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Nitric oxide production is associated to increased lipoperoxidation and active caspase-3 in demyelinated brain regions of the taiep rat

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第6期3卷 695-704页

作者： guadalupe soto-rodríguez Daniel Martínez-Fong Rosa Arroyo Patricia Aguilar-Alonso Hector Rubio José Ramón Eguibar Araceli Ugarte Maricela Torres-soto Juan Antonio González-Barrios Jorge Cebada Eduardo Brambila Bertha Alicia Leon-Chavez Departamento de Fisiología Biofísica y Neurociencias Cinvestav Apdo. Postal 14-740 México D.F. 07000 México División de Medicina Genómica del Hospital regional 1o de Octubre ISSSTE Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 1669 México D. F. 07760 México Escuela de Biología BUAP Puebla Pue. Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Químicas BUAP 14 sur y Av. Edif. 138 San Claudio 72570 Puebla Pue. México Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán Mexico Instituto de Fisiología BUAP 14 sur 6301 Puebla Pue. México

We previously showed that the increase in nitric oxide (NO) levels and NO synthase (NOS) expression correlate with the progression of reactive astrocytosis and demyelination in the brains of 6-month-old taiep rats. Increased levels of NO can result in high concentration of peroxynitrite and thus cause tissue damage, which consists of lipoperoxidation of the cytoplasmic membrane, such as the myelin, and of apoptotic and necrotic cell-death. On this basis, we studied whether the increased NO production is associated with lipoperoxidation and cell death in the cerebellum and brainstem over the age (1, 3, 6, and 8 months) of taiep rats. The results were compared with those obtained in matched Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We measured the levels of nitrites (NO production), malonyldialdehyde, and 4-hydroxyalkenal (lipoperoxidation) in brain tissue homogenates. The three NOS isoforms and cleaved caspase-3 were evaluated by using ELISA and immunostaining techniques. Our results showed that NO production and lipoperoxidation increased in the cerebellum and brainstem as the age of the taiep rats increased compared to SD rats. The overexpression of nNOS and iNOS were in the Purkinje cells, magnocellular neurons, and in oligodendrocytes, whereas the glial cells showed strong cleaved-caspase-3 immunoreactivity. In summary our results suggest that NO plays a role in the demyelination and cell death in the taiep rat.

关键词： Hypomyelination Nitrite Malonyldialdehyde Apoptosis Necrosis

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Rehabilitation of Semi-Arid Grasslands through the Perennialization of Lots by Implementing Perennial Forage Exotic Grass

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 2115-2125页

作者： Delfina Arancio Sidoti Juan Manuel Zeberio guadalupe Peter Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Sede AtlánticaCEANPaViedma8500Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICETCABABuenos Aires1425Argentina Chacra Experimental Patagones Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario de la Provincia de Buenos AiresCarmen de Patagones8504Argentina

Argentina is the country with the highest proportion of arid and semi-arid ecosystems in Latin *** the rangelands of Southwestern Buenos Aires(Patagones Department),there is a clear advancement of the agricultural frontier to the detriment of the native forest in this *** to rainfall variation and seed acquisition,Thinopyrum ponticum is cultivated as a forage perennial crop in this *** objective was to evaluate the performance of *** as a facilitating crop for the medium-term rehabilitation of natural grasslands in semi-arid *** working hypotheses were that:1)native perennial grass cover increases over the years and 2)diversity and specific richness of the vegetation are enhanced by the duration of Tall Wheatgrass *** were collected from commercial plots where *** was shown:recent implantation(5–8 years,RI);medium implantation(13–15 years,MI);and old implantation(20–22 years,OI).Thirty-four species were identified and classified into seven functional groups:Annual grasses,annual herbs,perennial herbs,exotic perennial herbs,perennial forage grasses,exotic perennial forage grasses,perennial forage exotic grasses,and nonforage perennial *** ponticum’s total cover was between RI and *** cover,species richness,and Shannon-Weaver diversity index showed no differences among *** forage grasses exhibited higher cover values in sites with greater implantation age and annual grasses showed the opposite *** results indicated that *** does not invade the sampled plots and enhances the colonization of the planted plots by perennial forage native ***,even though the herbaceous cover had been recovered,the woody layer which could provide environmental services and specific values for conservation was not.

关键词： Wheatgrass clearing vegetation monte Thinopyrum ponticum

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从美声唱法视角下对女高音咏叹调《严刑酷罚千般万种》的诠释性建议

从美声唱法视角下对女高音咏叹调《严刑酷罚千般万种》的诠释性建...

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作者： MARIA guadalupe SALAZAR GOMEZ 成都大学

学位级别：硕士

选自沃尔夫冈·阿玛多伊斯·莫扎特(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)的歌剧《后宫诱逃》(Die Entführung aus dem Serail)的咏叹调“Marten Aller Arten”,被认为是最具挑战性的女高音咏叹调之一。演唱这首咏叹调需要歌唱者具备较高的歌唱技... 详细信息

选自沃尔夫冈·阿玛多伊斯·莫扎特(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)的歌剧《后宫诱逃》(Die Entführung aus dem Serail)的咏叹调“Marten Aller Arten”,被认为是最具挑战性的女高音咏叹调之一。演唱这首咏叹调需要歌唱者具备较高的歌唱技术,包含歌唱中气息的灵活性、音与音之间的过渡和衔接、可长时间保持发声与音准的气息强度。此外,还需要歌唱者拥有宽广的音域和能够随时转换音高的能力。现今大众仍普遍认同的观点是,戏剧性的声音是沉重的、强烈的、甚至阴暗的,这与敏捷、灵活与明亮的声音几乎是对立的。通常情况下,敏捷、清晰的声音会更多地与闹剧或喜剧作品联系在一起,而沉重、强烈的声音则更多地与戏剧联系在一起。本文中,笔者尝试证明这两种音色可以同时存在于一个曲目中,由抒情花腔女高音扮演的康斯坦斯这一角色正好可以证明笔者的观点。本文提出了一些可供参考的观点,以帮助读者从不同的技术角度了解女高音如何处理声区转换,以支持其在主要音域中以饱满的嗓音演唱歌曲,使声音放开,并实现咏叹调“Marten Aller Arten”所要求的戏剧性。同时,本文以意大利美声学派的原则为基础,介绍了该咏叹调的技术方法——其重点集中于四个声区:胸声区、弱混声区、强混声区和头声区。本文比较了意大利美声学派的一些歌唱方法和关于声区的不同技术的概念。尽管这些概念仍会引起混淆,但这一新的视角有助于帮助人们理解女高音声区的结构,并将其更清晰地带入实践当中。了解了这四个音区的工作原理,女高音歌唱家就能更自如地去演绎这首咏叹调,并将嗓音发挥到极致,帮助歌唱家们更深入地了解自己的“乐器”,加强声音本身的柔韧性、肌肉和嗓音的调节能力,这些都是演唱咏叹调“Marten Aller Arten”所需要的。

关键词： Marten Aller Arten 美声学派音区女高音

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Intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of a plant sterol food supplement in experimental murine colitis and cell co-culture models

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mussa Makran Antonio Cilla Rosa María Giner María Carmen Recio Luisa Tesoriere Alessandro Attanzio guadalupe Garcia-Llatas Nutrition and Food Science Area， Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences， University of Valencia.Av.Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n Department of Pharmacology， Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences， University of Valencia.Av.Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n Department of Biological， Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies， University of Palermo

The potential of a plant sterol food supplement （PS-FS） in addressing intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro was evaluated. As in vivo model， C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium in three 5-day periods， with 10-day rest intervals in between， daily reciving PS-FS （35 mg PS/kg）. The in vitro approach involved a bi-cameral system with 8-day-differentiated Caco-2 （apical） and RAW264.7 cells （basolateral）. The bioaccessible fraction of PS-FS， obtained after INFOGEST 2.0 simulated gastrointestinal digestion， was added to the apical part （90 min）， followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide （1 μg/mL， 24 h）. PS-FS alleviated rectal bleeding and rebalanced pro- (tumor necrosis factor α， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-8) and anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-10）. Additionally， PS-FS ameliorated histopathological damage and enhancing occludin expression. A reduction in oxidative stress was evidenced by decreased myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species production. The anti-inflammatory mechanism included suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 expression， reducing prostaglandin E2production， and inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor κB p65 subunit. This study reveals the potential of PS-FS as a therapeutic intervention for colitis. The alignment between in vivo and in vitro outcomes substantiates the appropriateness of the co-culture model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of foods.

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Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 16-20页

作者： guadalupe Álvarez-Hernán José Antonio de Mera-rodríguez Yolanda Gañán Jorge Solana-Fajardo Gervasio Martín-Partido Joaquín rodríguez-León Javier Francisco-Morcillo Área de Biología Celular Departamento de AnatomíaBiología Celular y ZoologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ExtremaduraBadajozSpain Área de Anatomía Humana Departamento de AnatomíaBiología Celular y ZoologíaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ExtremaduraBadajozSpain Servicio de Oftalmología Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de BadajozBadajozSpain

The visual system is affected by neurodegenerative diseases caused by the degeneration of specific retinal neurons,the leading cause of irreversible blindness in *** vertebrate phylogeny,the retina has two kinds of specialized niches of constitutive neurogenesis:the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone and Müller *** proliferative activity in the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone in precocial birds such as the chicken,the commonest bird model used in developmental and regenerative studies,is very *** region adds only a few retinal cells to the peripheral edge of the retina during several months after hatching,but does not seem to be involved in retinal regeneration.Müller cells in the chicken retina are not proliferative under physiological conditions,but after acute damage some of them undergo a reprogramming event,dedifferentiating into retinal stem cells and generating new retinal ***,regenerative response after injury occurs with low efficiency in the precocial avian *** contrast,it has recently been shown that neurogenesis is intense in the retina of altricial birds at *** particular,abundant proliferative activity is detected both in the circumferential marginal zone and in the outer half of the inner nuclear ***,stem cell niches are very active in the retina of altricial *** more extensive research is needed to assess the potential of proliferating cells in the adult retina of altricial birds,it emerges as an attractive model for studying different aspects of neurogenesis and neural regeneration in vertebrates.

关键词： altricial birds circumferential marginal zone Müller glia postnatal neurogenesis precocial regeneration retinogenesis

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