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Evidence from isotopic geochemistry as an indicator of eutrophication of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu, china

Science china Earth sciences 2006年第Z1期49卷 62-71页

作者： LIN Lin, WU Jinglu & WANG Sumin Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, chinese academy of sciences, Nanjing 210008, china graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

In this paper, Lake Taihu, a large shallow freshwater lake in china, is chosen as an example of reconstruction of eutrophication through the comparison between stable isotopes from dissolved nutrients and plants and water column nutrient parameters and integration of multiple proxies in a sediment core from Meiliang Bay including TN, TP, TOC, C/N, δ15N, δ13C, etc. Differences in aquatic plant species and trophic status between East Taihu Bay and Meiliang Bay are indicated by their variations in δ13C and δ15N of aquatic plants and δ15N of NH4+. A significant influence ofexternal nutrient inputs on Meiliang Bay is reflected in temporal changes in δ 15N of NH4+ and hydro-environmental parameters. The synchronous change between δ13C and δ15N values of sedimented organic matter (OM) has been attributed to elevated primary production at the beginning of eutrophication between 1950 and 1990, then recent inverse correlation between them has been caused by the uptake of 15N-enriched inorganic nitrogen by phytoplankton grown under eutrophication and subsequent OM decomposition and denitrification in surface sediments, indicating that the lake has suffered from progressive eutrophication since 1990. Based on the use of a combination of stable isotopes and elemental geochemistry, the eutrophication of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu could be better traced. These transitions of the lake eutrophication respectively occurring in the 1950s and 1990s have been suggested as a reflection of growing impacts of human activities, which is coincident with the instrumental data.

关键词： stable carbon isotope of OM, stable nitrogen isotope, eutrophication, Lake Taihu.

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SUSPENDED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN THE OFFSHORE NEAR YANGTZE ESTUARY

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第3期20卷 373-381页

作者： CHEN Bin WANG Kai Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Based on the Estuarine, Coastal and Ocean Modeling System with Sediments （ECOMSED） model, a 3-D hydrodynamic-transport numerical model was established for the offshore area near the Yangtze Estuary in the East china Sea .The hydrodynamic module was driven by tide and wind. Sediment module included sediment resuspension, transport and deposition of cohesive and non-cohesive sediment. The settling of cohesive sediment in the water column was modeled as a fimction of aggregation （flocculation） and deposition. The numerical results were compared with observation data for August, 2006. It shows that the sediment concentration reduces gradually from the seashore to the offshore area. Numerical results of concentration time series in the observation stations show two peaks and two valleys, according with the observation data. It is mainly affected by tidal current. The suspended sediment concentration is related to the tidal current during a tidal cycle, and the maximum concentration appears 1 h-4 h after the current maximum velocity has reached.

关键词： Yangtze Estuary sediment concentration sediment transport

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Daily variation of carbon flux in soils of Populus euphratica forests in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第5期17卷 584-590页

作者： Huang Xiang , Chen Yaning , Li Weihong , Ma Jianxin and Chen Yapeng (Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, chinese academy of sciences, Urumqi 830011, china graduate university, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china) Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

In order to lucubrate the daily variation of respiration in soils of Populus euphratica forests and analyze its relationship with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the LI-8100 instrument of soil CO2 flux system was used to measure the parameters of soil carbon flux and air temperature 10 cm above ground surface along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, and the relationships between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content were analyzed. The nonlinear regression analysis was carried out with the software SPSS13.0. We observed that: (1) soil respiration began to be restrained when the air temperature was up to 30℃10 cm above the ground surface; (2) the rates of soil respiration under the forests of Populus euphratica were significantly different at various moisture contents, the soil carbon flux was high along the Usyman profile, which has a high soil moisture content, and it was low along the profiles of Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, which has a low soil moisture content; (3) the exponential model can be used to explain the relationship between soil respiration and air temperature 10 cm above the ground surface. The average Q10 values along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday are 0. 61, 0.16, 0. 22 and 0. 35 respectively, much lower than the average of the world; (4) there is a positive correlation between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content.

关键词： Populus euphratica soil carbon flux air temperature 10 cm above ground surface soil moisture content the Tarim River.

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A new class of symmetric periodic solutions of the spatial elliptic restricted three-body problem

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第9期52卷 1404-1413页

作者： XU XingBo1,2 & FU YanNing1 1 Purple Mountain Observatory, chinese academy of sciences, Nanjing 210008, china 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

We show that there exists a new class of symmetric periodic solutions of the spatial elliptic restricted three-body problem. In such a solution, the infinitesimal body is confined to the vicinity of a primary and moves on a nearly circular orbit. This orbit is almost perpendicular to the orbital plane of the primaries, where the line of symmetry of the orbit lies. The existence is shown by applying a corollary of Arenstorf's fixed point theorem to a periodicity equation system of the problem. And this existence doesn't require any restriction on the mass ratio of the primaries, nor on the eccentricity of their relative elliptic orbit. Potential relevance of this new class of periodic solutions to real celestial body systems and the follow-up studies in this respect are also discussed.

关键词： periodic orbits spatial restricted three-body problem symmetric orbits averaging

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Antisense expression of a rice cellular apoptosis susceptibility gene (OsCAS} alters the height of transgenic rice

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第1期17卷 39-43页

作者： XU Chunxiao and HE Chaozu ( National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Shenzhen Laboratory of Superhybrid Rice Research, graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua university, Shenzhen 518055, china) National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Shenzhen Laboratory of Superhybrid Rice Research Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China

Cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CAS) gene plays important roles in mitosis, development and export of importin a from the nucleus, but its function in plant is unknown. In this study, a rice CAS ortholog (OsCAS), which encodes a predicted protein of 983 amino acids with 62% similarity to human CAS, was identified. DNA gel blot analysis revealed a single copy of OsCAS in the rice genome. A 973 bp fragment at the 3' end of OsCAS cDNA was cloned from rice cDNA library and transferred into rice in the antisense direction under the control of CaMV 35S promoter via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, 105 transgenic lines were obtained. Expression of OsCAS was suppressed in the antisense transgenic lines as revealed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The antisense transgenic lines showed dwarf phenotypes. The results indicated that OsCAS was involved in culm development of rice.

关键词： antisense dwarf ortholog OsCAS rice.

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The boundary of palaearctic and oriental realms in western china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第7期18卷 833-841页

作者： Ling Chen a,b,c, Yanling Songd,*, Shufang Xu e a Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, chinese academy of sciences, Xining 810001, china b graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china c National Science Foundation of china, beijing 100085, china d Institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china e beijing academy of Agriculture and Forestry sciences, beijing 100097, china Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810001 China graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China National Science Foundation of china Beijing 100085 China Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China beijing academy of Agriculture and Forestry sciences Beijing 100097 China

In the world-wide zoogeographic division, there has been no consentaneous understanding about the delimitation between palaearctic and oriental realms in western china. In this study, we will discuss the division based on amphibian distribution in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet according to species coefficient similarity between each zoogeographic province. The results show that the northern border lies from Qinling Mountains–Feng Xian (Shaanxi)–Debu (Gansu)–Aba (Sichuan)–Batang–Bomi (Tibet), to Linzhi districts, and the southern border is from Taibai–Feng Xian in Shaanxi–Wen Xian (Gansu)–Songpan–Kangding–Daocheng (Sichuan), to Zhongdian–Gongshan in Yunnan, and westward to Motuo and Bomi district in Tibet.

关键词： Amphibian Zoogeography Palaearctic Oriental Hengduan Mt.

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Modeling diameter distribution of the broadleaved-Korean pine mixed forest on Changbai Mountains of china

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 177-188页

作者： WANG Shunzhong, DAI Limin, LIU Guohua, YUAN Jianqiong, ZHANG Hengmin & WANG Qingli Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china State Key Lab of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The broadleaved-Korean pine mixed forest is a native vegetation in the Changbai Mountains, northeast china. The probability density functions including the normal, negative exponential, Weibull and finite mixture distribution, were used to describe the diameter distributions of the species groups and entire forest stand. There is a strong correlation between parameters and mean DBH except the shape parameters in the mixture distribution. The diameter classes of species and entire forest stand showed not negative exponential but normal and "S" distribution. The mixture function was better than normal and Weibull to describe the model distribution. The location parameter had an effect on the estimated frequency in the first diameter class, when the estimated location parameter was bigger than the lower limit of the first diameter class.

关键词： broadleaved-Korean pine mixed forest, diameter distribution, finite mixture distribution.

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Cloning,expression and characterization of a nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) gene from tobacco

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第8期17卷 906-912页

作者： Zhou Qiyun~(1,2**) Xie Zongming~(1**) Zhang Zhigang~1 Cao Yangrong~1 Zhang jinsong~(1***) Chen Shouyi~(1***) (1.National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing100101,china 2.graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100039,china) National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100101 China graduate university Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100039 China

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) is a housekeeping enzyme that maintains the intracellular levels of all (d)NTPs used in biosynthesis except *** we report that a full-length cDNA encoding nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) was cloned us- ing yeast two-hybrid approach.A tobacco NDPK gene was obtained and designated as ***1 is 704 bp in length and en- codes a putative 16.2 kD protein of 148 amino *** analysis showed that NtNDPK1 is highly homologous to other plant NDPK genes and identified as type I (NDPK1).RNA-gel blot analysis showed that there was no significant difference of NtNDPK1 ex- pression in roots,stems,leaves and *** expression of NtNDPK1 was induced by ABA and PEG and repressed by NaCl,but not significantly affected by Paraquat,wounding and low temperature (4℃) treatments,indicating that NtNDPK1 may play a certain role in response to abiotic *** vitro phosphorylation assay demonstrated that NtNDPK1 had autophosphoryLation activity.

关键词： abiotic stress autophosphorylation activity NtNDPK1 tobacco yeast two-hybrid

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Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and background winds

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第6期17卷 639-644页

作者： Liu Xiao1,2 and Xu Jiyao1(1. State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china) State Key Laboratory for Space Weather Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Using the nonlinear propagating gravity waves (GW) model in the two-dimensional compressible atmosphere and the linear GW theory, the process of GW propagation in different background winds, e.g. the direction of the background wind is opposite to (dead wind) or the same as (tail wind) the direction of the horizontal phase velocity of GW, is studied. The results show that the dead wind prolongs the vertical wavelength and accelerates GW propagation. Therefore, GW propagates up to a higher height becomes instable in a short time and eventually induces an inverse jet flow. Then, the vertical wavelength is becoming short due to the nonlinear interactions between GW and the inverse jet flow. The vertical wavelength and group velocity decrease after GW propagates into the tail wind. The initial instable time is delayed. Although most of GW is trapped in the instable region, some of GW propagates above the instable region. Compared with GW propagation in the tail wind, the nonlinear interactions between GW and the dead wind are also strong. In contrast, the linear GW theory predicts that GW can propagate freely in the dead wind. The vertical wavelength simulated by the nonlinear numerical model is different from that predicted by the linear theory greatly after GW propagates into the dead wind.

关键词： gravity waves background winds vertical group velocity vertical wavelength nonlinear interactions.

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Estimation of forest volumes by integrating Landsat TM imagery and forest inventory data

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 54-62页

作者： GU Huiyan, DAI Limin, WU Gang, XU Dong, WANG Shunzhong &WANG Hui Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry university, Harbin 150040, china State Key Lab of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin China State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Accurate information about forest volumes is essential for forest management planning. The survey interval of the Forest Resource Inventory of china (FRIC) is too long to meet the demand for timely decision-making required for forest protection, management, and utilization. Analysis of satellite imagery provides good potential for more frequent reporting of forest parameters. In this study, we describe an application of the k-nearest neighbors (kNN) method to Landsat TM imagery for improving estimation of forest volumes. Several spectral features were tested and compared in forest volume estimations, including normalized difference vegetation index, environmental vegetation index, and the combination of the spectral features. The combined index resulted in the most accurate volume estimations. The kNN estimator and the combined index were then used in forest volume estimation. The estimation error (RMSE) of the total volume was44.2%, much lower than those for Larix forest (the RMSE was 51.7%) and those for the Korean pine and broadleaved forests (the estimation errors were over 71.7% and 88.19%,respectively). This preliminary study demonstrates the potential of forest volume estimations with remote sensing data to provide useful information for forest management if only limited ground information is available.

关键词： forest inventory, landsat TM, k-nearest neighbors, spectral extraction.

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