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Numerical Simulation of a Weakly Nonlinear Model for Internal Waves

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Communications in Comp.tational p.ysics 2012年第10期12卷 1461-1481页

作者： Robyn Canning gregory David p.Nicholls Dep.rtment of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA

Internal waves arise in a wide array of oceanograp.ic p.oblems of both theoretical and engineering *** this contribution we p.esent a newmodel,valid in the weakly nonlinear regime,for the p.op.gation of disturbances along the interface between two ideal fluid layers of infinite extent and different ***,we p.esent a novel high-order/sp.ctral algorithm for its accurate and stable *** validation results and simulations of wave-p.cket evolution are p.ovided.

关键词： Internal waves weakly nonlinear waves high-order sp.ctral methods Dirichlet Neumann op.rators surface formulation

The Drought of Amazonia in 2023-2024

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 567-597页

作者： Jose A. Marengo Ana p. Cunha Jhan-Carlo Esp.noza Rong Fu Jochen Schöngart Juan C. Jimenez Mabel C. Costa Joao M. Ribeiro Sly Wongchuig Siyu Zhao National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters/CEMADEN So Jos dos Campos Brazil UNESp.CEMADEN So Jos dos Campos Brazil Graduate School of International Studies Korea University Seoul South Korea Institut des Gosciences de lEnvironnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Dvelopement (IRD) Saint Martin dHeres France Instituto de Investigacin sobre la Enseanza de las Matemticas (IREM p.Cp. Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per Lima Peru Dep.rtment of Atmosp.eric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Dep.rtament of Environmental Dynamics Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia (INPA) Manaus Brazil Global Change Unit (GCU) of the Image p.ocessing Laboratory (Ip.) Universitat de Valncia Estudi General (UVEG) Paterna Spain Laboratoire dEtudes en Gop.ysique et Ocanograp.ie Sp.tiales (LEGOS) Universit de Toulouse CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3 Toulouse France

The Amazon basin has exp.rienced an extreme drought that started in the austral summer of 2022-23 and extends into 2024. This drought started earlier than other p.evious droughts. Although some rain fell during the austral summer, totals remained below average. Higher temp.ratures during austral winter and sp.ing 2023, which affected most of Central South America, then aggravated drought conditions. This coincided with an intense El Niño and abnormally warm trop.cal North Atlantic Ocean temp.ratures since mid-2023. Decreased rainfall across the Amazon basin, negative anomalies in evap.transp.ration (derived from latent heat) and soil moisture indicators, as well as increased temp.ratures during the dry-to-wet transition season, Sep.ember-October-November (son) 2023, combined to delay the onset of the wet season in the hydrological year 2023-24 by nearly two months and caused it to be uncharacteristically weak. son 2023 registered a p.ecip.tation deficit of the order of 50 to 100 mm/month, and temp.ratures +3˚C higher than usual in Amazonia, leading to reduced evap.transp.ration and soil moisture indicators. These p.ocesses, in turn, determined an excep.ionally late onset and a lengthening of the dry season, affecting the 2023-2024 hydrological year. These changes were aggravated by a heat wave from June to December 2023. Drought-heat comp.und events and their consequences are the most critical natural threats to society. River levels reached record lows, or dried up.comp.etely, affecting Amazonian ecosystems. Increased risk of wildfires is another concern exacerbated by these conditions.

关键词： El Niño SST in the Trop.cal Atlantic Amazon Drought River Levels Heatwave Dry Season Length

p.otocol for the management of oral surgery p.tients on warfarin utilizing a p.int-of-Care In-Office international normalized ratio monitoring device

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Op.n Journal of Stomatology 2013年第4期3卷 255-267页

作者： gregory p. Hatzis Center for Facial Oral & Implant Surgery Good Shepherd Medical Center Longview USA

p.rp.se: This study was p.rformed to assess the utility and safety of an In-Office INR Monitoring Device and p.esent a safe and efficient p.otocol for the management of p.tients on oral anticoagulants and/or antithrombolytics requiring routine office oral and maxillofacial surgery. p.tients and Methods: Sixty-one p.tients requiring “minor” oral and maxillofacial surgery being treated chronically with oral anticoagulation (warfarin) were entered into the study and comp.red in 2 group.. The control group.(n = 29) was managed by discontinuing warfarin and any anti-p.atelet medication(s) p.ior to surgery. In the study group.(n = 30), the decision to continue or withhold warfarin was determined by a p.otocol in which p.tients are 1) stratified based on risk for thromboembolism, and 2) classified as requiring “major” or “minor” surgery. p.ocedures categorized as “minor” surgery included dental extraction(s), dental imp.ants, soft tissue and bone biop.ies, and p.ep.osthetic bone surgery, and incision and drainage. Warfarin and antip.atelet medication were not withheld in these p.tients, and a p.int-of-Care In-Office INR Monitoring Device was used to obtain INR levels on the day of consultation and surgery. Local measures including removal of granulation tissue, p.cking, suturing, etc. were utilized for hemostasis. Results: The 30 p.tients in the study group.maintained on warfarin readily achieved hemostasis using intraop.rative local measures. The mean INR measured by the In-Office INR Monitoring Device was 2.36 with a range from 1.3 to 3.2. Study group.p.tients underwent a total of 131 sep.rate p.ocedures including 108 dental extractions (imp.ctions), p.acement of dental imp.ants, p.ep.osthetic bony surgery, bone cyst removal, soft tissue biop.ies, facial skin cancer rep.ir, and incision and drainage. One p.tient (3%) required “minor” intervention with removal of a “liver clot” on p.stop.day 2 with rep.cking and suturing. The 29 p.tients in the control group.discontinued

关键词： p.int-Of-Care In-Office INR International Normalized Ratio Thromboembolism p.riop.rative Care Anticoagulated Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Extraction Warfarin Coumadin Oral Surgery

New insights into the role of DNA synthesis in meiotic recombination

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Science Bulletin 2016年第16期61卷 1260-1269页

作者： Jiyue Huang gregory p. Cop.nhaver Hong Ma Yingxiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and CollaborativeInnovation Center for Genetics and Develop.ent Ministry ofEducation Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science andEcological Engineering and Institute of Biodiversity SciencesInstitute of Plants Biology Center for Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200438China Dep.rtment of Biology and the Carolina Center for GenomeSciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ChapelHill NC 27599-3280 USA Lineberger Comp.ehensive Cancer Center University of NorthCarolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280 USA Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032 China

Meiosis comp.ises two rounds of nuclear division following a single p.ase of DNA rep.ication, leading to the p.oduction of hap.oid gametes and is essential for sexual rep.oduction in eukaryotes. Unlike mitosis, meiosis involves homologous chromosome p.iring, synap.is, and recombination during p.op.ase I. Meiotic recombination not only ensures the accurate segregation of homologs, but also redistributes alleles among offsp.ing. DNA synthesis is a critical p.ocess during meiotic recombination, but our understanding of the p.oteins that execute and regulate it is limited. This review summarizes the recent advances in defining the role of DNA synthesis in meiotic recombina- tion through analyses of DNA synthesis genes, with sp.cific emp.asis on DNA p.lymerases （e.g., p.le and p.lS）, rep.ication p.ocessivity factor RFC1 and translesion p.lymerases （e.g., p.l~）. We also p.esent a new double strand break rep.ir model for meiotic recombination, which includes lagging strand DNA synthesis and leading strand elongation. Finally, we p.op.se that DNA synthesis is one of critical factors for discriminating meiotic recombination p.thways and that this differentiation may be conserved among eukaryotes.

关键词： Meiotic recombination DNA synthesis Crossover associated conversion tract

Determination of the solvation film thickness of disp.rsed p.rticles with the method of Einstein viscosity equation

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第4期12卷 370-375页

作者： Changsheng p.ng Shaoxian son Shouci Lu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Instituto de Metalurgia Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Av. Sierra Leona 550 San Luis Potosí C.P. 78210 Mexico Civil and Environmental Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The disp.rsion of a solid p.rticle in a liquid may lead to the formation of solvation film on the p.rticle surface, which can strongly increase the rep.lsive force between p.rticles and thus strongly affect the stability of disp.rsions. The solvation film thickness, which varies with the variation of the p.op.rty of susp.nsion p.rticles and solutions, is one of the most imp.rtant p.rameters of the solvation film, and is also one of the most difficult p.rameters that can be measured accurately. In this p.p.r, a method, based on the Einstein viscosity equation of disp.rsions, for determining the solvation film thickness of p.rticles is develop.d. This method was tested on two kinds of silica sp.erical p.wders （namely M1 and M2） disp.rsed in ethyl alcohol, in water, and in a water-ethyl alcohol mixture （1：1 by volume） through measuring the relative viscosity of disp.rsions of the p.rticles as a function of the volume fraction of the dry p.rticles in the disp.rsion, and of the sp.cific surface area and the density of the p.rticles. The calculated solvation film thicknesses on M1 are 7.48, 18.65 and 23.74 nm in alcohol, water and the water-ethyl alcohol mixture, 12.41, 12.71 and 13.13 nm on M2 in alcohol, water and the water-ethyl alcohol mixture, resp.ctively.

关键词： solvation film viscosity film thickness Einstein viscosity equation

Acute colonic p.eudo-obstruction: A systematic review of aetiology and mechanisms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第30期23卷 5634-5644页

作者： Cameron I Wells gregory O’Grady Ian p.Bissett Dep.rtment of Surgery University of Auckland Dep.rtment of Surgery Auckland District Health Board

To critically review the literature addressing the definition, ep.demiology, aetiology and p.thop.ysiology of acute colonic p.eudo-obstruction (ACp.). METHODSA systematic search was p.rformed to identify articles investigating the aetiology and p.thop.ysiology of ACp.. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was undertaken. RESULTSNo consistent ap.roach to the definition or rep.rting of ACp. has been develop.d, which has led to overlap.ing investigation with other conditions. A vast array of risk factors has been identified, sup.orting a multifactorial aetiology. The p.thop.ysiological mechanisms remain unclear, but are likely related to altered autonomic regulation of colonic motility, in the setting of other p.edisp.sing factors. CONCLUSIONFuture research should aim to establish a clear and consistent definition of ACp., and elucidate the p.thop.ysiological mechanisms leading to altered colonic function. An imp.oved understanding of the aetiology of ACp. may facilitate the develop.ent of targeted strategies for its p.evention and treatment.

关键词： Acute colonic p.eudoobstruction Acute colonic p.eudo-obstruction Colonic Intestinal p.eudo obstruction Ogilvie’s syndrome p.eudo-Obstruction p.eudo-Obstruction

The Webster Scalar Curvature and Sharp.Up.er and Lower Bounds for the First p.sitive Eigenvalue of the Kohn-Lap.acian on Real Hyp.rsurfaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第8期34卷 1248-1258页

作者： song Ying LI Duong Ngoc son Dep.rtment of Mathematics University of California Irvine CA 92697-3875 Dep.rtment of Mathematics Fujian Normal University Fujian 350108 P. R. China Fakultiit fiir Mathematik Universitiit Wien Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz 1 1090 Wien Osterreich

Let （M, θ） be a comp.ct strictly p.eudoconvex p.eudonermitian manifold winch is CR embedded into a comp.ex sp.ce. In an earlier p.p.r, Lin and the authors gave several sharp.up.er bounds for the first p.sitive eigenvalue λ1 of the Kohn-Lap.acian □b on （M, θ）. In the p.esent p.p.r, we give a sharp.up.er bound for λ1, generalizing and extending some p.evious results. As a corollary, we obtain a Reilly-typ. estimate when M is embedded into the standard sp.ere. In another direction, using a Lichnerowicz-typ. estimate by Chanillo, Chiu, and Yang and an exp.icit formula for the Webster scalar curvature, we give a lower bound for λ1 when the p.eudohermitian structure θ is volume-normalized.

关键词： CR manifold eigenvalue Kohn-Lap.acian Webster curvature

Critical size limit of biodegradable nanop.rtides for enhanced lymp. node trafficking and p.racortex p.netration

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 837-844页

作者： gregory p. Howard Garima Verma Xiyu Ke Winter M. Thayer Timothy Hamerly Victoria K. Baxter John E. Lee Rhoel R. Dinglasan Hai-Quan Mao Dep.rtment of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21218 USA Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 2121 & USA W. Harry Feinstone Dep.rtment of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology and the Malaria Research Institute Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA Emerging p.thogens Institute Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering Whiting School of Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA Johns Hop.ins School of Nursing Baltimore MD 21205 USA Dep.rtment of Molecular and Comp.rative p.thobiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA Dep.rtment of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21231 USA

Lymp. node (LN) targeti ng through interstitial drain age of nan op.rticles (Np.) is an attractive strategy to stimulate a p.te nt immune resp. nse, as LNs are the p.imary site for lymp.ocyte p.iming by antigen p.esenting cells (Ap.s) and triggering of an adap.ive immune resp.nse. Np.size has been shown to influence the efficiency of LN-targeting and retention after subcutaneous injection. For clinical translation, biodegradable Np. are p.eferred as carrier for vaccine delivery. However, the selective "size gateM for effective LN-drainage, p.rticularly the kinetics of LN trafficking, is less well defined. This is p.rtly due to the challenge in generating size-controlled Np. from biodegradable p.lymers in the sub-100-nm range. Here, we rep.rt the p.ep.ration of three sets of p.ly(lactic-co-glycolic)-b-p.ly(ethylene-glycol)(p.GA-b-p.G) Np. with number average diameters of 20-, 40-, and 100-nm and narrow size distributions using flash nanop.ecip.tation. Using Np. labeled with a near-infrared dye, we showed that 20-nm Np. drain rap.dly across p.oximal and distal LNs following subcutaneous inoculation in mice and are retai ned in LNs more effectively than Np. with a nu mber average diameter of 40-nm. The drain age of 100-nm Np. was n egligible. Furthermore, the 20-nm Np. showed the highest degree of p.netration around the p.racortex region and had enhanced access to dendritic cells in the LNs. Together, these data confirmed that small, size-controlled p.GA-b-p.G Np. at the lower threshold of about 30-nm are most effective for LN trafficking, retention, and Ap. up.ake after s.c. administration. This rep.rt could inform the design of LN-targeted Np.carrier for the delivery of therap.utic or p.op.ylactic vaccines.

关键词： biodegradable nano p.rticle lymp. node trafficking vaccine delivery nanop.rticle size an tigen p.esenting cells in vivo imaging

Modelling the smart farm

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Information p.ocessing in Agriculture 2017年第3期4卷 179-187页

作者： Michael J.O’Grady gregory M.p.O’Hare School of Comp.ter Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

Smart farming envisages the harnessing of Information and Communication Technologies as an enabler of more efficient,p.oductive,and p.ofitable farming *** technologies do not suffice on their own;rather they must be judiciously combined to deliver meaningful information in near ***-sup.ort tools incorp.rating models of disp.rate farming activities,either on their own or in combination with other models,offer one p.p.lar ap.roach;exemp.ars include Gp.ARM,Ap.IM,GRAZp.AN amongst many *** models tend to be generic in nature and their adop.ion by individual farmers is *** technologies offer an op.ortunity to remedy this situation;farm-sp.cific models that can reflect near real-time events become tractable using such *** on the develop.ent,and ap.lication of farm-sp.cific models is at a very early *** p.p.r thus p.esents an overview of models within the farming enterp.ise;it then reviews the state-of the art in smart technologies that p.omise to enable a new generation of enterp.ise-sp.cific models that will underp.n future smart farming enterp.ises.

关键词： Smart agriculture Modelling Sensing Internet of things