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Multiple factors correlating with wing malformations in the population of Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) restituted from a low number of individuals: A mini review

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 380-387页

作者： Karolina Pierzynowska Marta Skowron Volponi grzegorz wegrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland

The Apollo butterfly, Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus), was common in Europe over 100 years ago, but currently it is considered as near threatened. Different conservation programs have promoted the persistence of this species;however, it is still endangered. An example of such programs was the action devoted to reestablish the Apollo butterfly population in Pieniny National Park (Poland) from only 20-30 individuals which had survived till the last decade of the 20th century. This reintroduction has been successful;however, unexpected developmental problems appeared. Butterflies with deformed or reduced wings became frequent in the population living in the natural habitat, and particularly among those reared under seminatural conditions (in the same environment, but fenced by a net). Until recently, reasons for these malformations remained unknown. However, reports published during last months indicated that there are genetic, biochemical, and microbiological factors contributing to this phenomenon. In the malformed individuals, lesions in the wingless gene and dysfunctions of laccase 1 and 2 were found to be significantly more frequent than in normal insects. A large fraction of butterflies with deformed or reduced wings was devoid of the prokaryotic symbiont Wolbachia, which was present in most normal individuals. Moreover, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Pfeiffer) Smith and Thai, and Serratia sp., bacteria pathogenic to insects, were detected in the biological material from both normal and malformed butterflies from this population. These findings are summarized and discussed in this review, in the light of conservation of insects and restitution of their populations from a low number of individuals.

关键词： Apollo butterfly laccases malformed wings population reconstitution wingless gene Wolbachia

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gFACs:Gene Filtering,Analysis,and Conversion to Unify Genome Annotations Across Alignment and Gene Prediction Frameworks

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第3期17卷 305-310页

作者： Madison Caballero Jill wegrzyn Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut

Published genomes frequently contain erroneous gene models that represent issues associated with identification of open reading frames,start sites,splice sites,and related structural features.The source of these inconsistencies is often traced back to integration across text file formats designed to describe long read alignments and predicted gene structures.In addition,the majority of gene prediction frameworks do not provide robust downstream filtering to remove problematic gene annotations,nor do they represent these annotations in a format consistent with current file standards.These frameworks also lack consideration for functional attributes,such as the presence or absence of protein domains that can be used for gene model validation.To provide oversight to the increasing number of published genome annotations,we present a software package,the Gene Filtering,Analysis,and Conversion(gFACs),to filter,analyze,and convert predicted gene models and alignments.The software operates across a wide range of alignment,analysis,and gene prediction files with a flexible framework for defining gene models with reliable structural and functional attributes.gFACs supports common downstream applications,including genome browsers,and generates extensive details on the filtering process,including distributions that can be visualized to further assess the proposed gene space.gFACs is freely available and implemented in Perl with support from BioPerl libraries at https://***/PlantGenomicsLab/gFACs.

关键词： Genome annotation Bioinformatics Protein annotation Gene prediction Alignment

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食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征:并非真的罕见!

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中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志 2018年第1期12卷 107-108页

作者： Anna Nowak-wegrzyn Jonathan M.Spergel 李丽莎钱家鸣杨红不详中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态(过敏)反应科中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院消化内科

在本期《变态反应与临床免疫学杂志》中,Mehr 等[1] 报道了一项在澳大利亚人群中进行的关于食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征（foodprotein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, FPIES）的调查结果,帮助我们深入了解FPIES 的发病率和临床特点。

关键词：食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征患病率发病率流行病学食物过敏牛奶过敏

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人小肠上皮细胞CD23a介导的IgE-抗原复合物的转胞作用及其在食物变态反应中的作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 21-22页

作者： Nowak-wegrzyn A. Charlop-Powers Z. M.C. Berin 刘丽娜 Department of Pediatrics Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York NY United States

Background &Aims: Secreted immunoglobulins play an integral role in host defense at mucosal surfaces, and recent evidence shows that IgG can participate in antigen sampling from the intestinal lumen. We examined whether IgE also could facilitate transepithelial antigen sampling. Methods: Stool samples from food-allergic patients undergoing oral food challenge were analyzed for CD23 and food-specific IgE. CD23 isoform expression on primary human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. The role of CD23 isoforms in transcytosis of antigen and IgE-antigen complexes was assessed using polarized human T84 cells retrovirally transfected with CD23a or CD23b. Results: CD23 was expressed constitutively on IECs, and food-allergic patients had increased levels of soluble CD23 and food-specific IgE in the stool after challenge. CD23a, but not CD23b, was expressed by primary human IECs. We show in transcytosis assays that CD23a, but not CD23b, acts as a bidirectional transporter of IgE. In addition, specific IgE facilitated the uptake of antigen from the apical surface of an epithelial monolayer by diverting antigen from delivery to lysosomes. Finally, delivery of antigen-IgE complexes across the epithelial barrier could induce the degranulation of rat basophil leukemia cells transfected with the human high-affinity IgE receptor. Conclusions: These studies show that CD23a is expressed normally on human IECs, and in the presence of IgE can function as an antigen-sampling mechanism capable of activating subepithelial mast cells. IgE may serve as a secretory immunoglobulin that in concert with CD23 participates in food-induced pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract.

关键词：食物变态反应 CD23a IgE 抗原复合物转胞小肠上皮细胞食物过敏免疫球蛋白聚合酶链反应

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共济失调毛细血管扩张患儿的免疫缺陷和感染

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 22-23页

作者： Nowak- wegrzyn A. Crawford T.O. Winkelstein J.A. H.M. Lederman 贺莉 Eudowood Div. Pediat. Allerg. I. Johns Hopkins Hospital CMSC 1102 600 N Wolfe St. Baltimore MD 21287- 3923 United States Dr.

Objective: To characterize the immunodeficiency in ataxia- telangiectasia (A - T) and to determine whether the immunodeficiency is progressive and associate d with increased susceptibility to infections. Study design: Records of 100 cons ecutive patients with A- T from the Johns Hopkins Ataxia- Telangiectasia Clini cal Center (ATCC) were reviewed. Results: Immunoglobulin (Ig) deficiencies are c ommon, affecting IgG4 in 65% of patients, IgA in 63% , IgG2 in 48% , IgE in 23% , and IgG in 18% . Lymphopenia affected 71% of patients, with reduced B - lymphocyte number in 75% , CD4 T lymphocytes in 69% , and CD8 T lymphocytes in 51% . There was no trend for increased frequency or severity of immune abno rmalities with age. Recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections were frequent: otitismedia in 46% of patients, sinusitis in 27% , bronchitis in 19 % , and pneumonia in 15% . Sepsis occurred in 5 patients, in 2 patients concur rent with cancer chemotherapy. Warts affected 17% of patients, herpes simplex 8% , molluscum contagiosum 5% , candidal esophagitis 3% , and herpes zoster 2 % . Uncomplicated varicella infection occurred in 44% of patients; 2 patients had more than one clinical episode. No patient had Pneumocystis jerovici pneumo nia or a complication of live viral vaccine. Conclusions: In spite of the high p revalence of laboratory immunologic abnormalities, systemic bacterial, severe vi ral, and opportunistic infec tions are uncommon in AT. Cross- sectional analysis suggests that the immune defect is rarely progressive.

关键词：免疫缺陷淋巴细胞减少淋巴水肿机会性感染免疫球蛋白 IgG 传染性软疣念珠菌性食管炎共济失调临床中心

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