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Development of an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS for the monitoring of current-use pesticides and their metabolites in human urine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期34卷 153-163页

作者： Beibei Gao Giulia Poma govindan malarvannan Catalina Dumitrascu Michiel Bastiaensen Minghua Wang Adrian Covaci Toxicological Centre University of AntwerpWilrijk 2610Belgium Department of Pesticide Science College of Plant ProtectionState and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Pyrethroids,organophosphorus pesticides and fipronil have been listed as priority chemicals in human biomonitoring studies because of their wide use and potential health effects in humans.The determination of 13 pesticides,including pyrethroids(deltamethrin,cypermethrin,permethrin,cyfluthrin,bifenthrin),organophosphorus(chlorpyrifos,chlorpyrifosmethyl,and malathion),fipronil,neonicotinoids(imidacloprid,acetamiprid and thiacloprid)and triazole(prothioconazole),together with 13 corresponding metabolites in human urine samples was achieved by solid-phase extraction and analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.All targeted compounds,except malathion dicarboxylic acid,were measured with a mean within-accuracy(n=5)of 71%–114%(RSD:1%–14%)and between-run(n=15)accuracy of 80%–118%(RSD:2%–14%).Limits of quantitation of the targeted analytes ranged from 0.1 to 16 pg/m L.The detection result of urine samples from 25 volunteers indicated that the detection frequencies of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol(median:448 pg/m L),6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid(median:193 pg/m L),2-methyl-3-phenylbenzoic acid(median:181 pg/m L),3-phenoxybenzoic acid(median:99 pg/m L),2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol(median:77 pg/m L),cyfluthrin(median:59 pg/m L),cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid(cis-DCCA,median:53 pg/m L),trans-DCCA(median:25 pg/m L),prothioconazole(median:21 pg/m L),imidacloprid(median:7 pg/m L),and prothioconazole-desthio(median:1 pg/m L)were>50%.The obtained results show that the validated method is suitable for the human biomonitoring of these currentuse pesticides and their metabolites.

关键词： Pyrethroids Organophosphorus Fipronil Neonicotinoids Urine Biomonitoring

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Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Epigenomes Exhibit Altered DNA Methylation in Smokers and Neversmokers

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第5期21卷 991-1013页

作者： Jennifer A.Karlow Erica C.Pehrsson Xiaoyun Xing Mark Watson Siddhartha Devarakonda Ramaswamy govindan Ting Wang Department of Genetics Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Medicine Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA McDonnell Genome Institute Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA

Epigenetic alterations are widespread in cancer and can complement genetic alterations to influence cancer progression and treatment outcome.To determine the potential contribution of DNA methylation alterations to tumor phenotype in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in both smoker and never-smoker patients,we performed genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in 17 primary NSCLC tumors and 10 matched normal lung samples using the complementary assays,methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeDIP-seq)and methylation sensitive restric-tion enzyme sequencing(MRE-seq).We reported recurrent methylation changes in the promoters of several genes,many previously implicated in cancer,including FAM83A and SEPT9(hy-pomethylation),as well as PCDH7,NKX2-1,and SOX17(hypermethylation).Although many methylation changes between tumors and their paired normal samples were shared across patients,several were specific to a particular smoking status.For example,never-smokers displayed a greater proportion of hypomethylated differentially methylated regions(hypoDMRs)and a greater number of recurrently hypomethylated promoters,including those of ASPSCRI,TOP2A,DPP9,and USP39,all previously linked to cancer.Changes outside of promoters were also widespread and often recurrent,particularly methylation loss over repetitive elements,highly enriched for ERV1 subfamilies.Recurrent hypoDMRs were enriched for several transcription factor binding motifs,often for genes involved in signaling and cell proliferation.For example,71%of recurrent promoter hypoDMRs contained a motif for NKX2-1.Finally,the majority of DMRs were located within an active chromatin state in tissues profiled using the Roadmap Epigenomics data,suggesting that methylation changes may contribute to altered regulatory programs through the adaptation of cell type-specific expression programs.

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer Epigenomics M&M methylCRF DNA methylation

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Protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second wave among individuals with pre-existing binding antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: A population-based study from Puducherry, India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第10期16卷 476-478页

作者： Premkumar Ramasubramani Dhanajayan govindan Nandini Balakrishnan Krishnan Tamilarasu Kadhiravan Sitanshu Sekhar Kar Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER)PuducherryIndia Department of General Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER)PuducherryIndia

During the COVID-19 pandemic,several studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of subsequent reinfection with a... 详细信息

关键词： infection acute respiratory

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Erratum to:Phase-pure two-dimensional Fe_(x)GeTe_(2)magnets with near-roomtemperature T_(C)

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5757-5757页

作者： govindan Kutty Rajendran Nair Zhaowei Zhang Fuchen Hou Ali Abdelaziem Xiaodong Xu Steve Wu Qing Yang Nan Zhang Weiqi Li Chao Zhu Yao Wu Heng Weiling Lixing Kang Teddy Salim Jiadong Zhou Lin Ke Junhao Lin Xingji Li Weibo Gao Zheng Liu School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave639798Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang Link637371Singapore Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis Way138634Singapore School of Material Science and Engineering School of PhysicsHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of for Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences(NILES) Cairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES UMI 3288Research Techno Plaza637553Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave639798Singapore

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Single image shadow removal by optimization using non-shadow anchor values

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第3期5卷 311-324页

作者： Saritha Murali V.K.govindan Saidalavi Kalady Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut

Shadow removal has evolved as a preprocessing step for various computer vision tasks.Several studies have been carried out over the past two decades to eliminate shadows from videos and images. Accurate shadow detection is an open problem because it is often considered difficult to interpret whether the darkness of a surface is contributed by a shadow incident on it or not. This paper introduces a color-model based technique to remove shadows from images. We formulate shadow removal as an optimization problem that minimizes the dissimilarities between a shadow area and its non-shadow counterpart.To achieve this, we map each shadow region to a set of non-shadow pixels, and compute an anchor value from the non-shadow pixels. The shadow region is then modified using a factor computed from the anchor value using particle swarm optimization. We demonstrate the efficiency of our technique on indoor shadows, outdoor shadows, soft shadows, and document shadows, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

关键词： mean-shift segmentation particle swarm optimization HSV YCbCr anchor values

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Bagging with CTD–A Novel Signature for the Hierarchical Prediction of Secreted Protein Trafcking in Eukaryotes

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2013年第6期11卷 385-390页

作者： Geetha govindan Achuthsankar S.Nair Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics University of Kerala

Protein trafficking or protein sorting in eukaryotes is a complicated process and is carried out based on the information contaified in the protein. Many methods reported prediction of the subcellular location of proteins from sequence information. However, most of these prediction methods use a flat structure or parallel architecture to perform prediction. In this work, we introduce ensemble classifiers with features that are extracted directly from full length protein sequences to predict locations in the protein-sorting pathway hierarchically. Sequence driven features, sequence mapped features and sequence autocorrelation features were tested with ensemble learners and their performances were compared. When evaluated by independent data testing, ensemble based-bagging algorithms with sequence feature composition, transition and distribution （CTD） successfully classified two datasets with accuracies greater than 90%. We compared our results with similar published methods, and our method equally performed with the others at two levels in the secreted pathway. This study shows that the feature CTD extracted from protein sequences is effective in capturing biological features among compartments in secreted pathways.

关键词： Sequence driven features Sequence mapped features Autocorrelation Ensemble classifiter Protein Sorting

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Assessing resource vulnerability quadrants under changing precipitation trends in Uttarakhand,Central Himalayan region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第10期18卷 2722-2741页

作者： Ayushi VLJHANI Vinay Shankar Prasad SINHA Mini govindan Department of Natural Resources TERI School of Advanced Studies10 Institutional AreaVasant Kunj New Delhi 110070India The Energy and Resources Institute India Habitat CentreNew Delhi 110003India

The Central Himalayan region is vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change and characterized by regional climatic conditions.The livelihood of the mountain communities across the Himalaya is at risk owing to the consequences of variable precipitation patterns.There exists limited empirical research on precipitation variability due to inadequate hydro-meteorological stations at highaltitude regions.The study uses a novel methodology which integrates precipitation variability with resource sensitivity over the three verticals of Central Himalaya:Himadri,Himachal and Shivaliks and across four major river basins:Yamuna,Upper Ganga,Ghaghar and Ramganga.The magnitude of the significant precipitation trends was estimated through time series analysis at a 95%confidence interval.To assess the sensitivity of natural resources(forest,water and land)and human resources,fourteen mountain-specific indicators were identified which captured resource index using data standardization and principal component analysis.Sen’s slope and Resource index were plotted in a 2D Cartesian coordinate to draw precipitation-resource quadrants with their effective coverage area:High Precipitation and Scarce Resources(35.92%);Low Precipitation and Abundant Resources(30.10%);Low Precipitation and Scarce Resources(22.33%)and High Precipitation and Abundant Resources(11.65%).This helped in developing quadrant-specific adaptation strategies under regional variability of precipitation.The methodology and the research findings will certainly assist water experts,resource managers and policy makers to strengthen adaptive capacity and improve the resilience of vulnerable communities across Himalaya.

关键词： Climate Change Trend analysis Resource-quadrant Vulnerability Adaptation Central Himalaya

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A HYBRID APPROACH FOR MINIMIZING MAKESPAN IN PERMUTATION FLOWSHOP SCHEDULING

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第1期26卷 50-76页

作者： Kannan govindan R'Balasundaram N.Baskar e.Asokan Center for Sustainable Engineering Operations Management Department of Technology and Innovation University of Southern Denmark Odense M Denmark-5230 Department of Mechanical Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India Pin-621112 Department of Mechanical Engineering Saranathan College of Engineering Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India Pin 620012 Department of Production Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India Pin-620015

This work proposes a hybrid approach for solving traditional flowshop scheduling problems to reduce the makespan （total completion time）. To solve scheduling problems, a combination of Decision Tree （DT） and Scatter Search （SS） algorithms are used. Initially, the DT is used to generate a seed solution which is then given input to the SS to obtain optimal / near optimal solutions of makespan. The DT used the entropy function to convert the given problem into a tree structured format / set of rules. The SS provides an extensive investigation of the search space through diversification. The advantages of both DT and SS are used to form a hybrid approach. The proposed algorithm is tested with various benchmark datasets available for flowshop scheduling. The statistical results prove that the proposed method is competent and efficient for solving flowshop problems.

关键词： Flowshop scheduling makespan decision tree algorithm scatter search algorithm hybrid algorithm

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Controlled growth of ultrathin ferromagneticβ-MnSe semiconductor

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SmartMat 2022年第3期3卷 482-490页

作者： Jingyun Zou Yumeng Yang Dianyi Hu Lixing Kang Chao Zhu Dan Tian Xiaodong Lv govindan Kutty Yuxi Guo Manzhang Xu Fengyu Li Guo Hong Zheng Liu Division of Advanced Nano‐Materials Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhouChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and TechnologySuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhouChina School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore College of Materials Science and Engineering Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina School of Physical Science and Technology Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoTaipaMacaoChina Department of Physics and Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacaoChina

Two-dimensional(2D)magnetic crystals with intrinsic ferromagnetism are highly desirable for novel spin-electronic devices.However,the controllable synthesis of 2D magnets,especially the direct growth of 2D magnets on substrate surfaces,is still a challenge.Here,we demonstrate the synthesis of ultrathin zinc-blende phase manganese selenide(β-MnSe)nanosheets using the chemical vapor deposition(CVD)technique.The 2Dβ-MnSe crystals exhibit distinct ferromagnetic properties with a Curie temperature of 42.3 K.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations suggest that the ferromagnetic order inβ-MnSe originates from the exchange coupling between the unsaturated Se and Mn atoms.This study presents significant progress in the CVD growth of ultrathin 2D magnetic materials by thinning bulk magnets,and it will pave the way for the building of energy-efficient spintronic devices in the future.

关键词： 2D ferromagnetism controllable growth manganese selenide morphological engineering nonlayered crystals

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Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Hypsizygus ulmarius polysaccharide on alcoholic liver injury in rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2021年第4期10卷 523-535页

作者： Sudha govindan Angu Jayabal Jayasakthi Shanmugam Prasanna Ramani Department of Biochemistry School of BiosciencesPeriyar UniversitySalemIndia Department of Biochemistry Kongunadu Arts and Science CollegeBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia Dhanvanthri Lab Department of SciencesAmrita School of EngineeringCoimbatoreAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials&Green Technologies(CoE–AMGT) Amrita School of EngineeringCoimbatoreAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia

Hypsizygus ulmarius polysaccharide(HUP)is a water-soluble polysaccharide obtained by hot water extraction,followed by precipitation and deproteinization.The characteristics of HUP,antioxidant activity and liver protection against alcohol-induced liver damage were studied.Structural characteristics indicate that the HUP is a pyran-type polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 2076 Da.In antioxidant scavenging assay,HUP showed moderate DMPD radical scavenging activity,cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and inhibitory effect against lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner.Regarding in vivo hepatoprotective activity,compared with the ethanol induction group,pre-treatment of low and high doses of HUP signifi cantly reduced the behaviours of serum enzymes,lowered the levels of hepatic oxidative stress markers,restored the levels of biochemical constituents,enhanced the levels of liver and serum enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants,and improved the serum lipid levels of alcohol-intoxicated rats.The hepatoprotective effect of HUP was comparable to positive control silymarin.Besides,HUP pre-treatment signifi cantly normalized the histopathological changes induced by ethanol.The results indicate that HUP could be used as a functional food and may protect the biological system from oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity,thus having a signifi cant protective effect on acute alcoholic liver injury.

关键词： Hypsizygus ulmarius polysaccharide Antioxidant activity Hepatoprotective behaviour Ethanol consumption Liver damage

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