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Genomics of plant speciation

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Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 112-133页

作者： Dan G.Bock Zh. Cai Cassandra Elph.nstone Eric Gonza lez-Segovia Kaede h.rabayash. Kaich. h.ang Graeme L.Keais Amy Kim gregory L.Owens Loren h.Rieseberg Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research.Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Biology University of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada

Studies of plants h.ve been instrumental for revealing h.w new species *** several decades,botanical research.h.s complemented and,in some cases,ch.llenged concepts on speciation developed via th. study of oth.r organisms wh.le also revealing additional ways in wh.ch.species can ***,th. ability to sequence genomes at an unprecedented pace and scale h.s allowed biologists to settle decades-long debates and tackle oth.r emerging ch.llenges in speciation ***,we review th.se recent genome-enabled developments in plant *** discuss complications related to identification of reproductive isolation(RI)loci using analyses of th. landscape of genomic divergence and h.gh.igh. th. important role th.t structural variants h.ve in speciation,as increasingly revealed by new sequencing ***,we review h.w genomics h.s advanced wh.t we know of some routes to new species formation,like h.bridization or wh.le-genome duplication,wh.le casting doubt on oth.rs,like population bottlenecks and genetic *** genomics can fast-track identification of genes and mutations th.t confer RI,we emph.size th.t follow-up molecular and field experiments remain ***,genomics h.s clarified th. outsized role of ancient variants rath.r th.n new mutations,particularly early during *** conclude by h.gh.igh.ing promising avenues of future *** include expanding wh.t we know so far about th. role of epigenetic and structural ch.nges during speciation,broadening th. scope and taxonomic breadth.of plant speciation genomics studies,and synth.sizing information from extensive genomic data th.t h.ve already been generated by th. plant speciation community.

关键词： genomic islands of speciation structural variation h.brid speciation polyploid speciation reproductive isolation standing genetic variation

QUANTUM-DOT CELLULAR AUTOMATA

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QUANTUM-DOT CELLULAR AUTOMATA

h.gh.th.ough.ut screening against th.oredoxin glutath.one reductase identifies novel inh.bitors with.potential th.rapeutic value for sch.stosomiasis

2004 7th.International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Tech.ology（ICSICT 2004）

作者： gregory L.Snider Alexei O.Orlov Ravi Kummamuru Joh. Timler Geza Toth.Gary h.Bernstein Craig S.Lent Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556

＜正＞An introduction to of quantum-dot cellular automata （QCA） is *** is a transistorless nanoelectronic computation paradigm th.t addresses th. issues of device and power density wh.ch.are becoming increasingly important in th. electronics *** of CMOS is expected to come to an end in th. next 10-15 years,with.perh.ps th. most important limiting problem being th. power density and th. resulting h.at generated. QCA offers th. possibility of circuitry th.t dissipates many orders of magnitude less power th.n CMOS,is scalable to molecular dimensions,and provides th. power gain necessary to restore signal *** cells are scalable to molecular dimensions and initial measurements h.ve demonstrated single-electron switch.ng with.n a molecule.

关键词： Quantum dots Quantum cellular automata Polarization Electrons FETs Stationary state Nanoscale devices Switch.s Power engineering computing Electronics industry

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 300-315页

作者： Ting Li Peter D.Ziniel Pan-qing h. Valerie P.Kommer gregory J.Crowth.r Min h. Qing Liu Wesley C.Van Voorh.s David L.Williams Ming-Wei Wang Th. National Center for Drug Screening Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Department of Immunology and Microbiology Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Background:Sch.stosomiasis,a parasitic disease also known as bilh.rzia and snail fever,is caused by different species of flatworms,such.as Sch.stosoma mansoni(***).Th.oredoxin glutath.one reductase(TGR)from ***(SmTGR)is a well-ch.racterized drug target for sch.stosomiasis,yet no anti-SmTGR compounds h.ve reach.d clinical trials,suggesting th.t th.rapeutic development against sch.stosomiasis migh. benefit from additional scaffolds targeting th.s ***:A h.gh.th.ough.ut screening(h.S)assay in vitro against SmTGR was developed and applied to a diverse compound *** activity was quantified with.Th.oGlo®,a reagent th.t fluoresces upon binding to th. free sulfh.dryl groups of th. reaction product GSh.reduced glutath.one).Results:We implemented an h.S effort against 59,360 synth.tic *** th. primary screening,initial h.ts(928 or 1.56%)sh.wing greater th.n 90%inh.bition on SmTGR activity at a final concentration of 10μM for each.compound were *** tests were carried out to confirm th. effects of th.se h.ts and to explore th. concentration-dependent response *** a result,74 of th.m(0.12%)representing 17 ch.mical scaffolds were confirmed and sh.wed a great concentration-dependent inh.bitory trend against SmTGR,including structures previously sh.wn to be leth.l to sch.stosomal *** th.se,two scaffolds displayed a limited structure-activity *** tested in cultured larvae,39 compounds h.d cidal activity in 48 h.and five of th.m killed larvae completely at 3.125μ*** th.se,th.ee compounds also killed adult worms ex vivo at concentrations between 5μM and 10μ***:Th.se confirmed h.ts may serve as starting points for th. development of novel th.rapeutics to combat sch.stosomiasis.

关键词： h.gh.th.ough.ut screening Sch.stosomiasis Inh.bitor Th.oredoxin glutath.one reductase

Orch.stration of occludins, claudins, catenins and cadh.rins as players involved in maintenance of th. blood-epididymal barrier in animals and h.mans

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 463-475页

作者： Daniel G. Cyr Mary gregory Evemie Dube Julie Dufresne Peter T. K. Ch.n Louis h.rmo INRS-Institut Armand Frappier Universite du Quebec 245 Hymus Boulevard Pointe Claire QC H9R 1G6 Canada Department of Urology Royal Victoria Hospital McGill University Montreal QC H3A 1A1 Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2B2 Canada

Alth.ugh.spermatozoa are formed during spermatogenesis in th. testis, testicular spermatozoa are immature and cannot swim or fertilize. Th.se critical spermatozoal functions are acquired in th. epididymis wh.re a specific luminal environment is created by th. blood-epididymal barrier; proteins secreted by epididymal principal cells bind to maturing spermatozoa and regulate th. maturational process of th. spermatozoa. In th. epididymis, epith.lial cell-cell interactions are mediated by adh.ring junctions, necessary for cell adh.sion, and by tigh. junctions, wh.ch.form th. blood-epididymal barrier. Th. regulation of th.se cellular junctions is th.ugh. to represent a key determinant in th. process of sperm maturation with.n th. epididymis. Tigh. junctions between adjacent principal cells permit th. formation of a specific microenvironment in th. lumen of th. epididymis th.t is essential for sperm maturation. Alth.ugh.we h.ve made significant progress in understanding epididymal function and th. blood-epididymal barrier, using animal models, th.re is limited information on th. h.man epididymis. If we are to understand th. normal and path.logical conditions attributable to h.man epididymal function, we must clearly establish.th. ph.siological, cellular and molecular regulation of th. h.man epididymis, develop tools to ch.racterize th.se functions and develop clinical strategies th.t will use epididymal functions to improve treatment of infertility. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 463- 475）

关键词： claudins cadh.rins catenins h.man rat mouse tigh. junction adh.rens junction

Fusing Carbocycles of Inequivalent Ring Size to a Bis(imino)pyridine-Iron Eth.lene Polymerization Catalyst: Distinctive Effects on Activity, PE Molecular Weigh., and Dispersity

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 442-456页

作者： Zh.ng Wang gregory A.Solan Yanping Ma Qingbin Liu Tongling Liang Wen-h.a Sun Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Research.Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Ch.mistry University of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicester LE17RHUK College of Ch.mistry and Material Science Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synth.sis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Th. 4,6-bis(arylimino)-1,2,3,7,8,9,10-h.ptah.drocycloh.pta[b]quinoline-iron(II)ch.orides(aryl=2,6-Me_(2)C_(6)h.(3) Fe1;2,6-Et_(2)C_(6)h.(3) Fe_(2);2,6-i-Pr_(2)C_(6)h.(3) Fe_(3);2,4,6-Me3C_(6)h.(2) Fe4;and 2,6-Et_(2)-4-Me_(2)C_(6)h.(2) Fe_(5))h.ve been prepared in good yield by a straigh.forward one-pot reaction of 2,3,7,8,9,10-h.xah.dro-1h.cycloh.pta[b]quinoline-4,6-dione,FeCl_(2)·4h.(2)O,and th. appropriate aniline in acetic *** ferrous complexes h.ve been ch.racterized by elemental analysis and FT-IR *** addition,th. structure of Fe_(3) h.s been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction,wh.ch.sh.wed th. iron center to adopt a distorted square pyramidal geometry with.th. saturated sections of th. fused six-and sevenmembered carbocycles to be *** combination with.eith.r MAO or MMAO,Fe1–Fe5 exh.bited exceptionally h.gh.activities for eth.lene polymerization(up to 15:86×10^(6) g(PE)mol^(−1)(Fe)h.(−1) at 40℃(MMAO)and 9:60×10^(6) g(PE)mol^(−1)(Fe)h.(−1) at 60℃(MAO))and produced h.gh.y linear polyeth.lene(h.PE,Tm≥128℃)with.a wide range in molecular weigh.s;in general,th. MMAO-promoted polymerizations were more *** of th. cocatalyst employed,th. 2,6-Me_(2)-substituted Fe1 and Fe4 proved th. most active wh.le th. more sterically h.ndered 2,6-i-Pr_(2) Fe_(3) th. least but afforded th. h.gh.st molecular weigh. polyeth.lene(Mw:65.6–72.6 kg mol^(-1)).Multinuclear NMR spectroscopic analysis of th. polymer formed using Fe4/MMAO at 40℃ sh.wed a preference for fully saturated ch.in ends with.a broad bimodal distribution a feature of th. GPC trace(Mw/Mn=13:4).By contrast,using Fe4/MAO at 60℃ a vinyl-terminated polymer of lower molecular weigh.(Mw=14:2 kg mol^(−1))was identified th.t exh.bited a unimodal distribution(Mw/Mn=3:8).Moreover,th. amount of aluminoxane cocatalyst employed,temperature,and run time were also found to be influential on th. modality of th. polymer.

关键词： saturated polymerization straigh.

抗血栓治疗知识(五) 房颤患者的抗血栓治疗

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英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第4期7卷 235-239页

作者： gregory Y h.Lip Robert G h.rt Dwayne S G Conway 杜昕 university department of medicine City h.spital Birmingham department of medicine (neurology) University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio USA

随机对照试验证明,华法林可以有效降低房颤患者脑卒中的发生率,而出血性脑卒中和颅外出血并发症的发生率并不显著增加。阿司匹林有一定的作用,但弱于华法林。然而,仍有很多房颤患者未接受抗凝治疗,特别是老年患者,而这些患者是从抗凝治... 详细信息

随机对照试验证明,华法林可以有效降低房颤患者脑卒中的发生率,而出血性脑卒中和颅外出血并发症的发生率并不显著增加。阿司匹林有一定的作用,但弱于华法林。然而,仍有很多房颤患者未接受抗凝治疗,特别是老年患者,而这些患者是从抗凝治疗中获益最大的人群。

关键词：房颤抗血栓治疗抗血小板治疗华法林阿司匹林

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心房颤动的新进展

英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第4期8卷 229-235页

作者： M Bilal Iqbal Anil K Taneja gregory Y h.Lip Marcus Flath.r 杜昕（译） Clinical Trials and Evaluation Unit Royal Brompton Hospital London SW3 6NP University Department of Medicine City Hospital Birmingham B18 7QH 不详

尽管以往认为房颤治疗中“心律控制”优于“心事控制”,最近的随机临床试验发现两种治疗效果相当新近出现了一些新的抗心律失常药物,其他一些药物在房颤治疗中的作用也在评价之中抗凝治疗对预防血栓拴塞并发症非常重要,抗栓治疗的选择... 详细信息

尽管以往认为房颤治疗中“心律控制”优于“心事控制”,最近的随机临床试验发现两种治疗效果相当新近出现了一些新的抗心律失常药物,其他一些药物在房颤治疗中的作用也在评价之中抗凝治疗对预防血栓拴塞并发症非常重要,抗栓治疗的选择取决于患者的年龄、伴随疾病和心脏状况华法林的应用率低,特别是老年患者,而这些患者从抗凝治疗中的获益可能更大研究显示,口服凝血酶抑制剂希美加群(ximelagatran)在降低血栓栓塞危险方面与华法林同样有效;希美加群可以作为华法林的替代药物非药物的方法“控制心率”、“控制心律”

关键词：心房颤动华法林临床试验抗心律失常药希美加群抗凝治疗血栓栓塞

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静脉血栓栓塞

英国医学杂志中文版 2006年第5期9卷 291-296页

作者： Andrew D Blann gregory Y h.Lip 刘仁斌（译）王深明（校） h.emostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit University Department of Medicine City Hospital Birmingham B18 7QH 不详

静脉血栓栓塞,包括深静脉血栓形成与肺动脉栓塞,普通可见,在医院和院外均可进行治疗主要危险因素包括年龄、近期手术(特别是整形手术)、癌症及血栓形成倾向已确立的治疗有普通肝素、低分子量肝素。

关键词：静脉血栓栓塞深静脉血栓形成肺动脉栓塞静脉系统下肢血管临床事件危险因素血凝块

Metamorph.c inorganic frameworks th.t can be switch.d between single-crystalline states

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Metamorphic inorganic frameworks that can be switched betwee...