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seasonal resource selection of an arboreal habitatspecialist in a human-dominated landscape: A case studyusing red panda

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 1-11页

作者： Damber Bista greg s.baxter Nicholas J.Hudson Peter J.Murray school of Agriculture and Food sciences(Wildlife science Unit) The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia school of Agriculture and Environmental science University of Southern QueenslandDarling HeightsQLD 4350Australia

Human-dominated landscapes provide heterogeneous wildlife habitat. Conservation of habitat specialists, like red pandas Ailurus fulgens, inhabiting such landscapes is challenging. Therefore, information on resource use across spatial and temporal scales could enable informed-decisionmaking with better conservation outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of geo-physical, vegetation, and disturbance variables on fine-scalehabitat selection of red pandas in one such landscape. We equipped 10 red pandas with GPs collars in eastern Nepal in 2019 and monitoredthem for 1 year. Our analysis was based on a generalized-linear-mixed model. We found the combined effect of geo-physical, vegetation, anddisturbance variables resulted in differences in resource selection of red pandas and that the degree of response to these variables variedacross seasons. Human disturbances, especially road and cattle herding activities, affected habitat utilization throughout the year whereas othervariables were important only during restricted periods. For instance, geo-physical variables were influential in the premating and cub-rearingseasons while vegetation variables were important in all seasons other than premating. Red pandas selected steeper slopes with high solarinsolation in the premating season while they occupied elevated areas and preferred specific aspects in the cub-rearing season. Furthermore,the utilized areas had tall bamboo in the birthing and cub-rearing seasons while they also preferred diverse tree species and high shrub coverin the latter. Our study demonstrates the significance of season-specific management, suggests the importance of specific types of vegetationduring biologically crucial periods, and emphasizes the necessity to minimize disturbances throughout the year.

关键词： Ailurus fulgens anthropogenic disturbances habitat specialists habitat utilization resource use spatio-temporal variation vegetation

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Relationships among rat numbers,abundance of oil palm fruit and damage levels to fruit in an oil palm plantation

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 130-139页

作者： Chong Leong PUAN Anne W.GOLDIZEN Mohamed ZAKARIA Mohd N.HAFIDZI greg s.baxter Faculty of Forestry Putra UniversityMalaysia University of Queensland School of Integrative SystemsGattonQueenslandAustralia University of Queensland School of Biological SciencesSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia Faculty of Agriculture Putra UniversityMalaysia University of Queensland School of GeographyPlanning and Environmental ManagementSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia

The relationships between vertebrate pests and crop damage are often complex and difficult to *** palm oil plantations rodents remain the major pests,causing substantial monetary *** present study examined the numerical and functional responses of rodents to changes in the availability of oil palm fruit and the damage associated with that *** the study,200 traps were set in pairs on a 10×10 trapping grid for 3 consecutive nights in each of 6 study plots at 8-week intervals in a 2569 ha oil palm plantation at Labu,Negeri sembilan state in Peninsular Malaysia over 14 months.A total of 1292 individual rats were captured over 25200 *** were identified,aged,sexed,weighed and *** index of the relative abundance of rats was calculated based on trapping *** to infructescences was assessed at each trap *** of the age of palms,there were positive and significant relationships between the relative abundance of rats and numbers of *** levels of damage to infructescences were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of rats.A steep increase in damage was observed with an increase in mature infructescences,indicating a feeding preference of rats for mature *** both males and females of all rat species,there were weak and non-significant correlations between body condition and infructescence *** results indicated that there was a numerical and a functional response by rats to the availability of palm fruit and a resulting increase in depredation of oil palm *** ways in which this information might aid in future pest control are discussed.

关键词： body condition index fruit damage numerical response oil palms rodent pest

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An empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget sound： Combining observed and unobserved behavior

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 103-115页

作者： Levin, Phillip s. Horne, Peter Andrews, Kelly s. Williams, greg Northwest Fisheries science Center 2725 Montlake Blvd E Seattle WA 98112 USA

Understanding the movement of animals is fundamental to population and community ecology. Historically, it has been difficult to quantify movement patterns of most fishes, but technological advances in acoustic telemetry have increased our abilities to monitor their movement. In this study, we combined small-scale active acoustic tracking with large-scale passive acoustic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget sound, WA, UsA. We began by testing whether a correlated random walk model described the daily movement of sixgills; however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this behavior and used the resultant model （a biased random walk model） to determine whether daily movement patterns are able to explain large-scale seasonal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-scale pat- terns of movement observed in the passive monitoring data. In order to create the large-scale patterns, sixgills must have per- formed behaviors （large, fast directed movements） that were unobserved during small-scale active tracking. In addition, seasonal shifts in location were not captured by the dally model. We added these ＇unobserved＇ behaviors to the model and were able to capture large-scale seasonal movement of sixgill sharks over 150 days. The development of empirical models of movement al- lows researchers to develop hypotheses and test mechanisms responsible for a species movement behavior and spatial distribution. This knowledge will increase our ability to successfully manage species of concern [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 103-115, 2012].

关键词： Hexanchus griseus Movement Correlated random walk Biased random walk Displacement Movement model

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as a protein level,non-genomic disease:Therapy with s2RM exosome released molecules

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World Journal of stem Cells 2017年第11期9卷 187-202页

作者： greg Maguire Bio Regenerative sciences Inc.La JollaCA 92037United States

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALs) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease that leads to death. No effective treatments are currently available. Based on data from epidemiological, etiological, laboratory, and clinical studies, I offer a new way of thinking about ALs and its treatment. This paper describes a host of extrinsic factors, including the exposome, that disrupt the extracellular matrix and protein function such that a spreading, prionlike disease leads to neurodegeneration in the motor tracts. A treatment regimen is described using the stem cell released molecules from a number of types of adult stem cells to provide tissue dependent molecules that restore homeostasis, including proteostasis, in the ALs patient. Because stem cells themselves as a therapeutic are cumbersome and expensive, and when implanted in a host cause aging of the host tissue and often fail to engraft or remain viable, only the s2 RM molecules are used. Rebuilding of the extracellular matrix and repair of the dysfunctional proteins in the ALs patient ensues.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Proteins stem cells Extracellular matrix Exposome Heat shock protein stem cell molecules

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A O-dimensional cavity growth submodel for use in reactor models of underground coal gasification

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International Journal of Coal science & Technology 2019年第3期6卷 334-353页

作者： greg Perkins Martin Parry Technology Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia school of Chemical Engineering The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia

Modelling of the underground coal gasification process is dependent upon a range of sub-models. One of the most important is the calculation of the cavity growth rate as a function of various operating conditions and coal properties. While detailed 1-dimensional models of coal block gasification are available, it is not easy to couple them directly with reactor models, which aim to simulate the complete process. In this paper, a O-dimensional cavity growth sub-model is presented. The model is based on the concept of a surface reaction and incorporates physics to account for moisture evaporation, water influx, coal pyrolysis, coal thermo-mechanical fragmentation and the build up of an ash layer on the char. The model is validated using measurements from laboratory experiments on coal cores and coal blocks. A comparison of calculated results from several UCG field trials shows that the model can provide good estimates of cavity growth rate for reasonable input parameters. Finally, simulation results of cavity growth in the combustion and gasification zones as a function of the bulk gas temperature, gas pressure, water influx rate, ash layer thickness and coal fragmentation behaviour are presented.

关键词： Underground coal gasification Cavity growth Chemical reaction

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EIGENFREQUENCY ANALYsIs OF CABLE sTRUCTUREs WITH INCLINED CABLEs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2006年第1期27卷 37-49页

作者： William Paulsen greg slayton Department of Computer science and Mathematics Arkansas State University Arkansas 72467 USA

The approximate eigenfrequencies for the in-plane vibrations of a cable structure consisting of inclined cables, together with point masses at various points were computed. It was discovered that the classical transfer matrix method was inadequate for this task, and hence the larger exterior matrices were used to determine the eigenfrequency equation. Then predictions of the dynamics of the general cable structure based on the asymptotic estimates of the exterior matrices were made.

关键词： eigenfrequencies transfer matrices exterior matrices cable structures

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Consolidation of soft clay foundation improved by geosyntheticreinforced granular columns:Numerical evaluation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第5期13卷 1173-1181页

作者： Nima R.Alkhorshid gregório L.s.Araujo Ennio M.Palmeira Institute of Integrated Engineering Federal University of Itajubáe Itabira CampusItabiraMinas Gerais35903-087Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of BrasíliaBrasíliaDistrito Federal70910-900Brazil

soft clays are problematic soils as they present high compressibility and low shear *** are several methods for improving in situ conditions of soft *** on the geotechnical problem’s geometry and characteristics,the in situ conditions may require reinforcement to restrain instability and construction *** columns reinforced by geosynthetic material are widely used to reduce settlements of embankments on soft *** also accelerate the consolidation rate by reducing the drainage path’s length and increasing the foundation soil’s bearing *** this study,the performance of encased and layered granular columns in soft clay is investigated and *** numerical results show the significance of geosynthetic stiffness and the column length on the embankment ***,the results show that granular columns may play an important role in dissipating the excess pore water pressures and accelerating the consolidation settlements of embankments on soft clays.

关键词： Geosynthetic Embankment Granular column Consolidation soft soil

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ACOUsTIC MEAsUREMENTs BUBBLEs IN BIOLOGICAL TIEssURE

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第1期21卷 47-64页

作者： CHAHINE Georges L. TANGUAY Michel LORAINE greg DYNAFLOW INC. 10621-J Iron Bridge Road Jessup Maryland 20794 USA

An acoustic based instrument, the ABs Acoustic Bubble spectrometer@@（ABs）, was investigated for the detection and quantification of bubbles in biological media. These include viscoelastic media （blood）, materials of varying density （bone in tissue）, non-homogenous distribution of bubbles （intravenous bubbly flow）, and bubbles migrating in tissue （decompression sickness, DCs）. The performance of the ABs was demonstrated in a series of laboratory experiments. Validation of the code was performed using a viscoelastic polymer solution, Polyox, in which the bubble size distribution and void fraction were determined by ABs measurements and with image analysis of high speed videos. These tests showed that the accuracy of the ABs was not significantly affected by viscoelasticity for bubbles smaller than 200 microns. The ABs detection and measurement of non-homogenous bubble distributions was demonstrated using a bubbly flow through a simulated vein surrounded by tissue. The scatter of acoustic signals due to bones in the acoustic pathway was also investigated. These in-vitro experiments were done using meat （beef） as a tissue simulant. Decompression experiments were done using beef meat which was held underwater at high pressure （9.9 atm） then rapidly decompressed. Bubble size distributions and void fraction calculations in these experiments were then validated using image analysis of high speed video. In addition, preliminary experiments were performed with the Us Navy Medical Research Center, demonstrating the utility of the modified ABs system in detecting the evolution of bubbles in swine undergoing decompression sickness （DCs）. These results indicate that the ABs may be used to detect and quantify the evolution of bubbles in-vivo and aid in the monitoring of DCs.

关键词： ABs Acoustic Bubble spectrometer@@ (ABs) biological tissue decompression sickness (DCs)

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Quick Response Disaster Research:Opportunities and Challenges for a New Funding Program

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2020年第5期11卷 568-577页

作者： greg Oulahen Brennan Vogel Chris Gouett-Hanna Department of Geography and Environmental studies Ryerson UniversityToronto.ON M5B 2K3.Canada Centre for Environment and sustainability Western UniversityLondonON N6A 3K7Canada

Quick response research conducted by social scientists in the aftermath of a disaster can reveal important findings about hazards and their impacts on *** to collect perishable data,or data that will change or be lost over time,immediately following disaster has been supported for decades by two programs in the United states,amassing a collection of quick response studies and an associated research *** culture is currently being challenged to better address power imbalances between researchers and disaster-affected *** recently,Canada has not had a quick response grant *** order to survey the state of knowledge and draw from it in helping to shape the new program in Canada,this article systematically analyzes the body of research created by the two Us *** results reveal a wide-ranging literature:the studies are theoretically,conceptually,topically,and methodologically quite unique to one *** diversity might appropriately reflect the nature of disasters,but the finding that many studies are not building on previous quick response research and other in sights indicate opportunities for how a new grant program in Canada can contribute to growing a robust subdiscipline of disaster research.

关键词： Canada Disaster research Hazards Quick response social science

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Change in quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve implantation and aortic valve replacement surgery in Australian patients aged ≥ 75 years： the effects of EurosCORE and patient operability

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第1期12卷 30-36页

作者： Phillip J. Tully Prakash Roshan greg D Rice Ajay sinhal Jayme s Bennetts Robert A Baker Cardiac surgery Research Department of Surgery School of Medicine Flinders University of South Australia Bedford Park 5042 Australia Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men 's Health Discipline of Medicine School of Medicine University of Adelaide North Terrace Adelaide 5005 Australia brd Park 5042 Australia Department of Cardiac and Thoracic surgery Flinders Medical Centre Level 6 Flinders Private Hospital Bedford Park 5042 Australia

Objective To determine the extent to which differences in generic quality of life （QOL） between transcatheter aortic valve implanta- tion （TAVI） and surgical aortic valve replacement （AVR） patients explained by EurosCORE and heart-team operability assessment. Methods A total of 146 high-risk patients with EurosCORE 〉 6 and aged 〉 75 years underwent TAVI （n = 80） or aortic valve replacement （n = 66） between February 2010 and July 2013. A total of 75 patients also completed preoperative and six month sF-12 QOL measures. Analyses examined incident major morbidity, compared six month QOL between groups adjusted for EUrosCORE and operability, and quantified rates of clinically significant QOL improvement and deterioration. Results The AVR group required longer ventilation （〉 24 h）（TAVI 5.0% vs. AVR 20.6%, P = 0.004） and more units of red blood cells [TAVI 0 （0-1） vs. AVR 2 （0-3）, P = 0.01]. New renal failure was higher in TAVI （TAVI 5.0% vs. AVR 0%, P = 0.06）. TAVI patients reported significantly lower vitality （P = 0.01） by comparison to AVR patients, however these findings were no longer significant after adjustment for operability. In both procedures, clinically significant QOL improvement was common [range 25.0% （general health） - 62.9% （physical role）] whereas deterioration in QOL occurred less frequently [range 9.3% （physical role） - 33.3% （mental health）]. Conclusions Clinically significant improvement and deterioration in QOL was evident at six months in high risk elderly aortic valve replacement patients. Overall QOL did not differ between TAVI and AVR once operability was taken into consideration.

关键词： Aortic valve replacement Cardiac surgery EurosCORE Transcatheter aortic valve implantation Quality of life

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