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Development of an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS for the monitoring of current-use pesticides and their metabolites in human urine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期34卷 153-163页

作者： Beibei Gao Giulia Poma govindan malarvannan Catalina Dumitrascu Michiel Bastiaensen Minghua Wang Adrian Covaci Toxicological Centre University of AntwerpWilrijk 2610Belgium Department of Pesticide Science College of Plant ProtectionState and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Pyrethroids,organophosphorus pesticides and fipronil have been listed as priority chemicals in human biomonitoring studies because of their wide use and potential health effects in *** determination of 13 pesticides,including pyrethroids(deltamethrin,cypermethrin,permethrin,cyfluthrin,bifenthrin),organophosphorus(chlorpyrifos,chlorpyrifosmethyl,and malathion),fipronil,neonicotinoids(imidacloprid,acetamiprid and thiacloprid)and triazole(prothioconazole),together with 13 corresponding metabolites in human urine samples was achieved by solid-phase extraction and analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass *** targeted compounds,except malathion dicarboxylic acid,were measured with a mean within-accuracy(n=5)of 71%–114%(RSD:1%–14%)and between-run(n=15)accuracy of 80%–118%(RSD:2%–14%).Limits of quantitation of the targeted analytes ranged from 0.1 to 16 pg/m *** detection result of urine samples from 25 volunteers indicated that the detection frequencies of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol(median:448 pg/m L),6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid(median:193 pg/m L),2-methyl-3-phenylbenzoic acid(median:181 pg/m L),3-phenoxybenzoic acid(median:99 pg/m L),2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol(median:77 pg/m L),cyfluthrin(median:59 pg/m L),cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid(cis-DCCA,median:53 pg/m L),trans-DCCA(median:25 pg/m L),prothioconazole(median:21 pg/m L),imidacloprid(median:7 pg/m L),and prothioconazole-desthio(median:1 pg/m L)were>50%.The obtained results show that the validated method is suitable for the human biomonitoring of these currentuse pesticides and their metabolites.

关键词： Pyrethroids Organophosphorus Fipronil Neonicotinoids Urine Biomonitoring

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Single image shadow removal by optimization using non-shadow anchor values

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第3期5卷 311-324页

作者： Saritha Murali V.K.govindan Saidalavi Kalady Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut

Shadow removal has evolved as a preprocessing step for various computer vision *** studies have been carried out over the past two decades to eliminate shadows from videos and images. Accurate shadow detection is an open problem because it is often considered difficult to interpret whether the darkness of a surface is contributed by a shadow incident on it or not. This paper introduces a color-model based technique to remove shadows from images. We formulate shadow removal as an optimization problem that minimizes the dissimilarities between a shadow area and its non-shadow *** achieve this, we map each shadow region to a set of non-shadow pixels, and compute an anchor value from the non-shadow pixels. The shadow region is then modified using a factor computed from the anchor value using particle swarm optimization. We demonstrate the efficiency of our technique on indoor shadows, outdoor shadows, soft shadows, and document shadows, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

关键词： mean-shift segmentation particle swarm optimization HSV YCbCr anchor values

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Assessing resource vulnerability quadrants under changing precipitation trends in Uttarakhand,Central Himalayan region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第10期18卷 2722-2741页

作者： Ayushi VLJHANI Vinay Shankar Prasad SINHA Mini govindan Department of Natural Resources TERI School of Advanced Studies10 Institutional AreaVasant Kunj New Delhi 110070India The Energy and Resources Institute India Habitat CentreNew Delhi 110003India

The Central Himalayan region is vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change and characterized by regional climatic *** livelihood of the mountain communities across the Himalaya is at risk owing to the consequences of variable precipitation *** exists limited empirical research on precipitation variability due to inadequate hydro-meteorological stations at highaltitude *** study uses a novel methodology which integrates precipitation variability with resource sensitivity over the three verticals of Central Himalaya:Himadri,Himachal and Shivaliks and across four major river basins:Yamuna,Upper Ganga,Ghaghar and *** magnitude of the significant precipitation trends was estimated through time series analysis at a 95%confidence *** assess the sensitivity of natural resources(forest,water and land)and human resources,fourteen mountain-specific indicators were identified which captured resource index using data standardization and principal component ***’s slope and Resource index were plotted in a 2D Cartesian coordinate to draw precipitation-resource quadrants with their effective coverage area:High Precipitation and Scarce Resources(35.92%);Low Precipitation and Abundant Resources(30.10%);Low Precipitation and Scarce Resources(22.33%)and High Precipitation and Abundant Resources(11.65%).This helped in developing quadrant-specific adaptation strategies under regional variability of *** methodology and the research findings will certainly assist water experts,resource managers and policy makers to strengthen adaptive capacity and improve the resilience of vulnerable communities across Himalaya.

关键词： Climate Change Trend analysis Resource-quadrant Vulnerability Adaptation Central Himalaya

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A HYBRID APPROACH FOR MINIMIZING MAKESPAN IN PERMUTATION FLOWSHOP SCHEDULING

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第1期26卷 50-76页

作者： Kannan govindan R'Balasundaram N.Baskar e.Asokan Center for Sustainable Engineering Operations Management Department of Technology and Innovation University of Southern Denmark Odense M Denmark-5230 Department of Mechanical Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India Pin-621112 Department of Mechanical Engineering Saranathan College of Engineering Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India Pin 620012 Department of Production Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India Pin-620015

This work proposes a hybrid approach for solving traditional flowshop scheduling problems to reduce the makespan （total completion time）. To solve scheduling problems, a combination of Decision Tree （DT） and Scatter Search （SS） algorithms are used. Initially, the DT is used to generate a seed solution which is then given input to the SS to obtain optimal / near optimal solutions of makespan. The DT used the entropy function to convert the given problem into a tree structured format / set of rules. The SS provides an extensive investigation of the search space through diversification. The advantages of both DT and SS are used to form a hybrid approach. The proposed algorithm is tested with various benchmark datasets available for flowshop scheduling. The statistical results prove that the proposed method is competent and efficient for solving flowshop problems.

关键词： Flowshop scheduling makespan decision tree algorithm scatter search algorithm hybrid algorithm

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Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Hypsizygus ulmarius polysaccharide on alcoholic liver injury in rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2021年第4期10卷 523-535页

作者： Sudha govindan Angu Jayabal Jayasakthi Shanmugam Prasanna Ramani Department of Biochemistry School of BiosciencesPeriyar UniversitySalemIndia Department of Biochemistry Kongunadu Arts and Science CollegeBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia Dhanvanthri Lab Department of SciencesAmrita School of EngineeringCoimbatoreAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials&Green Technologies(CoE–AMGT) Amrita School of EngineeringCoimbatoreAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia

Hypsizygus ulmarius polysaccharide(HUP)is a water-soluble polysaccharide obtained by hot water extraction,followed by precipitation and *** characteristics of HUP,antioxidant activity and liver protection against alcohol-induced liver damage were *** characteristics indicate that the HUP is a pyran-type polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 2076 *** antioxidant scavenging assay,HUP showed moderate DMPD radical scavenging activity,cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity and inhibitory effect against lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent *** in vivo hepatoprotective activity,compared with the ethanol induction group,pre-treatment of low and high doses of HUP signifi cantly reduced the behaviours of serum enzymes,lowered the levels of hepatic oxidative stress markers,restored the levels of biochemical constituents,enhanced the levels of liver and serum enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants,and improved the serum lipid levels of alcohol-intoxicated *** hepatoprotective effect of HUP was comparable to positive control ***,HUP pre-treatment signifi cantly normalized the histopathological changes induced by *** results indicate that HUP could be used as a functional food and may protect the biological system from oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity,thus having a signifi cant protective effect on acute alcoholic liver injury.

关键词： Hypsizygus ulmarius polysaccharide Antioxidant activity Hepatoprotective behaviour Ethanol consumption Liver damage

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Bagging with CTD–A Novel Signature for the Hierarchical Prediction of Secreted Protein Trafcking in Eukaryotes

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2013年第6期11卷 385-390页

作者： Geetha govindan Achuthsankar S.Nair Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics University of Kerala

Protein trafficking or protein sorting in eukaryotes is a complicated process and is carried out based on the information contaified in the protein. Many methods reported prediction of the subcellular location of proteins from sequence information. However, most of these prediction methods use a flat structure or parallel architecture to perform prediction. In this work, we introduce ensemble classifiers with features that are extracted directly from full length protein sequences to predict locations in the protein-sorting pathway hierarchically. Sequence driven features, sequence mapped features and sequence autocorrelation features were tested with ensemble learners and their performances were compared. When evaluated by independent data testing, ensemble based-bagging algorithms with sequence feature composition, transition and distribution （CTD） successfully classified two datasets with accuracies greater than 90%. We compared our results with similar published methods, and our method equally performed with the others at two levels in the secreted pathway. This study shows that the feature CTD extracted from protein sequences is effective in capturing biological features among compartments in secreted pathways.

关键词： Sequence driven features Sequence mapped features Autocorrelation Ensemble classifiter Protein Sorting

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Nonlocal-Means Image Denoising Technique Using Robust M-Estimator

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第3期25卷 623-631页

作者： Dinesh J. Peter V. K. govindan Abraham T. Mathew Department of Computer Science National Institute of Technology Calicut Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut

Edge preserved smoothing techniques have gained importance for the purpose of image processing applications A good edge preserving filter is given by nonlocal-means filter rather than any other linear model based approaches. This paper explores a different approach of nonlocal-means filter by using robust M-estimator function rather than the exponential function for its weight calculation. Here the filter output at each pixel is the weighted average of pixels with surrounding neighborhoods using the chosen robust M-estimator function. The main direction of this paper is to identify the best robust M-estimator function for nonlocal-means denoising algorithm. In order to speed up the computation, a new patch classification method is followed to eliminate the uncorrelated patches from the weighted averaging process. This patch classification approach compares favorably to existing techniques in respect of quality versus computational time. Validations using standard test images and brain atlas images have been analyzed and the results were compared with the other known methods. It is seen that there is reason to believe that the proposed refined technique has some notable points.

关键词： image processing denoising technique nonlocal-means filter robust M-estimators

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Cancer/testis antigens and obligate participation in multiple hallmarks of cancer： an update

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 711-712页

作者： Steven M Mooney Krithika Rajagopalan govindan Rangarajan Prakash Kulkarni Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Biological Sciences Columbia University NY 10027 USA Department of Mathematics and Centre for Neuroscience Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru Karnataka India Institute for Bioscience and Bietechnology Research University of Maryland Rockville. Marvland 20850. USA.

The Cancer/Testis Antigens （CTAs） are a group of so-called tumor antigens that exhibit provocative expression patterns in most types of cancer. However, because most CTAs appear to be intrinsically disordered, they ... 详细信息

关键词： @@

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Incidental gall bladder cancers:Are they truly incidental?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第12期6卷 441-443页

作者： Ashwin Rammohan Sathya D Cherukuri Jeswanth Sathyanesan Ravichandran Palaniappan Manoharan govindan The Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Centre for GI Bleed Division of HPB diseases Stanley Medical College Hospital Stanley Medical College Hospital

AIM: To seek and analyze features suggestive of gallbladder cancer(GBC) on preoperative imaging and intraoperative findings in patients diagnosed as having incidental GBC(IGBC). METHODS: The study was conducted on 79 patients of IGBC managed in our department over a 10-year period(2003-2012). Review of preoperative imaging and operative notes was done to ascertain any suspicion of ***: Of the 79 patients, Ultrasound abdomen showed diffuse thickening, not suspicious of malignancy in 5 patients, and diffuse suspicious thickening was seen in 4 patients. Focal thickening suspicious of malignancy was present in 24 patients. Preoperative computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging was done in 9 patients for suspicion of malignancy. In 5 patients, dif-ficult Cholecystectomy was encountered due to dense/inflammatory adhesions. Intraoperative findings showed focal thickening of the gallbladder and a gallbladder mass in 9 and 17 patients respectively. On overall analysis, 37 patients had preoperative imaging or intraoperative findings suggestive of malignancy, which was either a missed GBC or an unsuspected/unexpected GBC. In 42(53.2%) patients, there was no evidence suggestive of malignancy and was an unanticipated ***: Our study highlights a potential and not-so-rare pitfall of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. A greater awareness of this clinical entity along with a high index of suspicion and a low threshold for conversion to open procedure, especially in endemic areas may avert avoidable patient morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Incidental gallbladder cancer Preoperative detection Imaging

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Protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second wave among individuals with pre-existing binding antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: A population-based study from Puducherry, India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第10期16卷 476-478页

作者： Premkumar Ramasubramani Dhanajayan govindan Nandini Balakrishnan Krishnan Tamilarasu Kadhiravan Sitanshu Sekhar Kar Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER)PuducherryIndia Department of General Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER)PuducherryIndia

During the COVID-19 pandemic,several studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of subsequent reinfection with a... 详细信息

关键词： infection acute respiratory

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