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Hardrock burst mechanisms and management strategies

Geohazard Mechanics 2023年第1期1卷 18-31页

作者： graham swan Charlie C.Li Private Consultant OntarioCanada Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU) TrondheimNorway

Rockbursts occur as a direct consequence of underground mining or civil *** general scale of their seismic disturbance and consequences depend upon known ***,uncertainty remains as to exactly when and where rockbursts will occur,as well as the effectiveness of ground support measures to fully mitigate their *** the uncertainty in when and where is a dilemma shared with earthquake prediction,that associated with ground support capability is both a design and a management *** a brief review of the known mechanisms that produce rockbursts,the paper explores the sources and scales of energy demands that characterize the risk of their damaging consequences upon underground *** note that some of this risk continues to be associated with uncertainty with respect to rockmass properties and in situ stress,particularly in the context of deep mining.A review is presented of all available yielding ground support systems and their necessary design requirements,identifying practical weaknesses and limitations where these are *** paper concludes with some suggested areas where further study and development could provide the ways and means to reduce the design uncertainty in managing rockbursts.

关键词： Rockbursts Yielding support Seismic energy Managing design uncertainty

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Dimethylsulfide and Coral Bleaching: Links to Solar Radiation, Low Level Cloud and the Regulation of Seawater Temperatures and Climate in the Great Barrier Reef

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American Journal of Climate Change 2017年第2期6卷 328-359页

作者： graham Jones Mark Curran Hilton swan Elisabeth Deschaseaux School of Environment Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Lismore NSW Australia Marine Ecology Research Centre Southern Cross University Lismore NSW Australia Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre Hobart Tasmania Australia Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry Southern Cross University Lismore NSW Australia

Coral reefs produce atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMSa) which oxidises to non-sea-salt (nss) sulfate aerosols, precursors of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and low level cloud (LLC), reducing solar radiation and regulating sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Here we report measurements of solar radiation, SST, LLC, DMS flux, , and rainfall before, during and after a major coral bleaching event at Magnetic Island in the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Measurements are compared with those made at the nearby fringing reef of Or-pheus Island where coral bleaching did not occur. Extreme solar radiation levels occurred from November to late January and could have reflected cloud radiative effects that increased downwelling of solar radiation. High levels of LLC often coincided with high periodic fluxes of DMS from the unbleached coral reef at Orpheus Island (e.g. 14 - 20 μmol·m-2·d-1), in direct contrast to the very low fluxes of DMS that were emitted from the bleached, human-impacted Magnetic Island fringing reef (nd-0.8 μmol·m-2·d-1) when SSTs were >30°C. Continuous SSTs measurements at the Magnetic Island reef revealed various heating and cooling periods, interspersed with stable SSTs. Cooling periods (negative climate feedback) ranged from -1°C to -3°C (7 day mean -1.6°C), and often seemed to occur during low tides, periodic pulses of DMS flux and LLC, keeping SSTs °C. In contrast warming periods of +1°C to +3°C (positive climate feedback, 7 day mean +1.52°C), seemed to occur during increasing tides, decreasing DMS flux and low to medium levels of LLC which increased solar radiation and caused SSTs over 30°C and corals to bleach. Alternation between these two states or types of feedback is indicated in this research and may be a function of enhanced scattering of solar radiation from nss-sulfate aerosols that originate from oxidation of DMSa produced from the coral reefs in the GBR. The net radiative forcing from clouds can be as high as four times as large as the radi

关键词： Dimethylsulfide Low Level Cloud Climate Feedback Coral Bleaching

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A Novel Virus Detected In Papillomatous And Carcinomatous Lesions Of The Endangered Western Barred Bandicoot （Perameles Bougainville） Exhibits Genomic Features Of Both The Papillomaviridae And Polyomaviridae

A Novel Virus Detected In Papillomatous And Carcinomatous Le...

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24th International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop

作者： Lucy Woolford Annabel Rector Marc Van Ranst Andrea Ducki Mark D Bennett Philip K Nicholls Kristin S Warren Ralph A swan graham E Wilcox Amanda J O’Hara Murdoch University Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research.University of LeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical Research.University of LeuvenBelgium School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern Australia

＜正＞Conservation efforts to prevent the extinction of the endangered western barred bandicoot（Perameles bougainville）are currently hindered by a progressively debilitating cutaneous and mucocutaneous papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome observed in captive and wild *** this study we have detected a novel virus,tentatively designated the Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus type 1（BPCV1）,in lesional tissue from affected western barred bandicoots using multiply

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