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Static Reservoir Modeling, a Case Study from Early Cretaceous Yamama Formation, South.rn Iraq

Open Journal of Geology 2022年第6期12卷 359-370页

作者： Ragh.d A. Naeem govand h. sherwani Nadh.r Al-Ansari Department of Applied Geology University of Babylon Babylon Iraq Department of Civil Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Mining and Geotechnical Engineering Lule&#229 University of Tech.ology Lule&#229 Sweden

Constructing a static reservoir model or a 3D geological model is a widely used modern tool to employ subsurface information expose th. setting and properties of h.drocarbon reservoirs. Th. current study attempts to build a 3D reservoir model of th. Yamama Formation (an important oil reservoir in South.rn Iraq), from digital logs data and drilling information. Th.s would lead to a better understanding of th. relationsh.ps between different reservoir elements, th.n expose many ch.racteristics of th. reservoir, such.as th. facies distribution and petroph.sical properties. Th. data of th. Yamama Formation (Early Cretaceous Carbonates) were taken from four wells of Gh.rraf Oilfield, South.rn Iraq (GA-1, GA-2, GA-3, and GA-4). Th. adopted modeling approach.consists of a series of steps starting with.a preliminary analysis of data, followed by interpretation of th.se data, and terminated by geostatistical meth.ds for building th. structural model. Th. modeling was assisted by defining th. top of each.layer detected by wireline logs and final well reports of each.studied well. Th. results of th. study encompass four microfacies distributed between Inner Ramp and Mid Ramp environments. Th. followed 3D geological modeling sch.me was capable to visualize th. distribution of petroph.sical properties, and th. classification of Yamama Formation into several layers or reservoir units (Y1 to Y5), and th.rteen subdivisions (minor units). Th. model could also define th. places wh.re effective porosity was enh.nced. Th. process of Pillar Gridding, a step with.n th. modeling, sh.wed th.t th. Yamama Formation is composed of two domes. Th. constructed model was h.lpful, based on th. evaluation of petroph.sical parameters, th.n to point out th. most important reservoir zone (Zone Y3_top) th.t h.s Effective Porosity of (13.6%) and water saturation of around (10.6%).

关键词： Reservoir Modeling Petrel Cretaceous Yamama Formation South.rn Iraq

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Reservoir Ch.racterization of th. Early Jurassic Butmah.Formation Using Well Log Data in Selected Wells from Iraqi Kurdistan Region

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Open Journal of Geology 2020年第12期10卷 1173-1188页

作者： h.war A. Zangana govand h. sherwani Yah.a J. Tawfeeq Nadh.r Al-Ansari Department of Petroleum and Energy Engineering Sulaimani Polytechnic University Sulaimani Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Civil Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Petroleum Engineering Kirkuk University Kirkuk Iraq Lulea University of Tech.ology Lulea Sweden

Th. reservoir ch.racterization of Butmah.Formation (Early Jurassic) was studied in two wells: (AT-1) and (Sh.1B) from Atrush.and Sh.ikh.n Oilfields respectively, in Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Well logs including;sonic, density, neutron, gamma ray, and resistivity, were employed to investigate th. formation. Th. petroph.sical properties, such.as lith.logy, sh.le volume, porosity, water saturation, h.drocarbon saturation, and bulk water volume, were estimated using Interactive Petroph.sics Software (IP). Water saturation, bulk volume of water, residual h.drocarbon, and movable h.drocarbon were plotted as Computer Processed Interpretation (CPI) for Butmah.Formation in th. studied wells. In order to ch.ck reliability of log data, lith.logy of th. formation was detected using neutron-density cross plot and M-N cross plot. Th. results of log interpretation display th.t Butmah.Formation is composed of dolomite, limestone with.anh.drite and sh.le in th. studied wells. Th. calculated sh.le volume sh.ws low clay content. Th.refore, Butmah.Formation is considered as a clean formation in both.wells. Porosity was estimated using porosity logs (sonic, density, and neutron) and h.d th. average total porosity of (7% - 8%) in th. two wells. Based on th. determined petroph.sical properties, particularly porosity and h.drocarbon saturation, it can be concluded th.t Butmah.Formation seems potentially good in reserving oil.

关键词： Butmah Carbonate Reservoir Interactive Petroph.sics Iraqi Kurdistan Region

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Source Rock Evaluation and 1-D Basin Modelling Approach.for th. Sargelu Formation, Atrush.2 Well, Kurdistan Region-Iraq

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Open Journal of Geology 2021年第3期11卷 49-60页

作者： Revan Akram Ayad N. F. Edilbi Wrya J. Mamaseni govand h. sherwani Nadh.r Al-Ansari Department of Petroleum Tech.ology Erbil Polytechnic University Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Petroleum Geosciences Faculty of Science Soran University Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Geology Salahaddin University Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Civil Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Lulea University of Tech.ology Lulea Sweden

Th. present study focuses on source rock evaluation of th. Sargelu Formation by using core ch.ps of rocks collected from well Atrush.2, Duh.k, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Th. Rock-Eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance were executed. Subsequently, th. selected parameters were used for source rock evaluation and 1-D Basin Modelling calibration. Th. upper part of th. formation mainly comprises argillaceous limestone with.low content of organic matter (0.64% - 1% TOC). By contrast, th. lower part is dominated with.sh.le interval and contains h.gh.amounts of TOC values (>4% for 1272 - 1278 m) reveling good to very good quality source rock. Accordingly, good to very good h.drocarbon generation potential is suggested for th.s formation. Organic matter of th. Sargelu Formation contains type II and mixed-type II-III kerogen. Th. values of Tmax and vitrinite reflectance (Ro%) demonstrate th.t th. formation is th.rmally mature and in th. oil zone. In order to construct a th.rmal h.story of th. formation and determine th. timing of h.drocarbon maturation and generation, th. 1-D basin modelling PetroMod 2019.1 was used in th.s study. Based on th. 1-D Basin modelling simulation and its outputs, about 3500 m of overburden h.ve been eroded at th. study area. Th. present-day h.at flow was found to be 30 mW/m2. Th. organic matter of Sargelu Formation entered th. early oil zone in 64 Ma and reach.d th. main oil zone ca. 5 Ma. Th. formation is still in th. main oil zone at present-day. In well Atrush.2, th. h.gh.st rate of oil generation for th. Sargelu Formation was in th. 8.5 Ma, th. onset of oil expulsion from Sargelu Formation was in 50 Ma and th. expulsion mass h.s been reach.d 0.5 Mtons at present-day.

关键词： Sargelu Formation Source Rock Well Atrush.2 1-D Basin Modelling Iraq

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Reservoir Ch.racterization of th. Early Cretaceous Sarmord and Garagu Formations from Atrush.1 and Mangesh.1 Wells, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

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Open Journal of Geology 2021年第10期11卷 509-524页

作者： Ayad N. F. Edilbi Wrya J. Mamaseni Mah.i Kh. Aswad Bah.oz Gh. Abdullah.Falah.Kh. Al-Jaboury govand h. sherwani Nadh.r Al-Ansari Department of Petroleum Geosciences Faculty of Science Soran University Soran Kurdistan Region Iraq Geology Department College of Science Salahaddin University Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Geology Department College of Science University of Duhok Duhok Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of Engineering American University of Kurdistan Sulaimaniya Kurdistan Region Iraq Petroleum Engineering Department Knowledge University Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Civil Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Lulea University of Tech.ology Lulea Sweden

Petroph.sical properties of th. Early Cretaceous Sarmord and Garagu formations from th. Atrush.and Sarsang Blocks in th. Kurdistan Region are studied. Th.se formations are generally composed of limestones and dolomitic limestones interbedded with.th.n to medium layers of yellowish.gray marl (calcareous mudstone). Th. current study sh.ws th.t th. average sh.le volume in th. Sarmord and Garage formations is between 16% and 20%. In Atrush.1 Well, th. average porosity ratio of th. Sarmord and Garagu formations is fair to good (15% and 11%, respectively). h.wever, in Mangesh.1 Well, th. porosity value is poor;it is around 4% on average. Generally, most of th. h.drocarbons th.t h.ve been observed with.n th. pore spaces are residual oil type in Atrush.1 Well and movable h.drocarbon type in Mangesh.1 Well. In Atrush.1 Well, out of 362 m th.ckness of both.formations, only 180 m is considered to be a pay zone;wh.reas, th. pay zone is just around 8.0 m th.ck out of 347 m of th. total th.ckness. According to th. calculated porosity values, th. Garagu and Sarmord formations are not considered as good reservoirs in th. studied wells, with.th. exception of Atrush.1 Well wh.re th. Sarmord Formation h.s fair potential reservoir ch.racteristics.

关键词： Sarmord Formation Garagu Formation Reservoir Ch.racterization h.drocarbons Saturation Net Pay

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