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Analysis Method for Predicting Strain in Interior Beds and Sub-resolution Faults from Area Balance Theory in Extensional Basins

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2002年第4期13卷 313-320页

作者： groshong jr r h Department of Geological Sciences

Extensional basins include mainly grabens and half grabens displaced along alower detachment. Based on area balance theory, there is a linear relationship between a height ofregional and the lower detachment h on the outside of the basin and 'lost area S' from the regionalin the basin. The pre-growth beds above lower detachment are of the same extensional displacement sothat an 'S-h diagram' can be used to determine the depth to lower detachment and to calculate thetotal extensional displacement of the beds above the lower detachment. The extensional displacementis dominated by the heave of various scale normal faults. The displacement of obvious faults can beimmediately figured out from the measured bed-length. The requisite extension calculated by areabalance is the layer-parallel strain, which could be accommodated by displacement on sub-resolutionfaults. Accordingly, the layer-parallel strain can help us predict the magnitude and distribution ofsub-resolution faults on the basis of analysis of the structural style and rheological behavior.

关键词： area balance extensional strain sub-resolution fault graben halfgraben S-h diagram

higher-Order Interactions： Understanding the knowledge capacity of social groups using simplicial sets

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 114-127页

作者： Bradford r GrEENING jr Noa PINTEr-WOLLMAN Nina h FEFFErMAN Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA BioCircuits Institute University of Califomia at San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. Mail Code 0328 La Jolla CA 92093 USA DIMACS Rutgers University 96 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

A predominant benefit of social living is the ability to share knowledge that cannot be gained through the information an individual accumulates based on its personal experience alone. Traditional computational models have portrayed sharing knowledge through interactions among members of social groups via dyadic networks. Such models aim at understanding the percolation of information among individuals and groups to identify potential limitations to successful knowledge transfer. how- ever, because many real-world interactions are not solely pairwise, i.e., several group members may obtain information from one another simultaneously, it is necessary to understand more than dyadic communication and learning processes to capture their full complexity. We detail a modeling framework based on the simplicial set, a concept from algebraic topology, which allows elegant encapsulation of multi-agent interactions. Such a model system allows us to analyze how individual information within groups accumulates as the group＇s collective set of knowledge, which may be different than the simple union of individually contained information. Furthermore, the simplicial modeling approach we propose allows us to investigate how information accumulates via sub-group interactions, offering insight into complex aspects of multi-way communication systems. The fundamental change in modeling strategy we offer here allows us to move from portraying knowledge as a ＂token＂, passed from signaler to receiver, to portraying knowledge as a set of accumulating building blocks from which novel ideas can emerge. We provide an explanation of relevant mathematical concepts in a way that promotes accessibility to a general audience [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 114--127, 2015].

关键词： Collective decision making Communication Cultural transmission Information flow Simplex Social learning

3-D Structural Geology 2nd ed. 2006

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Detection of Arterial Occlusions Using Viscoelastic Wave Propagation

2006年

作者： richard h. groshong

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第1期1卷 1-28页

作者： h.T.Banks J.r.Samuels,jr. Center for research in Scientific Computation North Carolina State UniversityCampus Box 8212RaleighNC 27695-8212USA

We consider the problem of detecting cardiac artery occlusions using stenosis driven viscoelastic(VE)waves propagated through biotissue to body surface *** investigate possible statistical model formulations(ordinary least squares(OLS),generalized least squares(GLS))and post analysis techniques(residual plots)to ascertain uncertainty in estimates as well as validity of the statistical models as part of a methodology for stenosis detection using viscoelastic waves.

关键词： Inverse problems viscoelastic models wave propagation in biotissue statistical models

roles of Financial Innovation and Information Technology:Lessons from US Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis and Its Implications for China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第3期22卷 343-355页

作者： James h LENZEr jr Simon Xiaobin ZhAO International Center for China Development Studies & Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciencesthe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The mortgage loan has evolved from a local lending instrument into a major global security and its role is unparallel to other financial instruments in the process of financial globalization. This paper explains how technology and financial innovation transformed the mortgage loan from a local security into a premier global security traded worldwide. It examines the fundamental flaws of this process and why it does not work in regards to mortgage lending and the re-securitization products that were created through financial innovation. The findings show that regulation was unable to keep pace with financial innovation, which created an environment where actors in the financial service sector were able to behave geographically irresponsibly by using information asymmetries to their advantage by par- ticipating in moral hazard activities and engaging in other immoral and unethical business practices that were centered around localized geography, which ultimately contributed to the global financial crisis. It also examines the roll of financial innovation in regard to the Lehman Brothers Mini-Bond in hung and its role as a driving force behind China＇s newly emerging shadow banking sector. It concludes with a policy recommendation and its implication for China＇s continued economic development.

关键词： shadow banking US sub-prime mortgage crisis financial tsunami global financial crisis wealth man- agement vehicle China asset bubble

CD40 interacts directly with rAG1 and rAG2 in autoaggressive T cells and Fas prevents CD40-induced rAG expression

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第6期10卷 483-489页

作者： Gisela M Vaitaitis David h Wagner jr Department of Medicine and Webb-Waring Center University of Colorado Denver Aurora CO USA

CD4＋ T cells expressing CD40 （Th40 cells） constitute a pathogenic T-cell subset that is necessary and sufficient to transfer autoimmune disease. We have previously demonstrated that CD40 signals peripheral Th40 cells to induce rAG1 and rAG2 expression, proteins necessary for the expression of T-cell receptor （TCr）, leading to TCr revision. The dependency of TCr expression in the thymus on rAG proteins has long been known. however, despite numerous publications, there is controversy as to whether TCr expression can be altered in the periphery, post-thymic selective pressures. Therefore, a better understanding of TCr expression in primary peripheral cells is needed. We now show that the CD40 protein itself interacts with rAG1 and rAG2 as well as with Ku70 and translocates to the nucleus in Th40 cells. This indicates that the CD40 molecule is closely involved in the mechanism of TCr expression in the periphery. In addition, Fas signals act as a silencing mechanism for CD40-induced rAGs and prevent CD40 translocation to the nucleus. It will be important to further understand the involvement of CD40 in peripheral TCr expression and how TCr revision impacts auto-antigen recognition in order to effectively target and tolerize autoaggressive T cells in autoimmune disease.

关键词： autoimmunity CD40 Fas rAG T-cell receptor

Enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis:A review of the current evidence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16123-16131页

作者： Attila Oláh Laszlo romics jr Department of Surgery Petz Aladár Teaching HospitalH-9023 Gy?rHungary Department of Surgery Glasgow Victoria InfirmaryGlasgow G42 9TYUnited Kingdom

The use of enteral feeding as part of the management of acute pancreatitis dates back almost two *** review describes the indications for and limitations of enteral feeding for the treatment of acute pancreatitis using up-to-date evidence-based data.A systematic review was carried out to analyse current data on the use of enteral nutrition in the management of acute *** literature was analysed from the viewpoints of enteral vs parenteral feeding,early vs delayed enteral nutrition,nasogastric vs nasojejunal feeding,and early oral diet and immunonutrition,particularly glutamine and probiotic ***,current applicable guidelines and the effects of these guidelines on clinical practice are *** latest meta-analyses suggest that enteral nutrition significantly reduces the mortality rate of severe acute pancreatitis compared to parenteral *** maintain gut barrier function and prevent early bacterial translocation,enteral feeding should be commenced within the first 24 h of hospital ***,the safety of nasogastric feeding,which eases the administration of enteral nutrients in the clinical setting,is likely equal to nasojejunal ***,an earlylow-fat oral diet is potentially beneficial in patients with mild *** the initial encouraging results,the current evidence does not support the use of immunoenhanced nutrients or probiotics in patients with acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Enteral nutrition Immunonutrition Probiotics

high-resolution 3-D radar Imaging through Nonuniform Fast Fourier Transform(NUFFT)

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第1期1卷 176-191页

作者： Jiayu Song Qing h.Liu Kangwook Kim Waymond r.Scott,jr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

This paper applies a 3-D nonuniform fast Fourier transform(NUFFT)migration method to image both free-space and buried targets from data collected by a ultra-wideband ground penetrating radar(GPr)*** method incorporates the NUFFT algorithm into 3-D phase shift migration to evaluate the inverse Fourier transform more accurately and more efficiently than the conventional migration ***,the nonuniform nature of the wavenumber space required linear interpolation before the regular fast Fourier transform(FFT)could be ***,linear interpolation usually degrades the quality of reconstructed *** NUFFT method mitigates such errors by using high-order spatial-varying *** NUFFT migration method is utilized to reconstruct GPr images collected in laboratory.A plywood sheet in free space and a buried plexiglas chamber are successfully *** results in 3-D visualization demonstrate the outstanding performance of the method to retrieve the geometry of the *** buried landmines are also scanned and reconstructed using this *** the images resolve the features of the objects well,they can be utilized to assist the landmine discrimination.

关键词： Ground-penetrating radar(GPr) migration interpolation phase shift nonuniform fast Fourier transform(NUFFT)

Phase-field modeling of void evolution and swelling in materials under irradiation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第5期54卷 856-865页

作者： hENAGEr Charles h jr KhALEEL Mohammad Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA

Void swelling is an important phenomenon observed in both nuclear fuels and cladding materials in operating nuclear reactors. In this work we develop a phase-field model to simulate void evolution and void volume change in irradiated materials. Important material processes, including the generation of defects such as vacancies and self-interstitials, their diffusion and annihilation, and void nucleation and evolution, have been taken into account in this model. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties, such as chemical free energy, interfacial energy, vacancy mobility, and annihilation rate of vacancies and interstitials, are expressed as a function of temperature and/or defect concentrations in a general manner. The model allows for parametric studies of critical void nucleus size, void growth kinetics, and void volume fraction evolutions. Our simulations demonstrated that void swelling displays a quasi-bell shape distribution with temperature often observed in experiments.

关键词： radiation void swelling vacancies interstitials phase-field model