in the southeast. Over time,it displayed an evolutionary trend of first increasing and then decreasing. ② Regardless of whether the level of ecological vulnerability increased or decreased,each level tended to undergo large-scale transitions toward the nearest level,with the most important changes occurring in the severe vulnerability level. ③ Building area percentage,biological abundance,fractional vegetation cover,population density,and gross domestic product(GDP)were notable influencing factors that contributed to the ecological vulnerability of the Central Plains urban agglomeration,and the interaction between all these indicators had significantly increased. ④ The predictive results for 2025 showed a downward trend in ecological vulnerability,indicating an improvement in the ecological environment. © 2025 Science Press.

关键词： Anthropogenic

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基于船舶排气工况下DOC+SCR后处理系统催化作用

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内燃机学报 2025年第1期43卷 72-78页

作者：孙豫钱叶剑龚震孙泽合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院合肥230009 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司合肥230022

为研究船舶中速柴油机应用柴油氧化催化器(DOC)技术的可行性,试验了船舶柴油机典型低温大流量工况下DOC对选择性催化还原器(SCR)催化性能及共同作用下颗粒物(PM)理化性质的影响.结果表明:在典型的低温大流量工况下DOC的应用会提升SCR系... 详细信息

为研究船舶中速柴油机应用柴油氧化催化器(DOC)技术的可行性,试验了船舶柴油机典型低温大流量工况下DOC对选择性催化还原器(SCR)催化性能及共同作用下颗粒物(PM)理化性质的影响.结果表明:在典型的低温大流量工况下DOC的应用会提升SCR系统的催化效率,在柴油机高负荷排气工况(空速为18000 h^(-1))下催化效率提升了65%;DOC和SCR共同作用会降低PM的石墨化程度,且排气温度越高,石墨化程度越低;共同作用会增加PM表面含氧官能团的浓度,其中C—OH官能团含量增加了100%,PM的氧化活性大幅提升;在碳氢官能团中,作为PM生长核心的脂肪族C—H官能团浓度大幅降低,降低幅度达到了50%,减少了PM的继续生长和聚集的机率.

关键词：船舶柴油机碳烟颗粒石墨化程度表面官能团后处理系统

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