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Application of optical coherence tomography in hereditary,toxic and metabolic optic neuropathies

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Annals of Eye Science 2020年第2期5卷 69-81页

作者： Jennifer Enright gregory van Stavern Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Washington University in St.Louis School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies cause bilateral,central vision loss and therefore can result in severe impairment in visual ***,early diagnosis is critical,as nutritional and toxic optic neuropathies may be reversible if identified early,and diagnosis of hereditary optic neuropathies can prevent unnecessary invasive workup,provide prognostic information,and allow for effective genetic *** coherence tomography(OCT)is a valuable tool that aids in the diagnosis and prognostication of optic neuropathies as it allows for quantification of changes in the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)over *** review the characteristic clinical presentations of hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies,with an emphasis on OCT findings.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography(OCT) optic neuropathy Leber hereditary optic neuropathy(LHON) autosomal dominant optic atrophy(ADOA) ethambutol

GrapevineXL reliably predicts multi-annual dynamics of vine water status, berry growth, and sugar accumulation in vineyards

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 56-69页

作者： Weiwei Yang Junqi Zhu Cornelis van Leeuwen Zhanwu Dai gregory AGambetta Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China EGFV Univ.BordeauxBordeaux Sciences AgroINRAEISVVVillenave d’Ornon33882France The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group College of AgricultureShihezi UniversityShihezi832000China The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Blenheim 7201New Zealand China National Botanical Garden Beijing 100093China

Climate and water availability greatly affect each season’s grape yield and *** models to accurately predict environment impacts on fruit productivity and quality is a huge *** calibrated and validated the functional-structural model,GrapevineXL,with a data set including grapevine seasonal midday stem water potential(�xylem),berry dry weight(DW),fresh weight(FW),and sugar concentration per volume([Sugar])for a wine grape cultivar(Vitis vinifera *** Franc)in field conditions over 13 years in Bordeaux,*** results showed that the model could make a fair prediction of seasonal�xylem and good-to-excellent predictions of berry DW,FW,[Sugar]and leaf gas exchange responses to predawn and midday leaf water potentials under diverse environmental conditions with 14 key *** running virtual experiments to mimic climate change,an advanced veraison(*** onset of ripening)of 14 and 28 days led to significant decreases of berry FW by 2.70%and 3.22%,clear increases of berry[Sugar]by 2.90%and 4.29%,and shortened ripening duration in 8 out of 13 simulated years,***,the impact of the advanced veraison varied with seasonal patterns of climate and soil water ***,the results showed that the GrapevineXL model can predict plant water use and berry growth in field conditions and could serve as a valuable tool for designing sustainable vineyard management strategies to cope with climate change.

关键词： Sugar cultivar sugar

Soil chemical fertility change over four decades in the Morvan Mountains and influence of tree species (Burgundy, France)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 460-474页

作者： Margaux Clesse Arnaud Legout Jacques Ranger Bernd Zeller gregory van der Heijden INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance

Background: Intensive silvicultural practices and the planting of monospecific forests of coniferous, that are more productive compared to hardwoods may threaten over the mid to long-term the sustainability of soil chemical fertility of forest ecosystems, and are a major concern for forest managers and ***: We investigated the tree species effect(Quercus sessiliflora Smith, Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies Karst.,Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco., Abies nordmanniana Spach. and Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) on the change over time of soil chemical properties and nutrient pool sizes in the mineral and organic layers of the soil during the 45 years after the plantation of the Breuil-Chenue common garden experiment(Burgundy,France). The organic and mineral soil layers down to 70-cm depth were sampled in the different monospecific plots in 1974, 2001 and ***: Exchangeable Ca and Mg pools and soil pH increased on average over time in the 0–70 cm soil profile in most stands. However, in the topsoil layers(0–15 cm), the decrease of pH, the increase of exchangeable acidity over time under the coniferous stands and the decrease of exchangeable K pools in most stands highlighted that soil acidification is still on-going at Breuil-Chenue site but the intensity of this process depends on the tree ***, three groups of species could be distinguished: i) Nordmann fir(Abies nordmanniana Spach.)/Norway spruce(Picea abies Karst.) where acidolysis and chelation occurred, resulting in the most pronounced pH decrease in the topsoil, ii) Douglas fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco.)/Laricio pine(Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) where acidification caused by elevated nitrification rates is probably currently compensated by larger weathering and/or atmospheric depositions fluxes, and iii) oak(Quercus sessiliflora Smith)/beech(Fagus sylvatica L.) where soil acidification was less intense. Counterintuitively, soil a

关键词： Nutrient pools Tree species Acidification Podzolisation Recovery Ecosystem services

Astrometric calibration and source characterisation of the latest generation neuromorphic event-based cameras for space imaging

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Astrodynamics 2023年第4期7卷 415-443页

作者： Nicholas Owen Ralph Alexandre Marcireau Saeed Afshar Nicholas Tothill Andre van Schaik gregory Cohen International Centre for Neuromorphic Systems MARCS Institute for BrainBehaviour and DevelopmentWestern Sydney UniversityKingswood 2747NSWAustralia

As an emerging approach to space situational awareness and space imaging,the practical use of an event-based camera(EBC)in space imaging for precise source analysis is still in its *** nature of event-based space imaging and data collection needs to be further explored to develop more effective event-based space imaging systems and advance the capabilities of event-based tracking systems with improved target measurement ***,for event measurements to be meaningful,a framework must be investigated for EBC calibration to project events from pixel array coordinates in the image plane to coordinates in a target resident space object’s reference *** this paper,the traditional techniques of conventional astronomy are reconsidered to properly utilise the EBC for space imaging and space situational *** paper presents the techniques and systems used for calibrating an EBC for reliable and accurate measurement *** techniques are vital in building event-based space imaging systems capable of real-world space situational awareness *** calibrating sources detected using the EBC,the spatiotemporal characteristics of detected sources or“event sources”can be related to the photometric characteristics of the underlying astrophysical ***,these characteristics are analysed to establish a foundation for principled processing and observing techniques which appropriately exploit the capabilities of the EBC.

关键词： neuromorphic event-based camera(EBC) space imaging space situational awareness(SSA) astronomy

Morphodynamic signatures derived from daily surface elevation dynamics can explain the morphodynamic development of tidal flats

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 14-25页

作者： Tim J.Grandjean Jaco C.de Smit Jim van Belzen gregory S.Fivash Jeroen van Dalen Tom Ysebaert Tjeerd J.Bouma Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research(NIOZ)4401 NT YersekeThe Netherlands Faculty of Geosciences Department of Physical GeographyUtrecht University3508 TC UtrechtThe Netherlands

Understanding the sensitivity of tidal flats to environmental changes is ***,most studies rely on process-based models to systematically explain the morphodynamic evolution of tidal *** this study,we proposed an alternative empirical approach to explore tidal flat dynamics using statistical indices based on long-term time series of daily surface elevation *** elevation dynamic(SED)indices focus on the magnitude and period of surface elevation changes,while morphodynamic signature(MDS)indices relate sediment dynamics to environmental *** statistical analyses were applied to an intervention site in the Netherlands to determine the effect of recently constructed groynes on the tidal *** these analyses,we were able to(1)detect a reduction in the daily SED and(2)determine that the changes in the daily SED were predominantly caused by the reduction in wave impact between the groynes rather than the reduction in tidal ***,the presented results showed that the combination of novel statistical indices provides new insights into the trajectories of tidal flats,ecosystem functioning,and sensitivity to physical drivers(wind and tides).Finally,we suggested how the SED and MDS indices may help to explore the future trajectories and climate resilience of intertidal habitats.

关键词： Surface elevation dynamics Tidal flat trajectories Morphodynamic development Morphodynamic signature Bed level dynamics

Cation engineering on lead iodide perovskites for stable and high-performance photovoltaic applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第4期27卷 1017-1039页

作者： Jue Gong Peijun Guo Savannah E.Benjamin P.gregory van Patten Richard D.Schaller Tao Xu Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory9700 South Cass AvenueLemontIL 60439USA Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State UniversityMurfreesboroTN 37132USA

Perovskite solar cells （PSCs） based on methylammonium lead iodide （CH3NH3PbI3） have shown unprecedentedly outstanding performance in the recent years. Nevertheless, due to the weak interaction between polar CH3NH3＋（MA＋） and inorganic PbI3 sublattices, CH3NH3PbI3 dramatically suffers from poor moisture stability, thermal decomposition and device hysteresis. As such, strong electrostatic interactions between cations and anionic frameworks are desired for synergistic improvements of the abovementioned issues. While replacements of I with Br and/or CI evidently widen optical bandgaps of perovskite materials, compositional modifications can solely be applied on cation components in order to preserve the broad absorption of solar spectrum. Herein, we review the current successful practices in achieving efficient, stable and minimally hysteretic PSCs with lead iodide perovskite systems that employ photoactive cesium lead iodide （CsPbI3）, formamidinium lead iodide （HC（NH2）2PbI3, or FAPbI3）, MA1-x y-zFAxCsyRbzPbI3 mixed-cation settings as well as two-dimensional butylammonium （C4H9NH3＋, or BA＋）/MA＋, polymeric ammonium （PEI＋）/MA＋ co-cation layered structures. Fundamental aspects behind the stabilization of perovskite phases α-CsPbi3, α-FAPbI3, mixed-cation MA1-x-y-zFAxCsyRb2PbI3 and crystallographic alignment of （BA）2（MA）3Pb4I13 for effective light absorption and charge transport will be discussed. This review will contribute to the continuous development of photovoltaic technology based on PSCs.

关键词： Solar energy conversion Perovskite solar cells Power conversion efficiency Optical bandgaps Device hysteresis Metastabte phases

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma:In the era of extended lymphadenectomy,is the value of neoadjuvant therapy being attenuated?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第10期13卷 1235-1244页

作者： Jin-Soo Park Hans van der Wall Catherine Kennedy gregory L Falk Upper GI Surgery Concord Repatriation General HospitalSydney 2137NSWAustralia Department of Medicine University of Notre DameSydney 2007NSWAustralia CNI Molecular Imaging Notre Dame UniversitySydney 2114NSWAustralia

BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)and oesophagectomy is the standard of care for resectable oesophageal *** outcomes following resection have been improving over time while NACT remain largely ***,a recent meta-analysis of randomized control trials did not demonstrate a survival benefit in adding NACT,raising the possibility that improved surgical techniques may be reducing the perceived effectiveness of *** To compare the effect of addition of NACT to a standardized surgery and lymphadenectomy on overall and disease-free survival in patients undergoing curative oesophagectomy for oesophageal *** Patient data were analysed from a prospectively maintained surgical survival ***,surgical,and survival outcomes were compared between groups according to treatment and nodal *** The data of 243 consecutive patients were identified.79 patients were given NACT and 162 had surgery *** NACT group were younger,and there was less frequent stage I *** survival was similar between NACT and surgery only groups(5YS:48.7%vs 42.5%;P=0.113),as was diseasefree survival(5YS:40.6%vs 39.9%;P=0.635).There were≥30 nodes removed in 46 patients,and<30 in 197 patients,but were otherwise *** was improved survival in patients with≥30 nodes removed than those with<30 nodes(5YS:64.4%vs 40.7%;P=0.015),and a better disease-free survival that neared significance(5YS:54.9%vs 36.6%;P=0.078).CONCLUSION NACT did not appear to affect overall or disease-free ***,an overall survival benefit was observed in patients with≥30 lymph nodes removed,and a benefit in disease-free survival which was not significant.

关键词： Oesophagectomy Oesophageal adenocarcinoma Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Lymphadenectomy Survival outcome Surgical technique

Removing harvest residues from hardwood stands affects tree growth, wood density and stem wood nutrient concentration in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and oak (Quercus spp.)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 147-159页

作者： Sanjoy Roy Jean-Michel Leban Bernhard Zeller gregory van der Heijden Arnaud Reichard Marie-Christine Gehin Philippe Santenoise Laurent Saint-Andre INRAE BEFF-54000 NancyFrance IGN Laboratoire de l’Inventaire ForestierNancyF-54000France Universite de Lorraine AgroParisTechINRAESILVAF-54000 NancyFrance

Background:Higher exportation of harvest residues from forests due to increased demand for woody biomass,has reportedly diminished soil mineral resources and may lead to degraded tree nutrition as well as ***,as nutrients become less available in the soil,the remobilization of nutrients in biomass tissues(plant internal cycling)helps sustain tree *** study aims to quantify the impact of Removing Harvest Residues and Litter(RHRL)during five years on tree growth,wood density,and stem wood nutrient concentrations in young beech and oak forest ***:Our study found that,RHRL significantly decreased tree growth ring width by 14%,and wood density by 3%,in beech trees,in near bark *** also significantly reduced nutrient concentration in near bark and near pith areas of both studied ***,Na and S were found lower by 44%,76%,and 56%,respectively,in near bark area of beech *** near bark area of oak trees,K,Ca,Mg,Na,S,and Fe were lower by 20%,25%,41%,48%,41%,and 16%,respectively.K and Mg concentrations decreased more strongly in near pith area compared to near bark area suggesting internal translocation of these two ***:In beech trees,wood density proved to be an important factor while quantifying the effect of removing harvest residuals on tree growth and *** nutrient loss intensified the remobilization of nutrients con-tained in older tree rings(close to the pith)towards newly formed rings(close to bark).In our study,in beech trees,K was found to be the most recycled major *** results demonstrate the potential of such analysis for providing valuable insight into the effect of RHRL in premature stands on the physiological adaptive strategies of trees and an indication of soil fertility status.

关键词： Harvest residues Fagus sylvatica Quercus petraea Dendroecology Dendrochemistry Radial growth Wood density Tree growth Ring width Translocation

Scintigraphy in laryngopharyngeal and gastroesophageal reflux disease:A definitive diagnostic test?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3619-3627页

作者： gregory L Falk John Beattie Alvin Ing SE Falk Michael Magee Leticia Burton Hans van der Wall Sydney Heartburn Clinic Gastroenterology Concord Hospital University of Sydney Macquarie University Sydney Ryde Medical Centre Sydney Department of Respiratory Medicine Concord Hospital the University of Sydney Sydney Heartburn Clinic Gastroenterology Sydney Concord Nuclear Imaging Clinic

AIM: To investigate the utility of scintigraphic studies in predicting response to laparoscopic fundoplication(LF) for chronic laryngopharyngeal reflux ***: Patients with upper aero-digestive symptoms that remained undiagnosed after a period of 2 mo were studied with conventional p H and manometric studies. Patients mainly complained of cough, sore throat, dysphonia and globus. These patients were imaged after ingestion of 99m-technetium diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid. Studies were quantified with time activity curves over the pharynx, upper and lower oesophagus and background. Late studies of the lungs were obtained for aspiration. Patients underwent LF with post-operative review at 3 mo after ***: Thirty four patients(20 F, 14 M) with an average age of 57 years and average duration of symptoms of 4.8 years were studied. Twenty four hour p H and manometry studies were abnormal in all patients. On scintigraphy, 27/34 patients demonstrated pharyngeal contamination and a rising or flat pharyngeal curve. Lung aspiration was evident in 50% of patients. There was evidence of pulmonary aspiration in 17 of 34 patients in the delayed study(50%). Pharyngeal contamination was found in 27 patients. All patients with aspiration showed pharyngeal contamination. In the 17 patients with aspiration, graphical time activity curve showed rising activity in the pharynx in 9 patients and a flat curve in 8 patients. In those 17 patients without pulmonary aspiration, 29%(5 patients) had either a rising or flat pharyngeal graph. A rising or flat curve predicted aspiration with a positive predictive value of 77% and a negative predictive valueof 100%. Over 90% of patients reported a satisfactory symptomatic response to LF with an acceptable sideeffect profile. CONCLUSION: Scintigraphic reflux studies offer a good screening tool for pharyngeal contamination and aspiration in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

关键词： Laryngopharyngeal reflux p H studies Oesophageal m