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Langerin (CD207) represents a novel interferon-stimulated gene in Langerhans cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第5期17卷 547-549页

作者： Ghizlane Maarifi Magdalena A.Czubala Justine Lagisquet Matthew O.Ivory Kyra Fuchs Laure Papin James C.Birchall Sébastien Nisole Vincent Piguet fabien P.Blanchet Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier(IRIM) Universitéde MontpellierCNRSMontpellierFrance Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity Cardiff University School of MedicineHeath ParkCardiffUK School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK Division of Dermatology Women’s College HospitalTorontoCanada Division of Dermatology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada

Interferons(IFNs)are“warning signal”cytokines released upon pathogen *** control the expression of interferonstimulated genes(ISGs),which are often crucial to restrict viral infections and establish a cellular antiviral state.1,2 Langerin(CD207),a well-known surface receptor on Langerhans cells(LC),belongs to the C-type lectin receptor(CLR)family and constitutes a major pathogen binding receptor able to regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses.3,4 Importantly,this CLR was reported as an antiviral receptor.

关键词： Langerhans interferon belongs

Spatial Variation and Trend of Extreme Precipitation in Africa during 1981-2019 and Its Projected Changes at the End of 21^st Century

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 192-221页

作者： fabien Habiyakare Tong Jiang Ibrahim Yahaya Daudi Ndabagenga James Kagabo Buda Su School of Atmospheric Sciences Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Meteorology Agency (Meteo Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda Institute for Disaster Risk Management/School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Department of Geography Gombe State University Gombe State Nigeria

This study comprehensively examines the patterns and regional variation of severe rainfall across the African continent, employing a suite of eight extreme precipitation indices. The analysis extends to the assessment of projected changes in precipitation extremes using five General Circulation Models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios at the long-term period (2081-2100) of the 21st century. Furthermore, the study investigates potential mechanisms influencing precipitation extremes by correlating extreme precipitation indices with oceanic system indices, specifically Ni?o 3.4 for El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Dipole Mode Index (DMI) for the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). The findings revealed distinct spatial distributions in mean trends of extreme precipitation indices, indicating a tendency toward decreased extreme precipitation in North Africa, Sahel region, Central Africa and the Western part of South Africa. Conversely, West Africa, East Africa and the Eastern part of South Africa exhibit an inclination toward increased extreme precipitation. The changes in precipitation extreme indices indicate a general rise in both the severity and occurrence of extreme precipitation events under all scenarios by the end of the 21st century. Notably, our analysis projects a decrease in consecutive wet days (CWD) in the far-future. Additionally, correlation analysis highlights significant correlation between above or below threshold rainfall fluctuation in East Africa and South Africa with oceanic systems, particularly ENSO and the IOD. Central Africa abnormal precipitation variability is also linked to ENSO with a significant negative correlation. These insights contribute valuable information for understanding and projecting the dynamics of precipitation extreme in Africa, providing a foundation for climate adaptation and mitigation efforts in the region.

关键词： Extreme Precipitation Mann-Kendall Trend Projections Oceanic System Africa

Thermal Effect of Braking on Pavements during Heat Waves in Ouagadougou

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2023年第7期14卷 382-396页

作者： Sidpouita Mathilde Koudougou Hamma fabien Yonli Moussa Sougoti David Yemboini Kader Toguyeni Institut du Génie des Systèmes Industriels de Textiles Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Flexible pavements, whose surface layers are made from hot mix asphalt, may show rutting in some of these infrastructures during the first months of life. In the city of Ouagadougou, this rutting phenomenon is sometimes observed. The objective of this article is to quantify the thermal response of the wearing course of national roads 1 and 2, when they are subjected to the braking of heavy trucks of 13 tons and 20 tons per axle. The meteorological conditions retained are those of the Burkinabe climate. The evaluation of the temperature was carried out by numerical simulation using the Comsol Multiphysics 5.2 software. This study showed that the thermal response of the pavement to the combined effects of surface temperature, overloading by a 20 tons heavy truck and braking during a heat wave increase in pavement surface temperature ranging from 1.09% for National Road 1 to 0.91% for National Road 2, particularly in the braking zone. This made it possible to establish the diagnosis according to which the nature of the bitumen used on the wearing course can reduce rigidity modulus. In predictive terms, they allowed us to deduce that an under-dimensioning of the wearing course, even if the bitumen was used is adequate.

关键词： Road Modeling Finite Elements Thermomechanical Tropical Climate

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通过饲料来改善猪生产的卫生安全及健康

今日养猪业 2016年第11期 32-33页

作者： fabien 美国明尼苏达大学

一般情况下,提到生物安全,养猪者多数会关注养猪生产过程中的健康监测和管理。然而,通过营养的科学管理也可以对猪场生物安全产生很大的作用。生物安全和动物健康是动物生产中的关键点。近年来,病毒性猪病对人类健康和人民生计的影响显... 详细信息

一般情况下,提到生物安全,养猪者多数会关注养猪生产过程中的健康监测和管理。然而,通过营养的科学管理也可以对猪场生物安全产生很大的作用。生物安全和动物健康是动物生产中的关键点。近年来,病毒性猪病对人类健康和人民生计的影响显著,例如传入高加索地区的非洲猪瘟、亚洲流行的高热病、在欧洲及台湾暴发的猪瘟及口蹄疫等。生物安全及健康可以通过良好的规范管理来控制。

关键词：非洲猪瘟生物安全高热病高加索地区人民生计猪生产饲料加工饲料配方饲料添加剂养母猪

Corrosion Testing of a Heat Treated 316 L Functional Part Produced by Selective Laser Melting

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2017年第3期8卷 223-233页

作者： Evy De Bruycker Maria L. Montero Sistiaga fabien Thielemans Kim Vanmeensel ENGIE Lab.—Laborelec Linkebeek Belgium KU Leuven Department of Materials Engineering Heverlee Belgium

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) shows a big potential among metal additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. However, the large thermal gradients and the local melting and solidification processes of SLM result in the presence of a significant amount of residual stresses in the as built parts. These internal stresses will not only affect mechanical properties, but also increase the risk of Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC). A twister used in an air extraction pump of a condenser to create a swirl in the water, was chosen as a candidate component to be produced by SLM in 316 L stainless steel. Since the main expected damage mechanism of this component in service is corrosion, corrosion tests were carried out on an as-built twister as well as on heat treated components. It was shown that a low temperature heat treatment at 450℃ had only a limited effect on the residual stress reduction and concomitant corrosion properties, while the internal stresses were significantly reduced when a high temperature heat treatment at 950℃ was applied. Furthermore, a specific stress corrosion sensitivity test proved to be a useful tool to evaluate the internal stress distribution in a specific component.

关键词： 316 L Selective Laser Melting Stress Corrosion Cracking Residual Stresses Heat Treatments

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase among Enterobacteria Isolated at National Public Health Laboratory of Brazzaville

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第6期12卷 363-377页

作者： Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko Cyr Jonas Morabandza Moїse Doria Kaya-Ongoto Duchel Jeanedvi Kinouani Kinavouidi Haman Judel Mikia fabien Kangoula-Dia-Kikouidi-Kia-Louzala fabien Roch Niama Service de Bactériologie Laboratoire National de Santé Publique Brazzaville Congo Laboratoire de Microbiologie Infectiologie et Immunologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo

The improper use of antimicrobials against infectious diseases has allowed microorganisms to develop defense mechanisms that give them insensitivity to these agents. All bacteria are concerned by this phenomenon. This work aimed to assess prevalence of beta-lactamase produced by enterobacterial isolates. Then, disc diffusion, double disc synergy test (DDST) and combined disc test (CDT) were respectively used for antimicrobial resistance, detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) and Metallo-Beta-Lactamases (MBL). bla genes were detected by PCR. A total of 132 enterobacterial strains were studied. Resistance to antibiotic families was observed with a greater frequency than 50%. Gentamicin was the least active beta-lactam antibiotic, with a resistance rate of 88%. 40.9% of strains show an ESBL phenotype and 16.6% were MBL. An overall prevalence of 74% (40/54) and respectively rates of 29.6%, 27.7% and 16.7% for blaSHV, blaCTX and blaTEM genes were observed. SHV, CTX, CTX/SHV/TEM, CTX/TEM, SHV/TEM and CTX/SHV were different ESBL genotypes observed. ESBL-producing enterobacteria isolation worried about the future of antimicrobial therapy in the Republic of Congo. This is a public health problem that requires careful monitoring and implementation of a policy of rational antibiotics use.

关键词： Enterobacteria Antibiotic Resistance Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Metallo-Beta-Lactamases bla Genes

Vaccination and Measles Epidemic in the Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 45-55页

作者： Léa Gwladys Gangoue Yanne Mavougou fabien Rock Niama Pembe Issamou Mayengue Etienne Nguimbi National Public Health Laboratory (LNSP) Ministry of Health and Population Brazzaville Republic of Congo Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory (BCM) Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo

Measles is a highly infectious, vaccine-preventable viral disease. Often forgotten, it is potentially fatal. Its main symptoms are: fever, cough, conjunctivitis, rhinitis and skin rash. Serological diagnoses by ELISA test based on the detection of anti-measles virus immunoglobulins M and G (IgM and IgG), are used respectively for the confirmation of suspected cases notified by means of clinical signs of the disease in health structures of the twelve departments of the Republic of Congo involved in the epidemiological surveillance of the disease, and for the evaluation of the immunity conferred by vaccination. During 2021, 459 suspected cases of measles were reported and sampled throughout the country, despite the administration under the Expanded Routine Immunization Program (EPI), of 2 doses of the combined measles-rubella vaccine (RR1 and RR2) in 2020. The notification rate was higher in the south of the country, more precisely in the health structures of the departments of Pointe-Noire (42%) and Brazzaville (11%). During the year 2021, 459 suspected cases of measles were notified and sampled throughout the country with a high notification rate in the south of the country, more precisely in the health structures of the Pointe-Noire departments (42%) and Brazzaville (11%). The samples consisting of human blood (serum) were sent to the National Public Health Laboratory and analyzed by various ELISA tests for the detection of anti-measles immunog-lobulins M and G. The analysis of the results obtained shows that the measles virus circulated in all departments of the country. 154 cases (33.55%) were confirmed positive by IgM ELISA and 98 positive cases (63.63%) were patients vaccinated against measles. Vaccination coverage in RR1 of [50%-95% [(first dose) as well as the lowest RR2 < 50% (second dose) undoubtedly because the COVID-19 pandemic could be the cause of the high frequency of cases positive vaccinated. The non-detection of IgG immunoglobulins in vaccinated pat

关键词： Vaccination Measles Epidemic

Study of the Relative Variations of the Thermal Properties and Crystallinity of Blends (PP/EPR)/Calcium Carbonate

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2021年第1期11卷 19-33页

作者： Pierre Marcel Anicet Noah fabien Betene Ebanda Louis-Max Ayina Ohandja Ateba Atangana Laboratory of Mechanics ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Mechanical Engineering ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The objective of this paper is to investigate the relative variations of the constants of the thermal properties and the degree of crystallinity of the mixtures (PP/EPR)/Calcium carbonates elaborated with the Micro Bivis. We have strengthened the basic copolymer PP/EPR of a low level (5%) by three calcium carbonates models socal312, socal322v, Winnofil spm. We then subjected the different mixtures obtained, two cycles of a thermal loading under differential scanning calorimetry DSC. We finally focused on the thermal properties of isotactic polypropylene (TfP, TcP, ΔHfP, ΔHcP) and we calculated the degree of crystallinity of the mixtures. Reducing the energy cost of implementing mixtures is one of the objectives of this work. We quantified the relative variations of the above properties with those of the base copolymer. It shows that at a low loading rate of calcium carbonate, there is a decrease in the enthalpies of crystallization during the second exothermic cycle, with values that can reach 5.53 J/gPP for the basic copolymer PP/EPR. During the second endothermic cycle, there is an overall increase in isotactic polypropylene melting temperature values for all the blends as well as for the basic copolymer PP/EPR. There is evidence that calcium carbonates are useful for lowering the melting energy of isotactic polypropylene, even at a low loading rate for the majority. The number of endothermic cycles accentuates this phenomenon which is linked to the presence in our composites, of a so-called confined amorphous phase.

关键词： DSC PP/EPR CaCO3 Crystallinity Micro Bivis

Preclinical and clinical evidence of the association of colibactinproducing Escherichia coli with anxiety and depression in colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2817-2826页

作者： fabien Rondepierre Maëva Meynier Johan Gagniere Vincent Deneuvy Anissa Deneuvy Gwenaelle Roche Elodie Baudu Bruno Pereira Richard Bonnet Nicolas Barnich Frédéric Antonio Carvalho Denis Pezet Mathilde Bonnet Isabelle Jalenques Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte A et Psychologie Médicale CHU Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63000France M2iSH UMR 1071INSERMUniversity of Clermont AuvergneINRAE USC 1382Clermont-Ferrand 63001France NeuroDol UMR 1107INSERMUniversity of Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand 63001France Department of Digestive Surgery CHU de Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63001France Biostatistics Unit Department of Clinical Research and InnovationCHU Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63000France Department of Bacteriology CHU de Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63001France UniversitéClermont Auvergne INPCNRSClermont Auvergne Institut PascalClermont-Ferrand 63000France

BACKGROUND The association between the intestinal microbiota and psychiatric disorders is becoming increasingly *** gut microbiota contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis(CRC),as demonstrated with colibactin-producing Escherichia coli(CoPEC).AIM To evaluate the association between CoPEC prevalence and anxiety-and depressive-like behaviors with both preclinical and clinical *** Patients followed after a CRC surgery and for whom the prevalence of CoPEC has been investigated underwent a psychiatric *** were compared according to the CoPEC *** parallel C57BL6/J wild type mice and mice with a CRC susceptibility were chronically infected with a CoPEC *** behavior was assessed using the Elevated Plus Maze test,the Forced Swimming Test and the Behavior recognition system PhenoTyper®.RESULTS In a limited cohort,all patients with CoPEC colonization presented with psychiatric disorders several years before cancer diagnosis,whereas only one patient(17%)without CoPEC *** result was confirmed in C57BL6/J wildtype mice and in a CRC susceptibility mouse model(adenomatous polyposis colimultiple intestinal neoplasia/+).Mice exhibited a significant increase in anxiety-and depressive-like behaviors after chronic infection with a CoPEC *** This finding provides the first evidence that CoPEC infection can induce microbiota-gut-brain axis disturbances in addition to its procarcinogenic properties.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colibactin Escherichia coli Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli Inflammation Anxiety Depression Behavior