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Single Step Solid-Solid Reaction Scheme for the Synthesis of Cobalt Sulphide-Oxide Nanoparticles in Polymer Matrix

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2013年第1期2卷 28-31页

作者： Narendra Rumale Sudhir Arbuj govind umarji Manish Shinde Uttamrao Mulik Anuj Pokle Dinesh Amalnerkar Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati India ELANTAS Beck India Ltd. Pimpri India Icon Analytical Equipment Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai India

At present, there is considerable interest in polymer-metal chalcogenides/oxides based nano-composites on account of their tunable optical, magnetic, electronic and catalytic properties. Here in, we report a simple single step approach for the in-situ synthesis of combined cobalt sulphide/cobalt oxide in polyphenylenesulphide (PPS) polymer matrix. We have illustrated the suitability of this methodology by reacting commonly available cobalt precursors with engineering thermoplastic, PPS. The cobalt precursor was homogeneously mixed with PPS in the molar ratios of 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, respectively, followed by heating the mixtures obtained at the melting temperature of the polymer (285?C) for six hours. The resultant products were characterized by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) technique and Fourier Transformation Infra red Spectroscopy (FTIR). Formation of mixed phases viz., sulphide and oxide of cobalt within modified PPS matrix was confirmed by XRD. The resultant nanoparticles of cobalt sulphide and cobalt oxide embedded in the PPS matrix showed crooked and chunk morphology. The optical properties of the resultant nanocomposites indicate the shift in the absorption hump due to nanoscale size effect.

关键词： Polymers Nanocomposites Cobalt Sulphide/Oxide Solid-Solid Reaction

Targeting brain tumors with innovative nanocarriers:bridging the gap through the blood-brain barrier

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 877-897页

作者： KARAN WADHWA PAYAL CHAUHAN SHOBHIT KUMAR RAKESH PAHWA RAVINDER VERMA RAJAT GOYAL govind SINGH ARCHANA SHARMA NEHA RAO DEEPAK KAUSHIK Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtak124001India Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology(MIET)NH-58Delhi-Roorkee HighwayMeerut250005India Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kurukshetra UniversityKurukshetra136119India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani127021India MM College of Pharmacy Maharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana-AmbalaHaryana133207India Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University(DIPSAR) Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research UniversityNew Delhi110017India

Background:Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is recognized as the most lethal and most highly invasive *** high likelihood of treatment failure arises fromthe presence of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and stemcells around GBM,which avert the entry of chemotherapeutic drugs into the ***:Recently,several researchers have designed novel nanocarrier systems like liposomes,dendrimers,metallic nanoparticles,nanodiamonds,and nanorobot approaches,allowing drugs to infiltrate the BBB more efficiently,opening up innovative avenues to prevail over therapy problems and radiation ***:Relevant literature for this manuscript has been collected from a comprehensive and systematic search of databases,for example,PubMed,Science Direct,Google Scholar,and others,using specific keyword combinations,including“glioblastoma,”“brain tumor,”“nanocarriers,”and several ***:This review also provides deep insights into recent advancements in nanocarrier-based formulations and technologies for GBM *** of various scientific advances in conjunction with encouraging findings concerning the future perspectives and challenges of nanocarriers for effective brain tumor management has also been discussed.

关键词： Glioblastoma Brain tumor Blood-brain barrier Liposomes Metallic nanoparticles Nanocarriers

Innate immunity in Drosophila： Pathogens and pathways

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Insect Science 2008年第1期15卷 29-43页

作者： Shubha govind Biology Department and the Graduate Center The City College of the City University of New York New York USA

Following in the footsteps of traditional developmental genetics, research over the last 15 years has shown that innate immunity against bacteria and fungi is governed largely by two NF-κB signal transduction pathways, Toll and IMD. Antiviral immunity appears to stem from RNA interference, whereas resistance against parasitoids is conferred by Toll signaling. The identification of these post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms and the annotation of most Drosophila immunity genes have derived from functional genomic studies using ＂model＂ pathogens, intact animals and cell lines. The D. melanogaster host has thus provided the core information that can be used to study responses to natural microbial and metazoan pathogens as they become identified, as well as to test ideas of selection and evolutionary change. These analyses are of general importance to understanding mechanisms of other insect host-pathogen interactions and determinants of variation in host resistance.

关键词： Innate immunity Drosophila genomes NF-κB signal transduction JAK-STAT antimicrobial peptides

LESSER KNOWN MIRACLES OF BURGERS EQUATION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2012年第1期32卷 281-294页

作者： govind Menon Division of Applied Mathematics Box FBrown University

This article is a short introduction to the surprising appearance of Burgers equation in some basic probabilistic models.

关键词： Burgers equation random matrix theory kinetic theory Dyson's Brownianmotion Kerov's kinetic equation shock clustering integrable systems

Assessment of the carbon emissions reduction potential in Thailand’s power sector with high penetration of variable renewable energy sources and electric vehicles in the year 2030

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1391-1401页

作者： Niphit Phothisourinh Jai govind Singh Department of Energy Environment and Climate ChangeSchool of EnvironmentResources and DevelopmentAsian Institute of TechnologyPathum ThaniThailand

The power sector has substantial carbon emissions reduction potential that could achieve the new nationally determined contribution target in 2030 by increasing low-carbon technologies,*** renewable energy sources and electric vehicles(EVs).Therefore,two approaches were suggested in this *** the first approach,Thailand’s power sector was modelled by using PLEXOS software to find the impact of the high penetration of variable renewable energy(RE)and EV charging load for the projected year *** second approach proposed a demand-response and energy storage system solution with carbon pricing in the model to assess the *** a result,the electricity demand from charging EVs will cause a new peak demand at night,while the high variable RE penetration will cause curtailment in the power system due to excess supply at ***,Thailand’s power sector has the potential for carbon emissions reduction by 45%with clean energy technologies,which could increase to 68%with carbon pricing,easily achievable by the nationally determined contribution target in ***,these benefits could only be derived if various entities involved in the energy regulatory,transport and power sectors coordinate to implement the required technological and financial policies.

关键词： Thailand power sector CO_(2)reduction carbon neutrality low-carbon technologies PLEXOS carbon pricing demand-response electric vehicles

Equivalent protection factor of bi-layer ceramic metal structures

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第3期18卷 384-400页

作者： govind Gour Sridhar Idapalapati Wei Liang Goh Xiao-peng Shi School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore School of Materials Science&Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore

With increasing ballistic threat levels,there is ever more demand on developing ceramic armor designs with improved *** paper presents finite element simulations that investigate the performance of silicon carbide ceramic with steel 4340 backing material and titanium alloy,graphite as buffer layers when subjected to normal and oblique impacts by a tungsten alloy long rod projectile(LRP).Depth of penetration from experimental measurements is compared with simulations to confirm the validity of constitutive,failure model *** alloy cover plate and graphite interface weak layer laterally spread the impact shock away from the SiC tile and reduces the amplification of the stress accumulation at the front surface of the SiC *** dwelling time increases before it penetrates into ceramic ***,using AUTODYN®numerical simulations detailed parametric study is carried out to identify the minimum areal density armor for a given ballistic limit *** equivalent protection factor for the bi-layer armor is a simple function of the cosine of the angle of impact.

关键词： Ceramic armor Normal and NATO 60⁰impact Ballistic limit velocity Equivalent protection factor(EPF)

Rapid micro-immunohistochemistry

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 285-294页

作者： Robert D.Lovchik David Taylor govind Kaigala IBM Research Europe Saeumerstrasse 48803 RueschlikonSwitzerland Present address:Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringSonneggstrasse 38092 ZurichSwitzerland

We present a new and versatile implementation of rapid and localized immunohistochemical staining of tissue ***(IHC)comprises a sequence of specific biochemical reactions and allows the detection of specific proteins in tissue *** the rapid implementation of IHC,we fabricated horizontally oriented microfluidic probes(MFPs)with functionally designed apertures to enable square and circular footprints,which we employ to locally expose a tissue to time-optimized sequences of different *** show that the two main incubation steps of IHC protocols can be performed on MDAMB468-1510A cell block sections in less than 30 min,compared to incubation times of an hour or more in standard *** analysis on the timescale of tens of minutes could potentially be applied during surgery,enabling clinicians to react in more dynamically and ***,this rapid IHC implementation along with conservative tissue usage has strong potential for the implementation of multiplexed assays,allowing the exploration of optimal assay conditions with a small amount of tissue to ensure high-quality staining results for the remainder of the sample.

关键词： versatile steps sections

Factors affecting electric vehicle acceptance,energy demand and CO_(2)emissions in Pakistan

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2023年第3期2卷 3-15页

作者： Muhammad Huzaifa Butt Jai govind Singh Department of Energy Environment and Climate ChangeSchool of Environment and Resources DevelopmentAsian Institute of TechnologyThailand

This work aims to investigate the factors accelerating electric vehicle(EV)acceptance at the consumer end in Pakistan and analyzes the implications for policymakers for a fast-track EV *** study further in-vestigates the high EV penetration scenario resulting from the technology acceptance model(TAM's 80%EV)and its impact on energy demand and CO_(2)*** study design used a quantitative analysis method with the survey as an instrument for data collection regarding EV *** model under investigation was adapted from the famous Technology-Acceptance Models(TAMs)and modified with other significant predictors evidenced in the *** and stepwise regression were performed with a multicollinearity check for model hypothesis *** of six predictors,only four factors were significant in accelerating the EV *** policies were found to be highly significant,followed by environmental concern,facilitating conditions and perceived ease of *** research then used exponential smoothing forecasts for transport demand and developed an EV penetration scenario based on modified TAM *** results highlight the significant in-crease in transport demand and the opportunity for Pakistan to limit passenger transport emissions to 36.6 MT instead of 61.6 MT by 2040.

关键词： Pakistan electric vehicle adoption Technology acceptance model Electric vehicle adoption Public acceptance Pakistan transport energy demand Pakistan transport emissions

DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR OF AN INNOVATION DIFFUSION MODEL WITH INTRA-SPECIFIC COMPETITION BETWEEN COMPETING ADOPTERS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2022年第1期42卷 364-386页

作者： Rakesh KUMAR Anuj Kumar SHARMA govind Prasad SAHU Department of Applied Sciences Shaheed Bhagat Singh State UniversityFerozepurPunjab 152004India Department of Mathematics L.R.D.A.V.CollegeJagraonLudhianaPunjab 142026India Center for Basic Sciences Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(Chhattisgarh).India

In this paper,we proposed an innovation diffusion model with three compartments to investigate the diffusion of an innovation(product)in a particular *** model exhibits two equilibria,namely,the adopter-free and an interior *** existence and local stability of the adopter-free and interior equilibria are explored in terms of the effective Basic Influence Number(BIN)R_(A).It is investigated that the adopter free steady-state is stable if R_(A)<*** consideringτ(the adoption experience of the adopters)as the bifurcation parameter,we have been able to obtain the critical value ofτresponsible for the periodic solutions due to Hopf *** direction and stability analysis of bifurcating periodic solutions has been performed by using the arguments of normal form theory and the center manifold *** numerical simulations in the support of analytical results have been presented.

关键词： intra-specific competition basic influence number local stability Hopf-bifurcation normal form theory center manifold theorem