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Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： Do-Hun Lee Dan Cao Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

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In-situ growth of heterophase Ni nanocrystals on graphene for enhanced catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1230-1237页

作者： Jiahao Zhuang feng He Xianglin Liu Pengchao Si Fangna gu Jing xu Yu Wang guangwen xu Ziyi Zhong Fabing Su School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Chemical Engineering Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology(GTIIT)Shantou 515063China Technion-Israel Institute of Technology(IIT) Haifa 32000Israel

Generating heterophase structures in nanomaterials,e.g.,heterophase metal nanocrystals,is an effective way to tune their physicochemical properties because of their high-energy nature and unique electronic environment of the generated ***,the direct synthesis of heterophase metal nanocrystals remains a great challenge due to their unstable ***,we report the in situar direct synthesis of heterophase Ni nanocrystals on *** heterostructure of face-centered cubic(fee)and hexagonal close-packed(hep)phase was generated via the epitaxial growth of hep Ni and the partial transformation of fee Ni and stabilized by the anchoring effect of graphene toward fee Ni nanocrystal and the preferential adsorption of surfactant polyethylenimine(PEI)toward epitaxial hep *** with the fee Ni nanocrystals grown on graphene,the heterophase(fcc/hcp)Ni nanocrystals in situ grown on graphene showed a greatly improved catalytic activity and reusability in 4-nitrophenol(4-NP)reduction to 4-aminophenol(4-AP).The measured apparent rate constant and the activity parameter were 2.958 min^(-1) and 102 min^(-1)·mg^(-1),respectively,higher than that of the best reported non-noble metal catalysts and most noble metal *** control experiments and density functional theory calculations reveal that the interface of the fee and hep phases enhances the adsorption of substrate 4-NP and thus facilitates the reaction *** work proves the novel idea for the rational design of heterophase metal nanocrystals by employing the synergistic effect of surfactant and support,and also the potential of creating the heterostructure for enhancing their catalytic reactivity.

关键词： heterophase structure Ni nanocrystals graphene 4-nitrophenol(4-NP)reduction catalysts

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Determining the optimum range of soil Olsen P for high P use efficiency, crop yield, and soil fertility in three typical cropland soils

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Pedosphere 2020年第6期30卷 832-843页

作者： Qihua WU Shuxiang ZHANG gu feng Ping ZHU Shaomin HUANG Boren WANG Minggang xu Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable LandBeijing 100081China guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute (Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute)/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Improvement and BiorefineryGuangzhou 510316China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Centre of Agricultural Environment and Resources Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130033China Institute of Plant Nutrition Resources and EnvironmentHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002China

Soil Olsen P level has a major influence on crop yield,efficient P utilization,and soil *** this study,the optimum Olsen P range was determined from long-term(1990–2012)field experiments in three typical soil types of China under single cropping of maize or double cropping of maize and *** critical soil Olsen P value for crop yield was evaluated using three different models,and the relationships among P use efficiency(PUE),Olsen P,and total P were *** agronomic critical soil Olsen P values obtained from the three models for the neutral soil of Gongzhuling and the calcareous soil of Zhengzhou were similar;however,the values from the linear-linear and linear-plateau models for both maize and wheat were substantially lower than those from the Mitscherlich model for the acidic soil of *** PUE response change rates(linear equation slopes)under different soil Olsen P levels were small,indicating slight or no changes in the PUE as the soil Olsen P increased in all three soils.A comparison of the Olsen P levels that achieved the maximal PUE with the agronomic critical values derived from the three models indicated that the linear-plateau model exhibited the best *** regression equation coefficients of Olsen P response to total P decreased as follows:Zhengzhou(73 mg g-1)>Qiyang(65 mg g-1)>Gongzhuling(55 mg g-1).The Olsen P level increased as the total P increased,which may result in a decrease in *** achieve a relatively high crop yield,PUE,and soil fertility,the optimum Olsen P range should be 13–40,10–40,and 29–40 mg kg-1 at Gongzhuling,Zhengzhou,and Qiyang,respectively.

关键词： critical Olsen P value efficient P utilization long-term fertilization P management response curve soil type

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An Unprecedented Efficiency with Approaching 21%Enabled by Additive‑Assisted Layer‑by‑Layer Processing in Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 372-375页

作者： Shuai xu Youdi Zhang Yanna Sun Pei Cheng Zhaoyang Yao Ning Li Long Ye Lijian Zuo Ke Gao Key Laboratory of Advanced Green Functional Materials College of ChemistryChangchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130032People’s Republic of China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237People’s Republic of China College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‑Organic Chemistry Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071People’s Republic of China Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

Recently published in Joule,feng Liu and colleagues from Shanghai Jiaotong University reported a record-breaking 20.8%power conversion efficiency in organic solar cells(OSCs)with an interpenetrating fibril network active layer morphology,featuring a bulk p-in structure and proper vertical segregation achieved through additive-assisted layer-by-layer *** optimized hierarchical gradient fibrillar morphology and optical management synergistically facilitates exciton diffusion,reduces recombination losses,and enhances light capture *** approach not only offers a solution to achieving high-efficiency devices but also demonstrates the potential for commercial applications of OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Additive-assisted layer-by-layer processing Three-dimensional fibril morphology Bulk p-i-n structure Optical management

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两株干酪乳杆菌的安全性评价

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食品与发酵科技 2015年第2期51卷 63-65页

作者：顾旭峰艾连中宋馨夏永军王光强上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院上海200093

干酪乳杆菌X-29和X-15是两株分离于黄酒浸米浆水中的乳酸菌,这两株菌均具有高的水解淀粉活性。本实验主要是评价这两株菌的安全性,为其应用于发酵米制品提供安全性保障。通过急性毒性实验、耐药性实验、有害代谢产物和溶血实验,确定这... 详细信息

干酪乳杆菌X-29和X-15是两株分离于黄酒浸米浆水中的乳酸菌,这两株菌均具有高的水解淀粉活性。本实验主要是评价这两株菌的安全性,为其应用于发酵米制品提供安全性保障。通过急性毒性实验、耐药性实验、有害代谢产物和溶血实验,确定这两株菌株是否具备安全性。结果表明该两株菌株不会引起急性毒性和易位现象;不产生有害代谢产物;对大部分常见抗生素没有耐药性;不会产生溶血现象。通过对这两株菌的安全性评价可知干酪乳杆菌X-29和X-15是安全的。

关键词：干酪乳杆菌安全性评价耐药性有害代谢产物急性毒性实验

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Current Challenges for the Practical Application of Electroencephalography-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces

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Engineering 2021年第12期7卷 1710-1712页

作者： Minpeng xu feng He Tzyy-Ping Jung Xiaosong gu Dong Ming Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA 92093USA Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education Co-Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong 226001China

It has been almost 50 years since the term“brain–computer interface”(BCI)was first proposed by Jacques *** in 1973[1].Unlike traditional electronic interfaces that transmit nonliving information between devices,BCIs set up a communication bridge between a living brain and nonliving *** speaking,a BCI is a system that measures brain activity and converts it into the artificial outputs that replace,restore,enhance,supplement,or improve the natural central nervous system outputs[2].At present,electroencephalography(EEG)is the most commonly used brain signal for BCIs.

关键词： replace convert system

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Control of Austenite Characteristics and Ferrite Formation Mechanism by Multiple-Cyclic Annealing in Quenching and Partitioning Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第7期35卷 1143-1156页

作者： Fei Peng Yunbo xu Xingli gu College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Technology Center of Angang Steel Co. Ltd.Anshan 114009China

Quenching and partitioning(Q&P)treatment is a novel method to produce advanced high strength steel with excellent mechanical *** this study,combination of multiple-cyclic annealing and Q&P process was compared with traditional cold-rolled Q&P steel to investigate the microstructural characteristics and austenite *** results showed that retained austenite in traditional Q&P sample was principally located in the exterior of austenite transformation products,while those in multiple-cyclic annealing samples were mainly distributed inside the transformation *** the increase in cyclic annealing number,both of austenite fraction and austenite carbon content increased,attributing to higher initial austenite carbon content and larger number of austenite/neighbored phase interface to act as carbon partitioning *** traditional Q&P sample,the deformed ferrite was recrystallized by sub-grain coalescence,while the austenite was newly nucleated and grew up during annealing *** a comparison,the ferrite in multiple-cycle annealing samples was formed by means of three routes:tempered martensite that completely recovered with retention of interior martensite variant,epitaxial ferrite that formed on basis of tempered martensite,ferrite that newly nucleated and grew up during the final annealing *** of lath martensite and twin martensite were formed as initial martensite and then tempered during partitioning process to precipitateεcarbide with C enrichment,Mn enrichment and homogeneous Si *** with the traditional cold-rolled Q&P steel,the Q&P specimens after multiple-cyclic annealing show smaller strength and much larger elongation,ascribing to the coarser microstructure and more efficient transformation induced plasticity(TRIP)effect deriving from retained austenite with high carbon content and larger volume *** application of double annealing treatment can optimize the mechanical properties of Q&P steel to

关键词： Quenching and partitioning Cyclic annealing Ferrite formation Retained austenite

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Performance characterization of ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 923-930页

作者： xu HaiPeng SHEN ZeQun gu guoYing Robotics Institute School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Ionic hydrogels,owing to the advantages of stretchability,conductivity and transparency,have attracted more attention for developing new soft sensors and artificial *** works on ionic-hydrogel based sensors mostly focus on material synthesis,structure design and functional integration,while few studies investigate the characterization of their sensing *** this paper,we present a method to characterize the performance(e.g.,sensitivity,linearity and repeatability)of a kind of ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors by varying the testing frequencies and the sensors’geometry(e.g.,length-width(L/W)ratio).To this end,we first develop an experimental testing platform and fabricate a series of strain sensors made of the polyacrylamide(PAAm)hydrogel containing ionic conductive *** establish an equivalent electrical model to represent the ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors,indicating the influence of the testing frequencies and L/W ratio of the ionic hydrogels on their sensing *** theoretical predictions are in agreement with results obtained through experimental *** further demonstrate that(1)the sensitivity of the strain sensors,characterized by the gauge factor(GF),increases with the rise of testing frequencies but tends to be stable over the frequency of 5 kHz;(2)the sensitivity GF has a nonlinear relation with the L/W ratio of the strain sensors,but with a certain maximum value under the same testing frequency when the L/W ratio equals to *** verify the above experimental observations with two commonly used electrolytes,including lithium chloride and sodium *** the optimum testing frequency and L/W ratio,we finally conduct various experiments to demonstrate the low hysteresis and good repeatability of our ionic-hydrogel based strain *** work provides an approach to characterize the performance of the ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors,which may be an important step forward in further applicatio

关键词： ionic hydrogels sensor characterization large-strain sensor stretchable electronics

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Seasonal Characteristics of Forecasting Uncertainties in Surface PM_(2.5)Concentration Associated with Forecast Lead Time over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 801-816页

作者： Qiuyan DU Chun ZHAO Jiawang feng Zining YANG Jiamin xu Jun gu Mingshuai ZHANG Mingyue xu Shengfu LIN Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Forecasting uncertainties among meteorological fields have long been recognized as the main limitation on the accuracy and predictability of air quality ***,the particular impact of meteorological forecasting uncertainties on air quality forecasts specific to different seasons is still not well *** this study,a series of forecasts with different forecast lead times for January,April,July,and October of 2018 are conducted over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region and the impacts of meteorological forecasting uncertainties on surface PM_(2.5)concentration forecasts with each lead time are *** increased lead time,the forecasted PM_(2.5)concentrations significantly change and demonstrate obvious seasonal *** general,the forecasting uncertainties in monthly mean surface PM_(2.5)concentrations in the BTH region due to lead time are the largest(80%)in spring,followed by autumn(~50%),summer(~40%),and winter(20%).In winter,the forecasting uncertainties in total surface PM_(2.5)mass due to lead time are mainly due to the uncertainties in PBL heights and hence the PBL mixing of anthropogenic primary *** spring,the forecasting uncertainties are mainly from the impacts of lead time on lower-tropospheric northwesterly winds,thereby further enhancing the condensation production of anthropogenic secondary particles by the long-range transport of natural *** summer,the forecasting uncertainties result mainly from the decrease in dry and wet deposition rates,which are associated with the reduction of near-surface wind speed and precipitation *** autumn,the forecasting uncertainties arise mainly from the change in the transport of remote natural dust and anthropogenic particles,which is associated with changes in the large-scale circulation.

关键词： PM_(2.5) forecasting uncertainties forecast lead time meteorological fields Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui xu Fuqiang Hu Jiao Dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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