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Systemic therapy for advanced cholangiocarcinoma:new options on the horizon

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第10期6卷 45-59页

作者： Saleh A.Alqahtani Massimo colombo Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287USA Liver Center San Raffaele HospitalMilan 20132Italy

Patients with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)face a poor prognosis,and there are few effective treatment options for the *** standard of care for patients with locally advanced or metastatic CCA is chemotherapy with a gemcitabine-based ***,the clinical benefit obtained with these regimens is modest,with a median overall survival of about one *** CCA that is chemotherapy-refractory or recurs after first-line chemotherapy,the treatment options are even more limited,and no relevant randomized controlled data are *** recent years,molecular profiling has shed light on the molecular basis of CCA and identified subgroups of patients that might benefit from a personalized treatment *** efforts resulted in the recent FDA approval of the fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR)inhibitor,pemigatinib,as a second-line treatment for patients with advanced CCA harboring an FGFR2-fusion or *** other targeted agents also are under evaluation in patients with CCA,of which the isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor has had the most promising ***,immunotherapy is being explored as a new treatment approach for advanced CCA patients;indeed,the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab can already be used to treat CCAs that are mismatch repair *** review is a comprehensive overview of the treatment options for CCA and offers a glimpse into what the future could hold for these patients.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor immune checkpoint inhibitor

In-vehicle stereo vision system for identification of traffic conflicts between bus and pedestrian

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2017年第1期4卷 3-13页

作者： Salvatore Caofiso Alessandro Di graziano Giuseppina Pappalarelo Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of CataniaCataniaItaly

The traffic conflict technique （TCT） was developed as ＂surrogate measure of road safety＂ to identify near-crash events by using measures of the spatial and temporal proximity of road users. Traditionally applications of TCT focus on a specific site by the way of manually or automated supervision. Nowadays the development of in-vehicle （IV） technologies pro- vides new opportunities for monitoring driver behavior and interaction with other road users directly into the traffic stream. In the paper a stereo vision and GPS system for traffic conflict investigation is presented for detecting conflicts between vehicle and pedestrian. The system is able to acquire geo-referenced sequences of stereo frames that are used to provide real time information related to conflict occurrence and severity. As case study, an urban bus was equipped with a prototype of the system and a trial in the city of Catania （Italy） was carried out analyzing conflicts with pedestrian crossing in front of the bus. Experimental results pointed out the potentialities of the system for collection of data that can be used to get suitable traffic conflict measures. Specifically, a risk index of the conflict between pedestrians and vehicles is proposed to classify collision probability and severity using data collected by the system. This information may be used to develop in-vehicle warning systems and urban network risk assessment.

关键词： Traffic conflict Stereo vision GPS Bus Risk index

Weather influenced nestling growth of an insectivorous but not a granivorous grassland passerine in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 156-162页

作者： Martín Alejandro colombo Adrian Jauregui Luciano N.Segura Laboratorio de Ecología de Aves.Institute“Dr.Raúl A.Ringuelet”(ILPLA)-UNLP/CONICET Boulevard 1201437La PlataB1900Buenos AiresArgentina

Nestling growth of birds can be affected by weather *** general,it is expected that higher temper-atures favor growth by improving food availability and nestling metabolism,while rain hinders it by reducing foraging ***,most of these patterns have been described in insectivorous cavity-nesting birds in temperate *** tested these predictions in two neotropical grassland ground-nesting birds with contrasting nestling diets and therefore potentially different responses to *** measured nestlings of the Hellmayr’s Pipit(Anthus hellmayri,an insectivorous passerine)and the Grassland Yellow-Finch(Sicalis luteola,which feeds its nestlings exclusively with seeds)during three breeding seasons(2017-2020)in central-eastern *** took measurements of tarsus and body mass,modeled growth curves using nonlinear mixed-effects models,and evaluated the effects of minimum daily temperature and precipitation during the growth period and the 30 days prior to *** pipits(60 nestlings from 21 nests),minimum temperatures during the growth period were positively associated with tarsus and body mass ***,there was a positive association between precipitation during the pre-hatching period and tarsus ***,none of the weather variables analyzed had significant effects on nestling growth of finches(131 nestlings from 35 nests).Dietary contrast between species may explain the different *** activity and abundance can be affected by weather variations within the span of a breeding season,whereas seeds may depend on conditions from previous years,making the effects harder to *** with reduced asymptotic size can have reduced chances of ***,pipit populations could be impacted if they experience cold and dry conditions during their breeding season,which is of major relevance in the current context of climate change.

关键词： Finches Grassland birds Neotropical birds Pipits Precipitation Temperature

Minimally invasive liver resection: has the time come to consider robotics a valid assistance?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 195-198页

作者： Stefano Caruso Alberto Patriti graziano Ceccarelli Andrea Coratti Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties Unit of General Surgery“Santa Maria Annunziata”HospitalLocal Health Unit Center Tuscany CompanyFlorenceItaly Department of Surgery Division of General SurgeryHospitals of Pesaro and Fano“Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord”Hospital CompanyMarcheItaly Department of Medicine and General Surgery Unit of Minimally Invasive and General SurgeryLocal Health Unit South-East Tuscany Company“San Donato”HospitalArezzoItaly Division of Oncological and Robotic General Surgery “Careggi”University HospitalLargo Brambilla 3FlorenceItaly

Minimally invasive liver resection (MILR) has been steadily increasing worldwide. Since its introduction in the early 1990s, initially adopted in cases of wedge and minor anatomical resection for benign hepatic lesions, MILR has been extended to major liver resection and for malignant hepatic lesions (1). Laparoscopic lateral sectionectomy has progressively become a standard operation (2).

关键词： liver lesions has

An integrated approach to investigate climate-driven rockfall occurrence in high alpine slopes: the Bessanese glacial basin, Western Italian Alps

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第11期17卷 2591-2610页

作者： VIANI Cristina CHIARLE Marta PARANUNZIO Roberta MERLONE Andrea MUSACCHIO Chiara COPPA graziano NIGRELLI Guido Department of Earth Sciences University of Torino10125 TorinoItaly Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection Italian National Research Council10135 TorinoItaly Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Italian National Research Council10133 TorinoItaly National Institute of Metrological Research 10135 TorinoItaly

Rockfalls are one of the most common instability processes in high *** represent a relevant issue,both for the risks they represent for(infra)structures and frequentation,and for their potential role as terrestrial indicators of climate *** study aims to contribute to the growing topic of the relationship between climate change and slope instability at the basin *** selected study area is the Bessanese glacial basin(Western Italian Alps)which,since 2016,has been specifically equipped,monitored and investigated for this *** order to provide a broader context for the interpretation of the recent rockfall events and associated climate conditions,a cross-temporal and integrated approach has been *** this purpose,geomorphological investigations(last 100 years),local climate(last 30 years)and near-surface rock/air temperatures analyses,have been carried *** research outcomes show that rockfalls occurred in two different geomorphological positions:on rock slopes in permafrost condition,facing from NW to NE and/or along the glacier margins,on rock slopes uncovered by the ice in the last *** thaw of the active layer and/or glacier debutressing can be deemed responsible for slope failure *** regard to timing,almost all dated rock falls occurred in *** the July events,initiation may have been caused by a combination of rapid snow melt and enhanced seasonal thaw of the active layer due to anomalous high temperatures,and *** events are,instead,associated with a significant positive temperature anomaly on the quarterly scale,and they can be ascribed to the rapid and/or in depth thaw of the permafrost active *** to our findings,we can expect that in the Bessanese glacierized basin,as in similar high mountain areas,climate change will cause an increase of slope instability in the *** fasten knowledge deepening,we highlight the need for a growth of a network of high elevation

关键词： Rockfalls Climate change Air and rock temperature Periglacial environment Western Italian Alps

Age and origin of the Cu（Au—Mo—Ag）Salobo 3A ore deposit,Carajás Mineral Province,Amazonian Craton,northern Brazil

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Episodes 2003年第1期26卷 2-9页

作者： colombo Celso Gaeta Tassinari Kátia Maria Mellito Centro de Pesquisas Geocronógicas Instituto de Geociências Universidade de Sao Paulo

The Salobo 3A polymetallic Cu (Au-Mo-Ag) deposit, located in the southeastern part of the Amazonian Cra- ton, northern Brazil, is hosted by an Archean metavol- cano-sedimentary sequence of Salobo Group. The cop- per mineralization consists of bornite-chalcocite and bornite-chalcopyrite disseminated with magnetite. In this paper we attempt to date the mineralization episodes and to characterize the uid sources. The step- wise Pb leaching technique applied to chalcocite, tour- maline, chalcopyrite and magnetite yielded 207 Pb-206Pb ages of 2705 42 Ma, 2587 150 Ma, 2427 130 Ma, and 2112 12 Ma, respectively. The older age is inter- preted as the timing of primary mineralization. Ages of 2.58 Ga and 2.42 Ga are considered to be related to tec- tonic reactivation of the Itacai nas Belt, and the younger age, obtained on late magnetite crystals, sug- gests the presence of Paleoproterozoic hydrothermal episode. Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr ages of 2.4 and 2.1 Ga were obtained for schists from the Salobo Group and chlori- tized gneisses of the Xing Complex, respectively. The strong radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions of all analyzed minerals suggest a continental environment for the mineralizations. Our geochronological results are in agreement with a primary syngenetic origin for the Salobo miner- alization, with late remobilization into brittle-ductile structures during a policyclic evolution of the Caraj s- Cinzento strike-slip system. Low-grade metamorphism and anorogenic granitic plutonism affected the area at ca. 2.1 and 1.8 Ga, respectively.

关键词：铜矿床巴西亚马逊克拉通地块成矿时代成矿作用金钼银矿床

Atherosclerosis： from biology to pharmacological treatment

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2012年第3期9卷 305-317页

作者： graziano Riccioni Valeriana Sblendorio Cardiology Unit San Camillo de Lellis Hospital Manfredonia Via lsonzo 71043 Manfredonia (FG) Italy Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Medical School Surgical Clinic Via UniversitY 41121 Modena Italy

A recent explosion in the amount of cardiovascular risk has swept across the globe. Primary prevention is the preferred method to lower cardiovascular risk. Lowering the prevalence of obesity is the most urgent matter, and is pleiotropic since it affects blood pressure, lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and atherothrombotic disease progression. Given the current obstacles, success of primary prevention remains uncertain. At the same time, the consequences of delay and inaction will inevitably be disastrous, and the sense of urgency mounts. Pathological and epidemiological data confirm that atherosclerosis begins in early childhood, and advances seamlessly and inexorably throughout life. Risk factors in childhood are similar to those in adults, and track between stages of life. When indicated, aggressive treatment should begin at the earliest indication, and be continued for many years. For those patients at intermediate risk according to global risk scores, C-reactive protein, coronary artery calcium, and carotid intima-media thickness are available for further stratification. Using statins for primary prevention is recommended by guidelines, is prevalent, but remains under prescribed. Statin drugs are unrivaled, evidence-based, major weapons to lower cardiovascular risk. Even when low density lipoprotein cholesterol targets are attained, over half of patients continue to have disease progression and clinical events. Though clinical evidence is incomplete, altering or raising the blood high density lipoprotein cholesterol level continues to be pursued. The aim of this review is to point out the attention of key aspects of vulnerable plaques regarding their pathogenesis and treatment.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Coronary heart disease Statins Metabolic syndrome Carotid intima-media thickness Hypertension

Peptide aptamers:The versatile role of specific protein function inhibitors in plant biotechnology

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第11期57卷 892-901页

作者： Monica colombo Chiara Mizzotti Simona Masiero Martin M.Kater Paolo Pesaresi Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige(Trento) Department of Biosciences University of Milan

In recent years, peptide aptamers have emerged as novel molecular tools that have attracted the attention of researchers in various fields of basic and applied science, ranging from medicine to analytical chemistry. These artificial short peptides are able to specifically bind, track, and inhibit a given target molecule with high affinity, even molecules with poor immunogenicity or high toxicity, and represent a remarkable alternative to antibodies in many different applications. Their use is on the rise, driven mainly by the medical and pharmaceutical sector. Here we discuss the enormous potential of peptide aptamers in both basic and applied aspects of plant biotechnology and food safety. The different peptide aptamer selection methods available both in vivo and in vitro are introduced, and the most important possible applications in plant biotechnology are illustrated. In particular, we discuss the generation of broad- based virus resistance in crops, ＂reverse genetics＂ and aptasensors in bioassays for detecting contaminations in food and feed. Furthermore, we suggest an alternative to the transfer of peptide aptamers into plant cells via genetic transformation, based on the use of cell-penetrating peptides that overcome the limits imposed by both crop transformation and Genetically Modified Organism commercialization.

关键词： Biosensors functional genomics peptide aptamers resistance

Prognostic role of intestinal ultrasound in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3595-3605页

作者： Cristina Manzotti Francesco colombo Tommaso Zurleni Piergiorgio Danelli Giovanni Maconi Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanL.Sacco University HospitalMilano 20157Italy Division of General Surgery Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesUniversity of MilanL.Sacco University HospitalMilano 20157Italy

The majority of patients affected by Crohn’s disease(CD)develop a chronic condition with persistent inflammation and relapses that may cause progressive and irreversible damage to the bowel,resulting in stricturing or penetrating complications in around 50%of patients during the natural history of the *** is frequently needed to treat complicated disease when pharmacological therapy failes,with a high risk of repeated operations in *** ultrasound(IUS),a non-invasive,cost-effective,radiation free and reproducible method for the diagnosis and follow-up of CD,in expert hands,allow a precise assessment of all the disease manifestations:Bowel characteristics,retrodilation,wrapping fat,fistulas and ***,IUS is able to assess bowel wall thickness,bowel wall stratification(echo-pattern),vascularization and elasticity,as well as mesenteric hypertrophy,lymph-nodes and mesenteric blood *** role in the disease evaluation and behaviour description is well assessed in literature,but less is known about the potential space of IUS as predictor of prognostic factors suggesting response to a medical treatment or postoperative *** availability of a low cost exam as IUS,able to recognize which patients are more likely to respond to a specific therapy and which patients are at high risk of surgery or complications,could be a very useful instrument in the hands of IBD *** aim of this review is to present current evidence about the prognostic role that IUS can show in predicting response to treatment,disease progression,risk of surgery and risk of post-surgical recurrence in CD.

关键词： Intestinal ultrasound Crohn’s disease Postoperative recurrence Bowel wall thickness Remission Intestinal surgery