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Organochlorine Pesticides in Infant Milk Formulas Marketed in the South of Mexico City

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1290-1298页

作者： Rey Gutiérrez Tolentino Salvador Vegay León Beatriz Schettino Bermúdez guadalupe Prado Flores María de Lourdes Ramírez Vega Claudia Radilla Vázquez María Radilla Vázquez Marcela Vazquez Francisca Departamento de Atención a la Salud Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Coyoacán D.F. México Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Coyoacán D.F. México Puente de Piedra #150 Tlalpan D.F. México Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México D.F. México

The nature of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and their physical-chemical properties exert immediate action of control on live systems, which has justified their use in agricultural practices. Their long life makes them a persistent ecological aggressor and biomagnifier. They reach foods by biotic and abiotic means, and are absorbed and accumulate in adipose tissue. In lactation processes, they are excreted in milk through the mobilization of fats. Diverse studies have identified them as neurotoxic, affecting reproductive processes, altering the immunological response and act as endocrine disruptors. An analysis was made of the content of organochlorine pesticides in twenty-one samples of infant milk formulas marketed in the south of Mexico City in 2010. The determinations were made following the protocols of the International Dairy Federation, by means of gas chromatography with electron capture detector, and the majority presence was found of α-HCH (100%), β-HCH (95.2%), γ-HCH (90.5%), aldrin (85.7%), heptachlor (80.9%) and heptachlor epoxide (80.9%) with mean values of 0.24, 0.13, 0.32, 0.62, 0.92 and 0.18 μg/kg of fat, respectively;all below the limits permitted by the Codex Alimentarius. With null or lower recurrence and in lowerquantities, the family of DDT, endrin, endrin aldehyde and the endosulphanes were quantified.

关键词： Organochlorine Pesticides Infant Milk Formulas Gas Chromatography Mexico

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Response of rice cultivation to biofertilizers in Campeche, Mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 715-720页

作者： Fermín Orona-Castro Mónica guadalupe Lozano-Contreras Martín Tucuch-Cauich Oscar A. Grageda-Cabrera Juan Medina-Mendez Arturo Díaz-Franco Esaú Ruiz-Sánchez Jesús Soto-Rocha Campo Experimental Bajío (INIFAP) Celaya México Campo Experimental Río Bravo (INIFAP) Rio Bravo México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Edzna Campeche México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Mococha Yucatán México Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal Conkal México

The activity of various biofertilizers on rice production (Sabanero A95) was evaluated in Palizada, Campeche, Mexico, in the wet season of 2009 (year one) and 2011 (year two). On year one, arbuscular mycorrhiza INIFAP? (Rhizophagus intraradices), Azospirillum brasilense plus arbuscular micorrhiza Rhizophagus sp., and chemical fertilizer (92, -92, -60 kg·ha-1) were evaluated, while on year two marine algae extracts, a consortium of growth promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas spp.) and a control (not fertilized) were evaluated. The results showed that there were no significant differences on grain yield among treatments during the year one. The average grain yield was 2,800 kg·ha-1. As for the year two, the highest grain yield was observed on plots fertilized with chemical fertilizer (3333 kg·ha-1), followed by plots treated with mycorrhiza INIFAP? (3000 kg·ha-1). The economic analysis for rice production in both years showed that the use of arbuscular mycorrhiza decreases the cost of production by 18.5% and 16.3%, which suggests that microbial inoculants might be good substitutes of chemical fertilizers in rice production.

关键词： Rice Wet Season Validation Biofertilizers

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Sleep Deprivation Affects Working Memory in Low but Not in High Complexity for the N-Back Test

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2012年第4期3卷 380-386页

作者： guadalupe J. Terán-Pérez Alejandra E. Ruiz-Contreras Rosa O. González-Robles Rosario Tarrago-Castellanos Roberto E. Mercadillo Anabel Jiménez-Anguiano Javier Velázquez-Moctezuma Department of Reproductive Biology Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Iztapalapa México Institute of Neurobiology Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Laboratorio de Neurogenómica Cognitiva Laboratorio de Psicofisiología Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Mathematic Department Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Iztapalapa México Sleep Disorder Laboratory Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Iztapalapa México

Sleep clearly influences learning and memory since sleep deprivation and stress impairs both cognitive processes. Working memory is an essential cognitive process and refers to a short-term holding of incoming information required to update the long-term mnemonic storage and to manipulate new elements in order to solve problems and make decisions. Nevertheless, the influence of sleep deprivation on working memory has scarcely been studied. In this study we evaluated working memory using the N-back test after increasing periods of wakefulness. Healthy young males were kept awake for 36 hours and the two N-back tasks with low (1-Back) and high (3-Back) levels of complexity were applied every 6 hours. Additionally, salivary cortisol was determined along the study. Unlike the control non-deprived participants, the sleep deprived volunteers showed a significant decrease in their efficiency to solve the 1-Back task after 24 hours of sleep deprivation. However, no differences were observed after 30 and 36 hours of sleep deprivation. Concerning the 3-Back task no differences were observed after sleep deprivation. Regarding reaction time, the deprived group manifested slower responses for the 1-Back task and for the 3-Back task after 30 hours and 36 hours of sleep deprivation, respectively. Cortisol levels presented the normal daily oscillation and no differences were observed between groups. This data suggests that sleep deprivation affects basal states of attention instead of working memory while performing simple tasks. The impact of sleep deprivation on the cognitive performance depends on the moment of day when the task is applied and the complexity of the tests used to assess these mnemonic skills.

关键词： Sleep Deprivation Working Memory Cortisol Levels N-Back Task Stress

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Wet Deposition Fluxes and Related Atmospheric Chemistry at Three Sites in Mexico

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2014年第1期3卷 1-9页

作者： Rosa María Cerón Bretón Julia Griselda Cerón Bretón Claudia Alejandra Aguilar Ucán Evangelina Ramírez Lara José Abraham Ortínez álvarez Carlos Montalvo Romero Carmen guadalupe Carballo Pat Chemistry Department Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon San Nicolás de los Garza Mexico National Center for Training and Environmental Research National Institute of Ecology Mexico City Mexico Research Center on Environmental Sciences Autonomous University of Carmen Botanical Garden Carmen City Mexico

Wet deposition was collected in Mexico City (MC), Metropolitan Area of Monterrey (MAM) and El Chico National Park (ECNP), during 2009 and 2010. pH, conductivity, Cl-, , Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were determined. In MC, sulphate levels were greater than nitrate levels, and NH4 had mixed sources (vehicular emissions and agriculture activities). MAM had markedly alkaline atmospheric deposition, Na+ and Cl-levels were unexpectedly high, especially during hurricane “Alex”. Low pH values were found in ECNP and nitrate concentrations were high, suggesting the influence of a local source (forest fires). Deposition fluxes (***-1yr-1) for N-NO3, N-NH4 and S-SO4 were 1.36, 2.74 and 4.84 for MAM;7.27, 0.57 and 4.32 for ECNP;and 5.97, 4.96 and 6.78 for MC, respectively. Nitrogen deposition fluxes in ECNP were high considering that this site is a natural reserve.

关键词： Acid Deposition Mexican Atmospheric Deposition Network Mexico Wet Deposition Wet Deposition Fluxes

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Synthesis of Solid Acid Catalysts Based on TiO2- SO42-and Pt/TiO2- SO42-Applied in n-Hexane Isomerization

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Open Journal of Metal 2013年第3期3卷 34-44页

作者： Juan Manuel Hernández Enríquez Luz Aracely Cortez Lajas Ricardo García Alamilla Estefanía ángeles San Martín Pedro García Alamilla Edward Brent Handy guadalupe Cárdenas Galindo Luz Arcelia García Serrano CIEP Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Av. Dr. Manuel Nava #6 Zona Universitaria 78210 San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí México Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo 30 de Junio #1520 Barrio La Laguna Ticomán 07340 México D.F. México Instituto Tecnológico de Cd. Madero División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Juventino Rosas y Jesús Urueta S/N Col. Los Mangos 89440 Cd. Madero Tamaulipas México Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias Avenida Universidad S/N Zona Cultura Colonia Magisterial 86040 Villahermosa Tabasco México

The physicochemical properties and catalytic activity of pure and sulfated titanium oxide (TiO2 and ) is described in this work. Titanium hydroxide synthesized by the sol-gel method was impregnated with a 1 N H2SO4 solution, varying amount of sulfate ions () in the range from 10 to 20 wt%. Pure and modified hydroxides were calcined at 500°C for 3 h and then characterized by TGA-DTG, XRD, BET, FT-IR, potentiometric titration with n-butylamine and 2-propanol dehydration. Catalytic activity of materials was tested in the n-hexane isomerization at 350°C. The results showed that TiO2 and mainly developed anatase phase. All have acceptable specific surface area (95-105 m2/g). Potentiometric titration with n-butylamine revealed that showed higher acidity (430-530 mV) than compared to pure TiO2 (﹣15 mV), indicating that this oxide only has weak acidity. The results showed good relationship between acidity determined by potentiometric titration with n-butylamine and the catalytic activity evaluated by 2-propanol dehydration and n-hexane isomerization. Titanium oxide with 20 wt% ofions was the material that demonstrated the highest catalytic activity for both reactions.

关键词： Acid Catalysts Sulfated Titanium Oxide Physico-Chemical Properties n-Hexane Isomerization

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Transcraneal Magnetic Stimulation Improves Sleep Parameters in Patients Affected with Imsomnia Associated to Electroencephalographic Abnormalities

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 72-77页

作者： Oscar Sánchez-Escandón Yoaly Arana-Lechuga guadalupe Terán-Pérez ángel Ruiz-Chow Enrique Esqueda-Leon Rosa Obdulia González-Robles Paul Shkurovich-Bialik Miguel ángel Collado-Corona Javier Velázquez-Moctezuma American British Cowdray Medical Center Neurological Center Santa Fe Campus Ciudad de México México Mathematics Department Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Ciudad de México México Psychiatry Department Hospital General Naval de Alta Especialidad Ciudad de México México Sleep Disorders Clinic Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Ciudad de México México

Insomnia is one of the most frequently observed sleep disorders, affecting nearly 10% of the general population. It has multiple etiological factors. Recently, it has been reported that EEG abnormalities are associated with insomnia in patients previously diagnosed as idiopathic insomniacs. In addition, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has shown to be effective in the treatment of disorders characterized by neural hyper-excitability. Method: In the present study, patients with insomnia and EEG abnormalities were submitted to slow repetitive trans-cranial magnetic stimulation, for 15 minutes daily during 10 days. Polysomnographic recordings were performed before and after TMS. Results: The results indicate that the presence of EEG abnormalities significantly decreased after TMS. In addition, most of the sleep parameters showed significant improvement. Conclusions: These data support the notion that TMS is a reliable therapeutic tool for patients affected with abnormalities linked to neuronal hyper-excitability.

关键词： Insomnia Transcraneal Magnetic Stimulation EEG Abnormalities Hyperexcitability Sleep Architecture Polysomnographic

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Quick Review and Technical Approach for Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface Surgery

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2023年第4期13卷 126-131页

作者： Obed H Grajeda Chávez Andres Gallardo Castillo Samantha Colchado Mariscal Xunaxi guadalupe Vázquez Orozco Dulce Sánchez Dauth Carlos Javier Mata Quintero Jorge Montalvo Hernández Ricardo Palacios Merino Minerva Irene Hernandez Cristian Diaz Solleiro Department of Surgery Pemex Hospital Central Norte Mexico City Mexico

Regenerative peripheral nerve interface RPNI’s surgery was originally designed for prosthetic control. RPNI’s has demonstrated to be an effective tool to prevent neuroma formation by providing free muscle grafts as physiological targets for peripheral nerve ingrowth. Nerve transection injuries can result in painful neuromas that adversely affect patient recovery. This is especially significant following amputation surgeries, but they can also be used in surgeries in which the nerves can be visualized with a noticeable lesion. The first series of patients undergoing RPNI implantation for treatment of symptomatic postamputation neuromas was published in 2016. The series included a report of 46 patients undergoing RPNI. The clinical outcomes of RPNI have been optimistic with a reduction in neuroma pain up to 73% and phantom pain reduction of 53% along the uniformly high patient satisfaction. Since then, studies have been expanded, and knowledge regarding physiology has increased, providing us with new tools for a better understanding and giving these procedures more benefits and applications.

关键词： Component Formatting Style Styling Insert

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Empathy Levels of Dental Students of Central America and the Caribbean

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Health 2015年第12期7卷 1678-1686页

作者： Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez Ana María Erazo Coronado Jorge Luis Bilbao Farith González Mariela Padilla Madeline Howard guadalupe Silva Joel Arboleda Mirian Bullen Robert Utsman Elizabeth Fajardo Luz Marina Alonso Marcos Cervantes Facultad de Odontología Universidad San Sebastián Santiago Chile Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago Chile Universidad Metropolitana Barranquilla Colombia Facultad de Medicina Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla y Fundación Universitaria San Martín Sede Puerto Colombia Barranquilla Colombia Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Cartagena Cartagena Colombia Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología San José Costa Rica Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Universidad Central del Este San Pedro de Macorís República Dominicana Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Panamá Ciudad de Panamá República de Panamá Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad del Tolima Ibagué Colombia División de Salud Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Sociales Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia

Objective: The aim of this study is to check whether there are differences in the distribution of empathy levels in dental students from nine faculties of dentistry Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica and Dominican Republic. Methods: The levels of empathy and matrices of empathy construct matrices are estimated dental students by using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, the Spanish version for students (S version) culturally validated in Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica and Dominican Republic measured by arbitrator criteria. Cronbach α is estimated. Data of empathic orientation of the studied factors between faculties are analyzed and compared by ANOVA and Duncan test and matrices of empathy construct using discriminant analysis. Results: We find that there are differences in levels of empathy between universities, courses, gender and interaction between the Dental Faculty (University) and Course. The comparison between matrices shows unexplained variances and differences observed between the levels of empathy in student populations. Conclusions: Variability in empathy is observed in the studied factors and among student populations. The variability is an empirical finding, but is not possible in this work, to explain why.

关键词： Empathy Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) Levels of Empathy

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Behavioral parameters of six populations of/Wecavs phyllosomus longipennis(Heteroptera:Reduviidae)from areas with high and low prevalences of Trypanosoma cruzi human infection

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 850-860页

作者： Jose Alejandro Martinez-lbarra Benjamin Nogueda-Torres Oziel Dante Montanez-Valdez J.guadalupe Michel-Parra Miguel Angel Ambriz-Santos Laboratories de Entomologia Medica Centro Universitario del SurUniversidad de GuadalajaraCiudad GuzmanJaliscoMexico Cuerpo Academico de Cuencas Humedales y SustentabilidadDepartamento de Ciencias de la NaturalezaCentro Universitario del SurUniversidad de GuadalajaraCiudad GuzmanJaliscoMexico Becario de COFAA Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BioldgicasInstituto Politecnico NacionalCiudad de MexicoMexico

Three behaviors of epidemiological importance,namely feeding latency,feeding duration and defecation latency,for six populations of Meccus phyllosomus longipennis(Usinger)from areas of central,western and north-central Mexico with high(HP)and low(LP)prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi(Chagas)human infection were evaluated in this *** median feeding latency(the time taken to begin feeding)was highly variable between ***-instar comparisons showed that at least 65%of the LP populations(N3 to adult)started to feed significantly(P<0.05)later than the HP population,with N1 showing no difference,and N2 from LP populations feeding sooner than those from HP *** six populations had similar median feeding durations within instars.A higher(P<0.05)percentage of the instars from HP populations defecated faster than the respective instars from the three LP *** 25%of the young nymphs(N1 to N3)and females in the HP populations defecated<2 min postfeeding,compared with 4%-6%of the young nymphs and 1.3%-3%of females in the LP ***,17.7%-38.8%of the older nymphs(N4 to N5)in the HP populations and 6.8%-13.4%in the LP populations defecated during or immediately after *** results indicate that the HP populations have a greater potential than the LP populations to transmit *** infections,which may underlie the differences in the prevalence of *** infection in some areas where M *** is currently distributed.

关键词： Chagas disease Meccus phyllosomus longipennis populations Mexico Tri-atominae Trypanosoma cruzi vectorial capacity

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The mechanism of dysbiosis in alcoholic liver disease leading to liver cancer

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第2期6卷 20-32页

作者： Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Alejandro Valencia-Rodríguez Alfonso Vera-Barajas Ludovico Abenavoli Emidio Scarpellini guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez David Q.-H.Wang Liver Research Unit Medica Sur Clinic&FoundationMexico City 14050Mexico Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of MexicoMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Health Sciences University“Magna Graecia”Viale EuropaCatanzaro 88100Italy Clinical Nutrition Unit and Internal Medicine Unit“Madonna del Soccorso”General HospitalVia Luciano Manara 7San Benedetto del Tronto(AP)63074Italy Public Health Department Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Medicine and Genetics Division of Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesMarion Bessin Liver Research CenterEinstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461USA

Currently, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide, representing one of the main etiologies of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although we do not know the exact mechanisms by which only a selected group of patients with ALD progress to the final stage of HCC, the role of the gut microbiota within the progression to HCC has been intensively studied in recent years. To date, we know that alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis is an important feature of ALD with important repercussions on the severity of this disease. In essence, an increased metabolism of ethanol in the gut induced by an excessive alcohol consumption promotes gut dysfunction and bacterial overgrowth, setting a leaky gut. This causes the translocation of bacteria, endotoxins, and ethanol metabolites across the enterohepatic circulation reaching the liver, where the recognition of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns via specific Toll-like receptors of liver cells will induce the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, which releases pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In addition, the mitogenic activity of hepatocytes will be promoted and cellular apoptosis will be inhibited, resulting in the development of HCC. In this context, it is not surprising that microbiota-regulating drugs have proven effectiveness in prolonging the overall survival of patients with HCC, making attractive the implementation of these drugs as co-adjuvant for HCC treatment.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease gut microbiota dysbiosis hepatocellular carcinoma

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