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Recent Advancements on Three‑Dimensional Electrospun Nanofiber scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第5期4卷 959-986页

作者： Yujie Chen Xutao Dong Muhammad shafiq gregory Myles Norbert Radacsi Xiumei Mo shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano‑Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversitySongjiangShanghai 201600China school of Engineering Institute for Materials and ProcessesThe University of EdinburghKing’s BuildingsEdinburgh EH93FBUnited Kingdom

Electrospinning is widely accepted as a technique for the fabrication of nanofibrous three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds which mimic extracellular matrix(ECM)microenvironment for tissue engineering(TE).Unlike normal densely-packed two-dimensional(2D)nanofibrous membranes,3D electrospun nanofiber scaffolds are dedicated to more precise spatial control,endowing the scaffolds with a sufficient porosity and 3D environment similar to the in vivo settings as well as optimizing the properties,including injectability,compressibility,and ***,the 3D morphology regulates cellular interaction and mediates growth,migration,and differentiation of cell for matrix *** variation among scaffold structures,functions and applications depends on the selection of electrospinning materials and methods as well as on the post-processing of electrospun *** review summarizes the recent new forms for building electrospun 3D nanofiber scaffolds for TE applications.A variety of approaches aimed at the fabrication of 3D electrospun scaffolds,such as multilay-ering electrospinning,sacrificial agent electrospinning,wet electrospinning,ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning as well as post-processing techniques,including gas foaming,ultrasonication,short fiber assembly,3D printing,electrospraying,and so on are discussed,along with their advantages,limitations and ***,the current challenges and prospects of 3D electrospun scaffolds are rationally discussed,providing an insight into developing the vibrant fields of biomedicine.

关键词： Electrospun Nanofibers Three-dimensional Tissue engineering Regenerative medicine scaffold Polymer

Improving simulations of sulfate aerosols during winter haze over Northern China： the impacts of heterogeneous oxidation by NO2

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 165-175页

作者： Meng Gao gregory R. Carmichael Yuesi Wang Dongsheng Ji Zirui Liu Zifa Wang Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA state Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

We implemented the online coupled WRF-Chem model to reproduce the 2013 January haze event in North China, and evaluated simulated meteorological and chemical fields using multiple observations. The comparisons suggest that temperature and relative humidity （RH） were simulated well （mean biases are 0.2K and 2.7%, respectively）, but wind speeds were overestimated （mean bias is 0.5 m.s -1）. At the Beijing station, sulfur dioxide （sO2） concentrations were overpredicted and sulfhte concentrations were largely underpredicted, which may result from uncertainties in sO2 emissions and missing heterogeneous oxidation in current model. We conducted three parallel experiments to examine the impacts of doubling sO2 emissions and incorporating heterogeneous oxidation of dissolved sO2 by nitrogen dioxide （NO2） on sulfate formation during winter haze. The results suggest that doubling sO2 emissions do not significantly affect sulthte concentrations, but adding heterogeneous oxidation of dissolved sO2 by NO, substantially improve simulations of sulfate and other inorganic aerosols. Although the enhanced sO2 to sulfate conversion in the Hets （heterogeneous oxidation by NO2） case reduces sO2 concentrations, it is still largely overestimated by the model, indicating the overestimations of sO2 concentrations in the North China Plain （NCP） are mostly due to errors in sO2 emission inventory.

关键词： sulfate aerosols Winter haze WRF-Chem Northern China

All-optical switching in silicon photonic waveguides with an epsilon-near-zero resonant cavity [Invited]

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Photonics Research 2018年第5期6卷 I0026-I0030页

作者： ANDREs D.NEIRA gregory A.WURTZ ANATOLY V.ZAYATs Department of Physics King's College London

strong nonlinearity of plasmonic metamaterials can be designed near their effective plasma frequency in the epsilon-near-zero(ENZ) regime. We explore the realization of an all-optical modulator based on the Au nonlinearity using an ENZ cavity formed by a few Au nanorods inside a si photonic waveguide. The resulting modulator has robust performance with a modulation depth of about 30 dB/μm and loss less than 0.8 dB for switching energies below 600 fJ. The modulator provides a double advantage of high mode transmission and strong nonlinearity enhancement in the few-nanorod-based design.

关键词： All-optical switching silicon photonic waveguides an epsilon-near-zero resonant cavity

Efficacy and dose response of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第28期29卷 4451-4465页

作者： Christopher J Martoni shalini srivastava Anders Damholt gregory J Leyer Clinical Development Human HealthChr.Hansen A/SHoersholm 2970Denmark Clinical Development Vedic LifesciencesMumbai 400053India scientific Affairs Human HealthChr.Hansen A/SHoersholm 2970Denmark

BACKGROUND Probiotics have shown promise in alleviating symptoms of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBs-D);however,the certainty of evidence is *** randomized controlled dose-ranging trials are warranted on promising single-strain *** To investigate the clinical efficacy of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum(***)Lpla33(DsM34428)in adults with *** This is a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multi-center,and doseranging *** hundred and seven adults,18-70 years of age,with IBs-D,according to Rome IV criteria,were allocated(1:1:1)to receive placebo or *** Lpla33 at 1×10^(9)(1B)or 1×10^(10)(10B)colony-forming units/d over an 8-wk intervention *** primary outcome was the change in IBs severity scoring system(IBs-sss)total score after 8 wk,while secondary and exploratory outcomes included abdominal pain severity,IBs related quality of life,stool and microbial profile,and perceived *** IBs-sss was significantly reduced,after 8 wk,in participants receiving *** 1B(-128.45±83.30;Pse-ranging effect was observed,with a greater absolute reduction in the *** 10B group(Psub-scores related to abdominal pain,abdominal distension,bowel habits,and quality of life was observed in both *** groups compared to placebo(Ps administered *** 1B and 10B,respectively,were classified as stool consistency responders based on a reduction in diarrheal stool form,as compared to 26.3%in the placebo group(Pst,no significant shifts were observed in microbial *** *** Lpla33(DsM34428)is well tolerated and improves IBs symptom severity with a dose-ranging effect and a corresponding normalization of bowel habits in adults with IBs-D.

关键词： Randomized clinical trial Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome Microbiome Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

A 2-D Kinetic Theory for Flows of Monodomain Polymer-Rod Nanocomposites

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第2期7卷 250-282页

作者： M.gregory Forest Qingqing Liao Qi Wang Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Mathematics University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Department of Mathematics and NanoCenter at UsC University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

We merge classical kinetic theories [M. Doi and s. F. Edwards, The Theoryof Polymer Dynamics, 1986] for viscous dispersions of rigid rods, extended to semi-flexibility [A. R. Khokhlov and A. N. semenov, Macromolecules, 17 (1984), pp. 2678-2685], and for Rouse flexible chains to model the hydrodynamics of polymer nano-rodcomposites (PNCs). A mean-field potential for the polymer-rod interface provides thekey coupling between the two phases. We restrict this first study to two-dimensionalconformational space. We solve the coupled set of smoluchowski equations for threebenchmark experiments. First we explore how rod semi-flexibility and the polymer-rod interface alter the Onsager equilibrium phase diagram. Then we determine mon-odomain phase behavior of PNCs for imposed simple elongation and shear, respec-tively. These results inform the effects that each phase has on the other as parametricstrengths of the interactions are varied in the context of the most basic rheological ex-periments.

关键词： Kinetic theory polymer nanorod nanocomposites monodomains equilibrium elon-gation shear

Mainstreaming the Full ENsO:Linking Present Weather and Future Climate

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2022年第6期13卷 829-841页

作者： Michael H.Glantz Lino Naranjo-Diaz Qian Ye gregory E.Pierce Consortium for Capacity Building(CCB) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80301USA Integrated Risk Governance Program Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

In this article we propose that all countries that are striving to become a Weather-Ready Nation(WRN)would beneft greatly from including El Niño-southern Oscillation(ENsO)-related research findings into their decision-making processes,not only when an El Niño or a La Niña forecast has been issued *** an aspiring WRN,to beneft from ENsO information,such as disruptive or benefcial changes that could be foreseeably expected to occur in seasonal fow and in sub-seasonal hydrometeorological anomalies,requires its continuous mainstreaming about the status of the ENsO process into a WRN’s decision-making *** ENsO process provides a bridge between sub-seasonal weather anomalies and a sub-decadal climate phenomenon as well as a bridge between coping with weather extremes today and preparing for climate change-related hydrometeorological hazards in the *** extremes every few years provide a chance to evaluate a nation’s strategic and tactical responses to hydrometeorological hazard forecasts and *** successive ENsO extreme and its Neutral phase tests previously designed best *** of today’s youth and young professionals on climate,water,and weather issues has been increasing and will do so in coming *** awareness and attention to ENsO and away from ENsO extremes is *** heightened urgency for understanding the full ENsO“cycle”especially by youth and young professionals today is because they will soon be in professional positions that enable them to advise decision makers about climate policy *** understanding of the ENsO cycle is critically needed,as global warming is expected to continue to increase for the rest of the twentyfrst century.

关键词： ENsO WRN Hydromet Climate change Young professionals

Genetic targeting of astrocytes to combat neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 199-211页

作者： Rachel Kéry Allen P. F. Chen gregory W. Kirschen Medical scientist Training Program MSTP)Stony Brook MedicineStony BrookNYUSA Department of Neurobiology & Behavior Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Astrocytes, glial cells that interact extensively with neurons and other support cells throughout the central nervous system, have recently come under the spotlight for their potential contribution to, or potential regenerative role in a host of neurodegenerative disorders. It is becoming increasingly clear that astrocytes, in concert with microglial cells, activate intrinsic immunological pathways in the setting of neurodegenerative injury, although the direct and indirect consequences of such activation are still largely unknown. We review the current literature on the astrocyte’s role in several neurodegenerative diseases, as well as highlighting recent advances in genetic manipulation of astrocytes that may prove critical to modulating their response to neurological injury, potentially combatting neurodegenerative damage.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis glia immune system inflammation Parkinson's disease reactive astrocyte regeneration

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吸引素

中华病理学杂志 2005年第7期34卷 429-431页

作者：沈士亮 gregory s Barsh 武忠弼 Department of Genetics Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia 94305USA 华中科技大学同济医学院超微病理研究室

Mahogany一词首先被用作描写Agouti小鼠基因变异所引起的毛发颜色的改变现象[1].定位克隆Mahogany小鼠的变异基因,发现它们是一个由1428个氨基酸组成的富含胱氨酸的Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白[2,3],具有较大的细胞外微区、跨膜微区和较小的细胞内微区... 详细信息

Mahogany一词首先被用作描写Agouti小鼠基因变异所引起的毛发颜色的改变现象[1].定位克隆Mahogany小鼠的变异基因,发现它们是一个由1428个氨基酸组成的富含胱氨酸的Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白[2,3],具有较大的细胞外微区、跨膜微区和较小的细胞内微区,小鼠、果蝇和蠕虫的吸引素结构非常相似(图1).细胞外微区具有轴突诱导和细胞黏附分子的特征;目前我们还不了解细胞内微区的具体功能.Duke-Cohan等[4]在人体血浆内发现和Mahogany细胞外微区相似的分泌性糖蛋白,在体外能"attract"激活的T淋巴细胞向单核细胞运动,因而称为吸引素(attractin,Atrn)。

关键词：细胞黏附分子氨基酸组成 T淋巴细胞细胞外基因变异变异基因定位克隆跨膜蛋白细胞运动细胞内小鼠胱氨酸膜微区糖蛋白分泌性血浆内相似

A statistical Method for the Inverse Kinematics of Hyper-Redundant Manipulators

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A Statistical Method for the Inverse Kinematics of Hyper-Red...