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Establishment of trauma registry at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital(QECH), Blantyre, Malawi and mapping of high risk geographic areas for trauma

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第1期10卷 33-41页

作者： Linda C.Chokotho Wakisa Mulwafu Mulinda Nyirenda Foster J.Mbomuwa Hemant G.Pandit grace le Christopher Lavy Beit Cure International Hospital Department of Surgery College of Medicine University of Malawi Adult Emergency and Trauma Center Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital Ministry of Health Chapel Allerton Hospital University of Leeds Nuff ield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford

BACKGROUND: less attention is directed toward gaining a better understanding of the burden and prevention of injuries, in low and middle income countries(LMICs). We report the establishment of a trauma registry at the Adult Emergency and Trauma Centre(AETC) at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital(QECH) in Blantyre, Malawi and identify high risk geographic areas. METHODS: We devised a paper based two-page trauma registry form. Ten data clerks and all AETC clinicians were trained to complete demographic and clinical details respectively. Descriptive data, regression and hotspot analyses were done using STATA 15 statistical package and ArcGIS(16) software ***: There were 3,747 patients from May 2013 to May 2015. The most common mechanisms of injury were assault(38.2%), and road traffi c injuries(31.6%). The majority had soft tissue injury(53.1%), while 23.8% had no diagnosis indicated. Fractures(OR 19.94 [15.34–25.93]), head injury and internal organ injury(OR 29.5 [16.29–53.4]), and use of ambulance(OR 1.57 [1.06–2.33]) were found to be predictive of increased odds of being admitted to hospital while assault(OR 0.69 [0.52–0.91]) was found to be associated with less odds of being admitted to hospital. Hot spot analysis showed that at 99% confidence interval, Ndirande, Mbayani and Limbe were the top hot spots for injury occurrence. CONCLUSION: We have described the process of establishing an integrated and potentially sustainable trauma registry. Signifi cant data were captured to provide details on the epidemiology of trauma and insight on how care could be improved at AETC and surrounding health facilities. This approach may be relevant in similar poor resource settings.

关键词： Trauma Registry Adult injuries Hot spot analysis Low and middle income countries

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Stimuli-Responsive Organic Phase Change Materials:Molecular Designs and Applications in Energy Storage

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第6期3卷 634-643页

作者： My le grace G.D.Han Department of Chemistry Brandeis UniversityWalthamMassachusetts 02453United States

Achieving a stable latent heat storage over a wide temperature range and a long period of time as well as accomplishing a controlled heat release from conventional phase change materials have remained prominent challenges in thermal energy *** the conventional phase change materials have the fixed phase transition temperatures under the standard ambient pressure,the latent heat storage is only viable at temperatures higher than their melting and crystallization *** the latent heat is stored in the liquid phase of materials,it is imperative to maintain the temperature of the system above its crystallization point to prolong the heat *** the continuous energy input or extensive insulation,the crystallization of liquid occurs spontaneously,leading to the loss of latent heat and a short heat storage ***,there exists a critical need to develop methods that enable the control over the phase transition of materials,unrestricted by the temperature of the *** successful development of such methods and materials in recent years has been viable through the incorporation of molecular switches that respond to external stimuli,notably light,electrochemical bias,and ions,by reversible structural *** have discovered novel functional organic material systems that exhibit solid-to-liquid phase transitions controlled by optical and electrical stimulation,along with other research *** development and optimization of such materials are enabled by the judicious molecular designs and *** this Account,we will introduce the cutting-edge design principles of controllable phase change materials that have demonstrated the storage of thermal energy for up to a couple of months without crystallization over a wide temperature range,from subzero to over 100℃,which addresses the major weakness of conventional phase change *** particular,materials that are controlled by solar irradiation and compounds that exhibit sub

关键词： crystallization latent Storage

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Effects of total parenteral nutrition on drug metabolism gene expression in mice

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第1期10卷 153-158页

作者： Christina Ferrucci-Da Silva le Zhan Jianliang Shen Bo Kong Michael JCampbell Naureen Memon Thomas Hegyi Lucy Lu grace L.Guo Division of Neonatology Department of PediatricsRobert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey New BrunswickNJ 08901USA Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08854USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08854USA MidAtlantic Neonatology Associates MorristownNJ 07960USA School of Pharmacy University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Environmental and Occupational Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08854USA VA NJ Health Care Systems East OrangeNJ 07018USA Monmouth Medical Center in Long Branch NJ 07740USA

Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease(PNALD)is a liver dysfunction caused by various risk factors presented in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition(TPN).Omega-6 rich Intralipid?and omega-3 rich Omegaven?are two intravenous lipid emulsions used in *** could affect the hepatic expression of genes in anti-oxidative stress,but it’s unknown whether TPN affects genes in drug *** this study,either Intralipid?-or Omegaven?-based TPN was administered to mice and the expression of a cohort of genes involved in anti-oxidative stress or drug metabolism was analyzed,glutathione(GSH)levels were measured,and protein levels for two key drug metabolism geneswere ***,the expression of most genes was downregulated by Intralipid?-based TPN(Gstpl,Gstml,3,6,Nqol,Ho-1,Mt-1,Gclc,Gclm,Cyp2d9,2f2,2b 10,and 3a11).Omegaven?showed similar results as Intralipid?except for preserving the expression of Gstml and Cyp3a11,and increasing *** GSH levels were decreased by Intralipid?,but increased by Omegaven?.CYP3A11 protein levels were increased by Omegaven?.In conclusion,TPN reduced the expression of many genes involved in anti-oxidative stress and drug metabolism in ***,Omegaven?preserved expression of Cyp3a11,suggesting another beneficial effect of Omegaven?in protecting liver functions.

关键词： Total parenteral nutrition Glutathione Drug metabolism Liver Parenteral nutritionassociated liver disease

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Consistency analysis of grace and grace-FO data in the study of global mean sea level change

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第4期13卷 321-326页

作者： le Chang Wenke Sun College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Global mean sea level(GMSL) change is one of the important indicators of global climate change and is a crucial scientific issue of continuing interest. As satellite altimeter data, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(grace) and Argo continue to be updated, especially with the release of grace Follow-On(grace-FO) data, making it necessary to combine these latest data to estimate sea level change. Determinations on whether the grace and grace-FO observation systems provide unbiased global observation data have not been effectively evaluated. Therefore, this research mainly investigated the consistency of grace and grace-FO observation data in studying GMSL change. By comparing the sum of the GMSL calculated by the two gravity satellites and Argo data with the GMSL calculated by satellite altimeters, the discrepancy between grace-FO + Argo and satellite altimeter data is about 7.9 ± 2.3 mm, which is likely derived from the inconsistency between grace and grace-FO data.

关键词： GMSL grace grace-FO Altimetry Argo

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The Effect of Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Applications on the Yield of Winter Wheat, Spring Barley, Forage Maize and Grass Cut for Silage

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第2期6卷 103-109页

作者： grace H. Smith Keith Chaney Charles Murray Minh Son le Harper Adams University Newport UK United Utilities Group PLC Lingley Mere Business Park Warrington UK

Biosolids were applied with urea to produce a granulated organo-mineral fertiliser (OMF) for application by farm fertiliser equipment to a range of agricultural crops. The recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphate and potash were calculated for the test crops using “The Fertiliser Manual”, which assesses the nutrient requirement based on previous cropping, rainfall and soil index. The OMF produced similar crop yields compared to ammonium nitrate fertiliser when applied as a top-dressing to winter wheat, forage maize and grass cut for silage in the cropping years 2010 to 2014. In 2012 the grain yield of spring barley top-dressed with OMF was significantly lower than the conventional fertiliser treatment, due to dry conditions following application. For this reason it is recommended that OMF is incorporated into the seedbed for spring sown crops and The Safe Sludge Matrix guidelines followed. The experimental work presented shows that OMF can be used in sustainable crop production systems as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for a range of agricultural crops.

关键词： Biosolids Organo-Mineral Fertiliser Crop Yield Winter Wheat Spring Barley Forage Maize Grass Silage

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Baseline Clinical Profile of a “Normal Popu-lation” of HIV Exposed Sero-Negative (HESN) Partners May Impact HIV Biomedical Prevention Studies Negatively

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World Journal of AIDS 2015年第4期5卷 299-307页

作者： Pam Datong Evaezi Okpokoro Sophia Osawe Ruth Datiri grace Choji Felicia Okolo Rebecca Abimiku Ille Mamman Alash’le Abimiku Plateau State Specialist Hospital Jos Nigeria Plateau State Human Virology Research Centre Jos Nigeria Institute of Human Virology Abuja Nigeria Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA

The burden and viral diversity of HIV in Nigeria makes it suitable to evaluate biomedical prevention strategies including HIV vaccines. We document baseline clinical characteristics of a cohort of HIV Exposed Sero-Negative (HESN) partners to highlight background morbidities that might impact the interpretation of research findings especially in low income countries where “normal control” is based on physical appearance and self-reporting. We established a 2-year prospective cohort of HESN, and obtained, at baseline medical history, general physical examination findings and safety laboratory tests results. Among 534 participants with a mean age of 37 ± 9 years, the commonest symptoms were headache (25.5%) and fever (20%), which occurred more among females. Also, 13% reported a history of urethral/vaginal discharge and genital ulcer. High blood pressure (HBP) (i.e. blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmhg) was a major abnormal examination finding, which occurred more among males (53.2% vs 26.2%, p le participants had abnormal laboratory results with 31% having low hemoglobin concentration (levated alanine transaminase level (p = 0.019) and 28% with abnormal blood urea nitrogen level (p = 0.093). HBP and abnormal safety laboratory are significant findings among so called “normal population” that could affect interpretation of research findings of HIV biomedical prevention studies in Nigeria.

关键词： Clinical Characteristics Discordant Couple Developing Country HIV Vaccine Trial Nigeria

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Thyroid fine needle aspiration

Thyroid fine needle aspiration

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2013年

作者： grace C. H. Yang.

ISBN: (纸本)9781107022201

This practical text and color atlas tells the story of 350 patients, covering a wide range of thyroid lesions with high quality composite images that correlate cytology with histology, and radiology with pathology. Each case includes clinical presentation and final pathology. Concise, easy-to-read text enables readers to quickly find the information they need for accurate diagnosis. 'Lookalike' le

关键词： Thyroid gland Diseases Cytodiagnosis. Thyroid gland Needle biopsy. Thyroid Neoplasms diagnosis. Biopsy, Fine-Needle methods. Thyroid Gland pathology.

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Hygienic and Dietary Measures in Cameroonian Hypertensive Patients Followed at the Douala General Hospital: Knowledge, Compliance and Effect on Blood Pressure Control

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第1期13卷 21-31页

作者： Félicité Kamdem grace Eugénie Makota Ndongo Christelle Noche Domngang Hamadou Ba Jaff Fenkeu Kweban Glwadys Ngono Atéba Sidick Mouliom Henri Ngoté Lade Viché Caroline Kenmegne Marie Solange Ndom Ebongue Siddikatou Djibrilla Elysée Claude Bika Léle Samuel Kingue Department of Internal Medicine Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Intensive Care Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of N’Gaoundéré N’Gaoundéré Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Physiology and Medicine of Physical Activities and Sports Unit University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Introduction: The management of hypertension is mostly based on pharmacotherapy and hygienic and dietary measures (HDMs) for which little data is available in Cameroon. The concern to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients led us to study the knowledge, compliance and effect of HDMs among Cameroonian hypertensive patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the Douala General Hospital;the census of patients was carried out from 05 March to 10 May 2018. The data evaluated were knowledge and compliance with HDMs with an inference of their effect on blood pressure control. Results: We recruited 330 participants at mean age of 60 ± 11 years, 37.9% men;57.3% with blood pressure (BP) controlled. Out of 330 subjects, 308 (93.3%) who had been educated about dietary health measures for hypertension were assessed on knowledge, compliance and effect of these measures against 22 (6.7%) who had never heard about them. Around 85.7% of participants had good knowledge of HDMs and 78.9% had good compliance with them. There was no statistically significant influence of knowledge and compliance with HDMs on blood pressure control. Conclusion: The level of knowledge and adherence to HDMs of hypertensive patients at the Douala General Hospital was appreciable. It is however appropriate for physicians to intensify patient education on HDMs and BP control.

关键词： Hypertension Hygienic and Dietary Measures Blood Pressure Control Knowledge Compliance

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Epidemiology of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy in the Mbam and Sanaga river valleys of Cameroon:impact of more than 13 years of ivermectin

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 1191-1201页

作者： Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Godwin Tatah Earnest Njih Tabah leonard Ngarka leonard Njamnshi Nfor Samuel Eric Chokote Michel KMengnjo Fidele Dema Aurelien Tele Sitouok grace Nkoro Felicien ENtone Anne-Cecile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek Cedric BChesnais Michel Boussinesq Robert Colebunders Alfred K.Njamnshi Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Neurology Department YaoundeCentral HospitalYaoundeCameroon Neurology Department CH Saint-NazaireSaint-NazaireFrance Neuroscience Laboratory FMBSThe University of YaoundeIYaoundeCameroon Ministry of Public Health YaoundeCameroon Neurology Department CHU BrugmanBrusselsBelgium Yoko District Hospital YaoundeCameroon UMI 233 Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement(IRD)MontpellierFrance UniversiteMontpellier MontpellierFrance INSERM Unite1175 MontpellierFrance Brain Research Africa Initiative(BRAIN) YaoundeCameroon.

Background:A high epilepsy prevalence has been reported in several onchocerciasis-endemic villages along the Mbam and Sanaga river valleys in Cameroon,including Bilomo and *** sought to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in these two villages following more than 13 years of community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTI).Methods:Door-to-door surveys were performed on the entire resident population in the villages in August 2017 and January *** was diagnosed using a 2-step approach:administration of a standardized 5-item questionnaire followed by confirmation by a *** published diagnostic criteria for onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE)were ***16 serology was done for children aged 7-10 years to assess onchocerciasis *** were compared with previous data from these two ***:A total of 1525 individuals(1321 in Bilomo and 204 in Kelleng)in 233 households were surveyed in both *** crude prevalence of epilepsy was 4.6%in Bilomo(2017)and 7.8%in Kelleng(2018),including 12(15.6%of cases)persons with epilepsy(PWE)with nodding *** age and sex-standardized prevalence in Kelleng decreased from 13.5%in 2004 to 9.3%in 2018(Pleng(P=0.112).Furthermore,47.6%of all tested children between 7 and 10 years had Ov16 ***:There is a decrease in epilepsy prevalence after 13 years and more of CDTI in both *** age-shift observed in PWE suggests that ivermectin may prevent OAE in younger ***16 seropositivity in children indicates ongoing onchocerciasis transmission possibly due to suboptimal control *** findings support the existence of OAE in Cameroon and highlight the need to strengthen onchocerciasis elimination programs.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Ov16 rapid diagnostic test Ivermectin Cameroon

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Mitogenomic phylogeny of the Asian colobine genus Trachypithecus with special focus on Trachypithecus phayrei(Blyth, 1847) and description of a new species

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Zoological Research 2020年第6期41卷 656-669页

作者： Christian Roos Kristofer MHelgen Roberto Portela Miguez Naw May Lay Thant Ngwe Lwin Aung Ko Lin Aung Lin Khin Mar Yi Paing Soe Zin Mar Hein Margaret Nyein Nyein Myint Tanvir Ahmed Dilip Chetry Melina Urh Egrace Veatch Neil Duncan Pepijn Kamminga Marcus AHChua Lu Yao Christian Matauschek Dirk Meyer Zhi-Jin Liu Ming Li Tilo Nadler Peng-Fei Fan le Khac Quyet Michael Hofreiter Dietmar Zinner Frank Momberg Primate Genetics Laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGoettingen 37077Germany Gene Bank of Primates German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGoettingen 37077Germany Chances for Nature(CfN) Goettingen 37073Germany Australian Museum Research Institute Australian MuseumSydneyNew South Wales 2010Australia Natural History Museum London SW7 BDUK Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS)-Myanmar Program Yangon 11041Myanmar Fauna&Flora International(FFI)-Myanmar Programme Yangon 11201Myanmar Popa Mountain Park Nature and Wildlife Conservation DivisionForest DepartmentPopa 05242Myanmar World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF)-Myanmar Yangon 11191Myanmar Department of Zoology Jagannath UniversityDhaka 1100Bangladesh Primate Research and Conservation Division AaranyakGuwahatiAssam 781028India Department of Anthropology Emory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA Department of Anthropology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Department of Mammalogy American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNY 10024USA Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden 2333 CRThe Netherlands lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum National University of SingaporeSingapore 117377Singapore Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Cuc Phuong Commune Nho Quan DistrictNinh Binh ProvinceVietnam School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Endangered Species Ho-Chi-Minh CityVietnam Institute for Biochemistry and Biology University of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Cognitive Ethology Laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGoettingen 37077Germany leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition Goettingen 37077Germany De

Trachypithecus,which currently contains 20 species divided into four groups,is the most speciose and geographically dispersed genus among Asian *** several morphological and molecular studies,however,its evolutionary history and phylogeography remain poorly ***’s langur(Trachypithecus phayrei) is one of the most widespread members of the genus,but details on its actual distribution and intraspecific taxonomy are limited and ***,to elucidate the evolutionary history of Trachypithecus and to clarify the intraspecific taxonomy and distribution of ***,we sequenced 41 mitochondrial genomes from georeferenced fecal samples and museum specimens,including two *** analyses revealed a robustly supported phylogeny of Trachypithecus,suggesting that the *** group branched first,followed by the *** group,and the *** and *** groups most *** four species groups diverged from each other 4.5-3.1 million years ago(Ma),while speciation events within these groups occurred much more recently(1.6-0.3 Ma).Within ***,we found three clades that diverged 1.0-0.9 Ma,indicating the existence of three rather than two *** the phylogenetic species concept and based on genetic,morphological,and ecological differences,we elevate the *** subspecies to species level,describe a new species from central Myanmar,and refine the distribution of the three ***,our study highlights the importance of museum specimens and provides new insights not only into the evolutionary history of *** but the entire Trachypithecus genus as well.

关键词： Colobinae Integrative zoology Mitochondrial genome Museum specimens New species

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