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Global spatio-temporally harmonised datasets for producing high-resolution gridded population distribution datasets

Big Earth Data 2019年第2期3卷 108-139页

作者： Christopher T.Lloyd Heather Chamberlain David Kerr greg yetman Linda Pistolesi Forrest R.Stevens Andrea E.Gaughan Jeremiah J.Nieves Graeme Hornby Kytt MacManus Parmanand Sinha Maksym Bondarenko Alessandro Sorichetta Andrew J.Tatem WorldPop School of Geography and Environmental ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Flowminder Foundation StockholmSweden Center for International Earth Science Information Network(CIESIN) Columbia UniversityPalisadesNYUSA Department of Geography and Geosciences University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA GeoData University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Multi-temporal,globally consistent,high-resolution human population datasets provide consistent and comparable population distributions in support of mapping sub-national heterogeneities in health,wealth,and resource access,and monitoring change in these over *** production of more reliable and spatially detailed population datasets is increasingly necessary due to the importance of improving metrics at sub-national and multitemporal *** is in support of measurement and monitoring of UN Sustainable Development Goals and related *** response to these agendas,a method has been developed to assemble and harmonise a unique,open access,archive of geospatial *** are provided as global,annual time series,where pertinent at the timescale of population analyses and where data is available,for use in the construction of population distribution *** archive includes sub-national census-based population estimates,matched to a geospatial layer denoting administrative unit boundaries,and a number of co-registered gridded geospatial factors that correlate strongly with population presence and ***,we describe these harmonised datasets and their limitations,along with the production ***,we demonstrate applications of the archive by producing multi-temporal gridded population outputs for Africa and using these to derive health and development *** geospatial archive is available at https://***/10.5258/SOTON/WP00650.

关键词： Human population subnational global spatial dataset multi-temporal

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The Artificial Disc Nucleus and Other Strategies for Replacement of the Nucleus Pulposus:Past,Present and Future Designs for an Emerging Surgical Solution

Engineered Regeneration

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 269-281页

作者： greg Sacks Vincent DeStefano Claire Parker Ryan Lebens Harry Mushlin Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA

Nucleus Pulposus(NP)Replacement is a developing surgical methodology for the treatment of pathology related to degeneration of intervertebral discs(IVDs).This article provides necessary context regarding the patholo-gies treated with this technology,the biomechanical structure and function of the IVD,and the procedures this technology aims to ***,it provides an overview and discussion of commercial and experimental preformed and in situ curing prosthesis designs reported in the scientific literature and summarizes the results of biomechanical and clinical studies evaluating their *** and updated information on the most recent research into NP replacement with novel hydrogel and tissue engineering(TE)strategies is *** of the NP allows for potential improvement in the treatment of degenerative spinal pathologies through minimally invasive surgical techniques.

关键词： Nucleus Pulposus Intradiscal Prosthesis Hydrogel Artificial Disc Implant Spine Surgery

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Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang Yang Yu Yang Li Ling Huang greg Yarwood Fan Meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China Asia Center for Air Pollution Research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of *** the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))*** O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)*** source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to September 2019 were compared using the original and improved *** results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition *** modified OSAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

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Exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani greg Stahl Kerry Johnson Scott Goade Robert D.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA Department of Data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA Department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA Department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAD)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAD as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAD would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAD,we used International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAD alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

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青少年抑郁个体化识别与干预的三级框架

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Science Bulletin 2024年第7期69卷 867-871页

作者：周媛陈旭古若雷项玉涛 greg Hajcak 王刚 Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders&National Center for Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100088China CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Unit of Psychiatry Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration&Institute of Translational MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences University of MacaoMacao 999078China School of Education and Counseling Psychology Santa Clara UniversitySanta Clara CA 95053USA Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Depression in adolescents is a significant public health challenge with a high prevalence and negative *** the United States,the lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of major depressive disorder(MDD)among 13-to 18-year-olds were 11.0%and 7.5%,respectively,prior to *** COVID-19pandemic has further exacerbated the global trend of increasing rates of adolescent depression.

关键词： prevalence adolescent lifetime

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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall Roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-Jones James Brock Vaishnav Satheesh greg AJ Robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

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Mesh representation matters:investigating the influence of different mesh features on perceptual and spatial fidelity of deep 3D morphable models

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第5期6卷 383-395页

作者： Robert KOSK Richard SOUTHERN Lihua YOU Shaojun BIAN Willem KOKKE greg MAGUIRE Centre for Digital Entertainment National Centre for Computer AnimationBournemouth UniversityPoole BH125BBUK Humain Ltd. Belfast BT12LAUK School of Creative and Digital Industries Buckinghamshire New UniversityHigh Wycombe HP112JZUK Belfast School of Art Ulster UniversityBelfast BT151EDUK

Background Deep 3D morphable models(deep 3DMMs)play an essential role in computer *** are used in facial synthesis,compression,reconstruction and animation,avatar creation,virtual try-on,facial recognition systems and medical *** applications require high spatial and perceptual quality of synthesised *** their significance,these models have not been compared with different mesh representations and evaluated jointly with point-wise distance and perceptual *** We compare the influence of different mesh representation features to various deep 3DMMs on spatial and perceptual fidelity of the reconstructed *** paper proves the hypothesis that building deep 3DMMs from meshes represented with global representations leads to lower spatial reconstruction error measured with L_(1) and L_(2) norm metrics and underperforms on perceptual *** contrast,using differential mesh representations which describe differential surface properties yields lower perceptual FMPD and DAME and higher spatial fidelity *** influence of mesh feature normalisation and standardisation is also compared and analysed from perceptual and spatial fidelity *** The results presented in this paper provide guidance in selecting mesh representations to build deep 3DMMs accordingly to spatial and perceptual quality objectives and propose combinations of mesh representations and deep 3DMMs which improve either perceptual or spatial fidelity of existing methods.

关键词： Shape modelling Deep 3D morphable models Representation learning Feature engineering Perceptual metrics

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磁体升级助力fMRI探测神经元簇

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科技纵览 2024年第3期 12-13页

作者： greg Uyeno 不详

神经科学正在向高清晰度发展。研究人员实现了一系列技术改进,极大地提高了功能性磁共振成像仪器(fMR)的空间分辨率。得益于这种技术进展,fMRI成像体素(3D像素)的每边长不到0.5毫米。这些精细粒度的体素突破了人脑结构的一个相对重要的... 详细信息

神经科学正在向高清晰度发展。研究人员实现了一系列技术改进,极大地提高了功能性磁共振成像仪器(fMR)的空间分辨率。得益于这种技术进展,fMRI成像体素(3D像素)的每边长不到0.5毫米。这些精细粒度的体素突破了人脑结构的一个相对重要的阈值,可大致达到神经元功能簇的级别。

关键词：功能性磁共振成像神经元功能神经科学体素空间分辨率高清晰度 fMRI

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Possible Cortical Spreading Depression Recorded Intraoperatively Following a Generalized Seizure: Illustrative Case

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 119-128页

作者： greg Schaublin Romina Shirka Nabil Azar Callan Broderick Jayson Neil George R. Lee Kiara Ebinger Real Time Neuromonitoring Associates Nashville USA Real Time Tele-Epilepsy Consultants Nashville USA Seastnan Medical LLC Kansas City USA Midwest Neurosurgery Associates Kansas City USA Research Medical Center Kansas City USA

Background: We present a compelling case fitting the phenomenon of cortical spreading depression detected by intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) following an intraoperative seizure during a craniotomy for revascularization. Cortical spreading depression (CSD, also called cortical spreading depolarization) is a pathophysiological phenomenon whereby a wave of depolarization is thought to propagate across the cerebral cortex, creating a brief period of relative neuronal inactivity. The relationship between CSD and seizures is unclear, although some literature has made a correlation between seizures and a cortical environment conducive to CSD. Methods: Intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and electroencephalography (EEG) were monitored continuously during the craniotomy procedure utilizing standard montages. Electrophysiological data from pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal periods were recorded. Results: During the procedure, intraoperative EEG captured a generalized seizure followed by a stepwise decrease in somatosensory evoked potential cortical amplitudes, compelling for the phenomenon of CSD. The subsequent partial recovery of neuronal function was also captured electrophysiologically. Discussion: While CSD is considered controversial in some aspects, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring allowed for the unique analysis of a case demonstrating a CSD-like phenomenon. To our knowledge, this is the first published example of this phenomenon in which intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring captured a seizure, along with a stepwise subsequent reduction in SSEP cortical amplitudes not explained by other variables.

关键词： Cortical Spreading Depression Electroencephalography Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring Seizure

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匈牙利佩奇大学与北京林业大学的环境设计类教育比较分析及启示

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中国林业教育 2024年第1期42卷 39-45页

作者：赵大鹏 Hutter Akos greg Andras 北京林业大学艺术设计学院北京100083 佩奇大学工程与信息技术学院匈牙利佩奇7624

佩奇大学是匈牙利颇具影响力的高校,在环境设计类教育领域经验丰富、成果突出。其建筑系与北京林业大学环境设计系在学科定位、办学和发展理念等层面存在诸多相似之处,有一定的可比性。以佩奇大学建筑系教育项目和北京林业大学环境设计... 详细信息

佩奇大学是匈牙利颇具影响力的高校,在环境设计类教育领域经验丰富、成果突出。其建筑系与北京林业大学环境设计系在学科定位、办学和发展理念等层面存在诸多相似之处,有一定的可比性。以佩奇大学建筑系教育项目和北京林业大学环境设计专业为研究对象,对环境设计类教育进行比较分析发现:①在教学理念方面,前者重点强调文化传承和专业实践;后者从生态、可持续的视角切入,重点关注绿色设计、生态宜居等,强调以绿色生态理念为主、多种方向并行。②在课程设置方面,前者以建筑设计为主线,注重专业化、职业化,强调与实践紧密联系;后者涉及内容丰富,覆盖的知识面宽,横向拓展性强,具有综合化、多样化的特点,但存在知识深度不够、技术层面的内容不足且落地性较差等问题。③在教学组织方面,前者实行导师组负责制和小组授课,有利于促进师生间的相互交流和了解;后者以分班制方式进行大班授课,各班级学生学习的同一类型室内或景观设计课程通常由不同的任课教师负责组织教学。这一相互独立的平行授课模式虽然带给学生多元的思维方法和设计成果,但也造成师生和生生间的交流机会少且不深入以及相互了解的渠道较窄等问题。④在教学效果方面,从课程作业质量和个人发展能力这2个评价教学效果和质量的重要参考指标看,前者培养的学生设计能力和研究能力较强,富有创新性,设计完成度高、落地性较强,无论是进入职场还是继续深造都取得了丰厚的成果;后者培养的学生设计能力较强但研究能力相对较弱,设计作品特色显著但设计的完成深度和推理的严谨性等存在不足,以从事环境设计或相关实践工作为主,并在业内获得较高声望。通过比较分析,两校在环境设计类教育教学方面各具特点,各有各的优势和不足。以此为启示,对中国环境设计类教育的发展进行了深入思考,并提出相应的建议措施。一是在坚守自身特色的前提下,优化课程设置,使学生在初步建构起专业学理框架的基础上能扎实、系统地掌握某一专业分支领域的知识。二是明确教育理念,主动调整设计的使命、角色和方法;完善教学过程,注重理论联系实际,强化校企联合,探索能够有效发挥每位教师之擅长的教学模式。三是改进教学方法,重构学生的学习过程;加强对外交流,培养学生的全球化意识。

关键词：匈牙利佩奇大学北京林业大学环境设计类教育教学理念课程设置教学过程教学效果比较研究

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