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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl Lászlógál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNgCs). However, the use of tNgCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNgC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNgCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNgCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNgCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNgCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNgCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNgCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNgCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

The effect of reactive plasticizer on viscoelastic and mechanical properties of solid rocket propellants based on different types of HTPB resin

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 66-77页

作者： Tihomir Kovacevic Slavko Mijatov Jelena grzetic Suzana Cakic Bojana Fidanovski Sasa Brzic Military Technical Institute Ministry of DefenceRatka Resanovica 1BelgradeSerbia Faculty of Technology University of NisBulevar osloboCenja 124LeskovacSerbia

Conventional plasticizers deteriorate mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the propellants due to their migration upon aging and long-term storage,which affects reliability and safety properties during *** address this issue,conventional plasticizer,dioctyl adipate(DOA),is replaced by reactive one,castor oil(CO).In addition,three different types of HTPB were used to obtain propellants with designed viscoelastic and mechanical *** CO increased propellants viscosity,without a significant impact on the propellant processability,regardless to the type of ***,mechanical properties were different depending on the type of resin,which were further analyzed by gel permeation chromatography(gPC).Addition of CO formed a denser polymer network and shifted T_(g) to higher values,compared to the compositions with *** tensile strength of CO-containing propellants was lower at +20℃ and +50℃ compared to the reference compositions,while the strain at maximum load and strain at break were significantly increased with pronounced plastic deformation,especially for samples at -30℃.The inclusion of CO in the propellants composition gives more room for adjusting a wide range of mechanical properties.

关键词： HTPB-based composite propellants Castor oil Reactive plasticizer gel permeation chromatography Sol-gel analysis Mechanical and viscoelastic properties

global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias gilmar M.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva Robert g.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera gr.gore I.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions weregher among boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

Immune consequences of exercise in hypoxia:A narrative review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 297-310,I0002页

作者： Johannes Burtscher Qadar Pasha Neha Chanana gr.goire P.Millet Martin Burtscher Barbara Strasser Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Institute of Hypoxia Research New Delhi 110067India Department of Biochemistry Jamia HamdardNew Delhi 110062India Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud Private UniversityVienna 1020Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research Vienna 1100Austria

Immune outcomes are key mediators of many health benefits of exercise and are determined by exercise type,dose(frequency/duration,intensity),and individual ***,reduced availability of ambient oxygen(hypoxia)modulates immune functions depending on the hypoxic dose and the individual capacity to respond to *** combined exercise and hypoxia(e.g.,high-altitude training)sculpts immune responses is not well understood,although such combinations are becoming increasingly ***,in this paper,we summarize the impact on immune responses of exercise and of hypoxia,both independently and together,with a focus on specialized cells in the innate and adaptive immune *** review the regulation of the immune system by tissue oxygen levels and the overlapping and distinct immune responses related to exercise and hypoxia,then we discuss how they may be modulated by nutritional ***,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlie many of the adaptations that can lead to improved cellular metabolism,resilience,and overall immune functions by regulating the survival,differentiation,activation,and migration of immune *** review shows that exercise and hypoxia can impair or complement/synergize with each other while regulating immune system *** acclimatization,training,and nutritional strategies can be used to avoid risks and tap into the synergistic potentials of the poorly studied immune consequences of exercising in a hypoxic state.

关键词： Altitude Exercise Hypoxia Immune response Training

Nutraceutical Potentiality of Fruits of Red Variety of Pseudospondias microcarpa (A. Rich) Engl.

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 224-234页

作者： Babouongolo Sévère-grébel Niang Lahat Nkounkou-Loumpangou Célestine Bonazaba Milandou Longin Justin Clair Ouamba Jean-Maurille Plant and Life Chemistry Unit (UC2V in French) Faculty of Science and Techniques University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Eau-Energie-Environnement and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI in French) University of Dakar Dakar Sénégal

The red fruits of Pseudospondias microcarpa (A. Rich) Engl. are widely consumed by the populations of northern Congo for their sweet and tangy flavor as well as for their characteristic smell. The objective of this study was to show the food potential of the fruits of this plant for their valorization. Organic solvent extracts were prepared and subjected to phytochemical screening to determine the nutrients and phytonutrients of this fruit. Raw juice was extracted by trituration without adding water and subjected to physicochemical and biochemical analyses in order to determine its quality and its antiradical activity. The raw juice obtained is moderately acidic (pH 3.28), very cloudy and colored (turbidity of 1019 NTU). It has a dry matter content of 3.771% ± 0.013% reflecting the 70% dominance of water in the weight of the fruit and the presence of dissolved organic matter in its juice. Energy nutrients (sugars, amino acids), carotenoids, coumarins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenes and sterols have been highlighted as nutrients with therapeutic potential commonly called phytonutrients of this fruit. The juice presented a dominance in polyphenols (134.8500 ± 0.0023 mg gallic acid/100 g) than in carotenoids (5.100 ± 0.010 mg carotene/100 g), high levels of mineral macroelements (calcium: 3570.00 ± 2.05 mg and potassium: 4576.00 ± 9.49 mg) and trace elements (copper: 11.13 ± 0.10 mg, iron: 3.02 ± 0.03 mg and zinc: 2.57 ± 0.08 mg). These compounds exhibited good antioxidant activity. The presence of these nutrients and phytonutrients in these fruits is interesting for the proper functioning of certain organs and the prevention of certain diseases. This fruit is therefore an energizing and functional food that can compete with conventional fruits whose juices are marketed.

关键词： Alicament Fruit Juice Pseudospondias microcarpa Phytochemistry

Hydrodynamic function and spring constant calibration of FluidFM micropipette cantilevers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 277-286页

作者： Attila Bonyár Ágoston g.Nagy Hans gunstheimer gotthold Fläschner Robert Horvath Department of Electronics Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and InformaticsBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapestHungary Nanobiosensorics Laboratory Institute of Technical Physics and Materials ScienceCentre for Energy ResearchHUN-RENBudapestHungary Nanosurf Ag Gräubernstrasse 12CH-4410 LiestalSwitzerland

Fluidic force microscopy(FluidFM)fuses the force sensitivity of atomic force microscopy with the manipulation capabilities of microfluidics by using microfabricated cantilevers with embedded fluidic *** innovation initiated new research and development directions in biology,biophysics,and material *** acquire reliable and reproducible data,the calibration of the force sensor is ***,the hollow FluidFM cantilevers contain a row of parallel pillars inside a rectangular *** precise spring constant calibration of the internally structured cantilever is far from trivial,and existing methods generally assume simplifications that are not applicable to these special types of *** addition,the Sader method,which is currently implemented by the FluidFM community,relies on the precise measurement of the quality factor,which renders the calibration of the spring constant sensitive to *** this study,the hydrodynamic function of these special types of hollow cantilevers was experimentally determined with different *** on the hydrodynamic function,a novel spring constant calibration method was adapted,which relied only on the two resonance frequencies of the cantilever,measured in air and in a *** on these results,our proposed method can be successfully used for the reliable,noise-free calibration of hollow FluidFM cantilevers.

关键词： spring cantilever function

Mass Screening Using Antigenic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests of COVID-19 in Bangui at the Beginning of the Second Wave in July 2021

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire Pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei Ernest Lango-Yaya Oscar Senzongo Luc Salva Hereidebona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian Simon Pounguinza Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alain Le Faou Jean De Dieu Longo François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou gérard grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic World Health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health and Population Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine Maieutic and Health Sciences University of Lorraine Pole Brabois Santé Nancy France Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun

Objective: COVID-19 surveillance was established as early as March 2020 in the Central African Republic (CAR), after the WHO statement relating to the identification of several cases outside China. However, given the non-performing molecular biology technical platform in many developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the second wave promised to be surprising and formidable. In this context, a mass survey was launched in Bangui to determine the prevalence of COVID-19. Patients and Methods: From March 18 to April 2, 2021, a mass screening campaign took place in tourist places, companies and the main hospital infrastructures. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from participants with and without symptoms of Influenza-like illness (ILI) and stored in VTM tubes. The Ag (COVID-19) and RT-PCR tests were carried out in Bangui at the LNBCSP. The sequencing of RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 positives was carried out at the INRB. Results: We included 1480 participants of whom 33 (2.23%) were SARS-COV-2 positive, of whom 24 were male and 9 female. This sex difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012) as the sex ratio M/F was 1.09. Sampling sites located in the 1st arrondissement were the most prolific (p = 0.006) and were sequenced. In addition to the analysis of the 33 samples from the predefined sites under study, 17 control sequences from the provinces generated during the same period are added. We detected 2 Variants Of Concern (VOC) including the predominant B.1.620 (43.86%) followed by B.1.1.7 or Alpha (5.10%). Conclusion: The study showed the importance of surveillance and the availability of means of diagnosis of COVID-19. The identified risk factors were sex and sampling site. This study has shown the importance of setting up sentinel sites for COVID-19 surveillance in all regions of the country and the appropriate use of the anti-COVID-19 vaccine.

关键词： COVID-19 Variants Central African Republic

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin g.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey g.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen g.galgóczi J.garcia g.Y.genov C.gordillo H-P.gröbelbauer M.guedel Y.guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin g.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson g.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab g.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space gmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics gmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

Two-flux method for radiation heat transfer in anisotropic gas-particles media

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第6期47卷 625-640页

作者： WANg Fei CEN Kefa T.girasole A.garo g.gréhan YAN Jianhua Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China LESP UMR 6614/CORIACNRSUniversitéet INSA de RouenBP1276801Saint Etienne du RouvrayFrance

Two-flux method can be used, as a simplification for the radiative heat transfer, to predict heat flux in a slab consisting of gas and particles. In the original two-flux method (Schuster, 1905 and Schwarzschild, 1906), the radiation field was assumed to be isotropic. But for gas-particles mixture in combustion environments, the scatterings of particles are usually anisotropic, and the original two-flux method gives critical errors when ignoring this anisotropy. In the present paper, a multilayer four-flux model developed by Rozé et al. (2001) is extended to calculate the radiation heat flux in a slab containing participating particles and gas mixture. The analytic resolution of the radiative transfer equation in the framework of a two-flux approach is presented. The average crossing parameter ε and the forward scattering ratio ζ are defined to describe the anisotropy of the radiative field. To validate the model, the radiation transfer in a slab has been computed. Comparisons with the exact analytical result of Modest (1993) and the original two-flux model show the exactness and the improvement. The emissivity of a slab containing flyash/CO2/H2O mixture is obtained using the new model. The result is identical with that of goodwin (1989).

关键词： radiative transfer two-flux anisotropic