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Diet-Induced Alteration of the Murine Intestinal Microbiome Following Antibiotic Ablation

Advances in Microbiology 2017年第7期7卷 545-564页

作者： Adam Irvin Andrew Cockburn Donald A. Primerano Jim Denvir goran boskovic Aniello M. Infante Gary D. Wu Christopher F. Cuff Department of Microbiology Immunology and Cell Biology Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Department of Biomedical Sciences Robert C. Byrd Biotechnology Science Center Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine Marshall University Huntington WV USA Department of Biostatistics Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Division of Gastroenterology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA

Mouse models of antibiotic-induced ablation of the intestinal microbiome have been used to study the microbiome in health and disease. The fecal microbiomes of mice treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics while being fed different laboratory chows were analyzed by Gram stain, quantitative flow cytometry, bacterial cell culture, next generation sequencing of the V3 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, microscopy, and sequence analysis of the tuf gene. Noncultivatable gram-positive cocci and cultivatable yeast were the microorganisms most readily detected in feces of antibiotic-treated mice fed a defined diet that utilizes casein as a protein source, maltodextrin 10 and sucrose as sources of carbohydrates, and lard as the major source of fat. High-throughput sequencing of the variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene and tuf gene sequencing identified the major bacterial phylotype as Lactococcus. The mouse chow was heavily laden with noncultivatable Lactococcus, which dominated the intestinal flora after consumption. The microbiome of antibiotic-treated mice fed a grain-based diet (mainly wheat, corn and alfalfa) consisted predominantly of a member of the Enterobacteriaceae identified as Escherichia coli, and yeast was not detected by culture or Gram stain. Appearance of intestinal yeast by culture and Gram stain was dependent on the specific chow, although yeast was not detected by culture or Gram stain in the chow. We conclude that bacteria found in food sources can influence qualitative and quantitative assessments of the fecal microbiome, at least in the context of antibiotic therapy, and potentially confound molecular studies that assess the effects of diet on the intestinal ecology. Not surprisingly, different food sources can influence the microbiome, particularly in the context of antibiotic-mediated ablation of the intestinal microbiome. Whether and how the food-derived dead bacteria alter intestinal physiology needs to be determined.

关键词： Mouse Intestinal Microbiome Antibiotics Diet Lactococcus

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Preparation of microparticles and nanoparticles using membrane-assisted dispersion,micromixing,and evaporation processes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 30-44页

作者： goran T.Vladisavljevic Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershire LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties through various micromixing,emulsification,and evaporation *** emul-sification processes,the membrane pores are used for dispersed phase injection and size-controlled generation of droplets and droplet-templated *** micromixing processes,membrane is utilised as a micromixer for mixing two miscible liquids,usually solvent and antisolvent-rich solutions,which leads to the creation of supersaturation and subsequent nanoprecipitation or *** mem-brane evaporation processes,membrane is used to prevent phase dispersion while allowing efficient molecular diffusion of solvent and/or antisolvent vapour through gas-filled *** dispersion processes can be operated continuously by decoupling shear stress on the membrane surface from cross flow using tube insets,flow pulsations,swirling flow,membrane oscillations or membrane *** generation and solidification can be performed continuously in a single pass by connecting membrane module with a downstream *** dispersion processes can be used for pro-duction of nanoparticles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,ethosomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and metallic nanoparticles,and *** main advantages of membrane-assisted particle generation are in low energy consumption,controlled geometry and hydrodynamic conditions at the microscale level,flexible throughput due to modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes with various wall porosities,wetta-bilities,pore sizes,and pore morphologies to suit different applications.

关键词： Nanoparticles Microparticles Nanoemulsions Microemulsions Microporous membrane Crystallisation Flash nanoprecipitation Emulsification Zero liquid discharge

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Recent advances in the production of controllable multiple emulsions using microfabricated devices

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Particuology 2016年第1期14卷 1-17页

作者： goran T. Vladisavljevic Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU Leicestershire United Kingdom

This review focuses on recent developments in the fabrication of multiple emulsions in micro-scale systems such as membranes, microchannel array, and microfluidic emulsification devices. Membrane and microchannel emulsification offer great potential to manufacture multiple emulsions with uniform drop sizes and high encapsulation efficiency of encapsulated active materials. Meanwhile, microfluidic devices enable an unprecedented level of control over the number, size, and type of internal droplets at each hierarchical level but suffer from low production scale. Microfluidic methods can be used to generate high-order multiple emulsions （triple, quadruple, and quintuple）, non-spherical （discoidal and rod-like） drops, and asymmetric drops such as Janus and ternary drops with two or three distinct surface regions. Multiple emulsion droplets generated in microfabricated devices can be used as templates for vesicles like polymersomes, liposomes, and colloidosomes with multiple inner compartments for simultaneous encaosulation and release of incomoatible active materials or reactants.

关键词： Membrane emulsification Microchannel emulsification Droplet microfluidics Microencapsulation Multiple emulsionsJanus droplets

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Business cases for energy storage with multiple service provision

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第4期4卷 615-625页

作者： Fei TENG goran STRBAC Imperial College London South Kensington CampusLondonUK

Energy storage(ES)has been considered as the key source of flexibility to support the integration of renewable *** studies have demonstrated the substantial system cost savings by the deployment of ES,including both investment and operation of generation,transmission and distribution ***,this societal benefit may not be realized if industry actors do not have a viable business case to appropriately capture these multiple value *** this context,this paper investigates the value that ES may deliver to its owner over two specific business cases in a 2030 UK ***,the application of large-scale ES in the wholesale market is *** is demonstrated that the optimal allocation of ES to provide multiple services is the key element for ES to become competitive in the electricity *** the second business case,this paper analyses the value of kilowattscale ES combined with roof photovoltaic(PV)system in the household and community *** study shows that multiple service provision of ES through advanced pricing schemes,for example time-of-use(ToU)tariff and dynamic distribution use of system(DUoS),lead to higher value and the coordination in the community level could further justify the application of domestic ES.

关键词： Energy storage Wind generation Business case Electricity market Multiple service provision

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Predicting adolescent perfectionism: The role of socio-demographic traits, personal relationships, and media

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第1期10卷 189-204页

作者： goran Livazović Karla Kuzmanović Department of Pedagogy University of J.J.StrossmayerOsijek 31000Osječko-baranjskaCroatia Study Programme in Pedagogy Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesOsijek 31000Osječko-baranjskaCroatia

BACKGROUND The present study investigated perfectionism from the bioecological model perspective as a multidimensional construct manifested in forms of excessively high personal standards,exaggerated worries about personal mistakes,doubt in one’s performance,oversized order and organization emphasis,and the importance of parental valuations and *** To investigate the relation between perfectionism;the quality of family,peer,and college relationships;and media usage and content *** The research was implemented in 2020 with 203 students(134 female,66%)aged 18-25 years,enrolled at the University of Osijek in *** questionnaire had five parts:A)sociodemographic data;B)the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale;C)the“general life satisfaction”and“current situational life satisfaction”scale;D)family,peer,and college relationships quality scale;and E)media usage and content interests *** of the implemented instruments showed satisfactory reliability.A hierarchical regression analysis was implemented with the aim of establishing significant perfectionism *** Age and gender were significant predictors of *** with lower family relationship quality reported higher parental expectations and complaining as well as significantly higher doubts in personal performance and concern about ***,a lower peer relationship quality predicted doubts in personal performance and stronger concerns about *** quality of college relationships positively predicted higher perfectionist personal standards and *** life satisfaction predicted higher concerns about mistakes,while current situational life satisfaction predicted higher levels of perfectionist *** usage intensity had no significant *** interest in information-educational media predicted higher personal standards as well as concern about mistakes and *** interests in entertainment

关键词： Perfectionism Family Peers Colleagues Life satisfaction Media content

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Optimal Offering of Energy Storage in UK Day-Ahead Energy and Frequency Response Markets

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 415-426页

作者： Makedon Karasavvidis Andreas Stratis Dimitrios Papadaskalopoulos goran Strbac Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUK Statkraft UK Ltd. LondonUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of PatrasPatrasGreece IEEE

The offering strategy of energy storage in energy and frequency response(FR) markets needs to account for country-specific market regulations around FR products as well as FR utilization factors, which are highly uncertain. To this end, a novel optimal offering model is proposed for stand-alone price-taking storage participants, which accounts for recent FR market design developments in the UK, namely the trade of FR products in time blocks, and the mutual exclusivity among the multiple FR products. The model consists of a day-ahead stage, devising optimal offers under uncertainty, and a real-time stage, representing the storage operation after uncertainty is materialized. Furthermore, a concrete methodological framework is developed for comparing different approaches around the anticipation of uncertain FR utilization factors(deterministic one based on expected values, deterministic one based on worst-case values, stochastic one, and robust one), by providing four alternative formulations for the real-time stage of the proposed offering model, and carrying out an out-of-sample validation of the four model instances. Finally, case studies employing real data from UK energy and FR markets compare these four instances against achieved profits, FR delivery violations, and computational scalability.

关键词： Energy markets energy storage frequency response optimal offering robust optimization stochastic programming

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Nest distribution and nest habitat of the Tibetan Partridge(Perdix hodgsoniae)near Lhasa,Tibet

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Chinese Birds 2014年第1期5卷 31-39页

作者： Tsering Dorge goran Hogstedt Terje Lislevand Department of Biology University of BergenBox 78035020 BergenNorway Department of Biology Faculty of scienceTibet University University Museum of Bergen University of BergenBox 78005020 BergenNorway

Background: Little is hitherto known about the breeding ecology of the Tibetan Partridge(Perdix hodgsoniae)which is endemic to the Tibetan plateau. Here we describe nest densities, inter-nest distances and general nest site characteristics in this gallinaceous bird species and explore the possibilities that certain shrub and plant types are preferred as nest ***: A total of 56 nests were found over three breeding seasons near Lhasa, Tibet. Nest site characteristics were compared with random control plots and the proportions of specific plant species covering nests were compared with their estimated general occurrence in the study ***: Nest density in the two years with highest search effort was estimated at 1.43/km2 and 1.04/km2 but was clearly higher in the part of the study area facing north(1.86–2.35/km2) than that facing south(0.11–0.34/ km2). The average nearest neighbour distance of nests was about 300 m. Nests were situated in relatively lush vegetation and covered by a total of eight shrub species and three herbs. In contrast to previous reports, Caragana shrub did not constitute an important part of the nest habitat. The flowering, non-thorny bush Potentilla fruticosa was significantly over-represented as nest cover, while Rhododendron nivale was similarly under-represented. Nest bush foliage covered a larger area of ground, and the shrub surrounding nests was generally denser, than in control samples. Also, nests were placed closer to paths and in areas with lower densities of Yak(Bos grunniens) dung than in control *** that soil temperatures were lower on nest sites than on control sites, micro-climate variables measured in this study did not differ between nest sites and control ***: Opportunity for nest concealment is probably an important quality of the nest habitat in Tibetan Partridges, yet it is unclear why the species should prefer P. fruticosa as nest cover. It is possible that nest sites are chose

关键词： Himalaya Nest site selection Phasianidae Potentilla fruticosa

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Whole system value of long-duration electricity storage in systems with high penetration of renewables

iEnergy

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iEnergy 2022年第1期1卷 114-123页

作者： Danny Pudjianto goran Strbac Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonUK

Energy storage is a key enabling technology to facilitate an efficient system integration of intermittent renewable generation and support energy system ***,there are still many open questions regarding the design,capacity,and value of longduration electricity storage(LDES),the synergy or competition with other flexibility technologies such as demand response,shortduration storage,and other forms of energy storage such as hydrogen *** paper presents a novel integrated formulation of electricity and hydrogen systems to identify the roles and quantify the value of longduration energy storage holistically.A spectrum of case studies has been performed using the proposed approach on a future 2050 netzero emission system background of Great Britain(GB)with a high share of renewable generation and analysed to identify the value drivers,including the impact of prolonged low wind periods during winter,the impact of different designs of LDES,and its competitiveness and synergy with other *** results demonstrate that high storage capacity can affect how the energy system will evolve and help reduce system costs.

关键词： Long-duration energy storage(LDES) whole-system optimisation integrated electricity-hydrogen system

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A simulation study of airborne wear particles from laboratory wheel-rail contacts

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Particuology 2016年第5期14卷 31-42页

作者： Hailong Liu Lage Tord Ingemar Jonsson Par goran Jonsson KTH-Royal Institute of Technology Division of Applied Process Metallurgy Department of Materials Science and Engineering SE-100 44 StockholmSweden FOI SWedish Defence Research Agency Division of CBRN De fence and Security 5E-901 82 Umed Sweden

Laboratory measurements of airborne particles from sliding contacts are often performed using a tri- bometer located in a ventilation chamber. Although knowledge of particle transport behavior inside the chamber is required because it can influence the analysis of measurements, this knowledge is lacking. A numerical model was built based on the same geometry as a pin-on-disc measurement system to explain particle transport behavior inside the chamber and to determine the deviation between real amounts of generated and measured particles at the outlet. The effect of controlled flow conditions on the airflow pattern and particle transport inside the chamber was studied for different experimental conditions. Cal- culations show that a complex airflow pattern is formed by the spinning disc, and that it differs for each rotational speed. Simulation results reveal that particle transport in the chamber is governed mainly by the airflow pattern. The deposition velocity in the chamber was estimated and the possibility that part of the generated particles would remain in the chamber was studied. This led to an approximate estima- tion of particle loss rate. A comparison between experimental and simulated results with respect to the particle mass flow rate close to the outlet yields a reference factor of 0.7, which provides an indication of the difference between measured and real values.

关键词： Airborne particles Particle transport Concentration Particle loss rate Deposition velocity

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Cognitive behavioral approach to understanding irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第22期20卷 6744-6758页

作者： goran Hauser Sanda Pletikosic Mladenka Tkalcic Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyClinical Hospital Centre Rijeka51000 RijekaCroatia Department of Psychology Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of Rijeka51000 RijekaCroatia

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is considered a biopsychosocial disorder,whose onset and precipitation are a consequence of interaction among multiple factors which include motility disturbances,abnormalities of gastrointestinal sensation,gut inflammation and infection,altered processing of afferent sensory information,psychological distress,and affective *** models have been proposed in order to describe and explain IBS,each of them focusing on specific aspects or mechanisms of the *** review attempts to present and discuss different determinants of IBS and its symptoms,from a cognitive behavioral therapy framework,distinguishing between the developmental predispositions and precipitants of the disorder,and its perpetuating cognitive,behavioral,affective and physiological *** main focus in understanding IBS will be placed on the numerouspsychosocial factors,such as personality traits,early experiences,affective disturbances,altered attention and cognitions,avoidance behavior,stress,coping and social *** conclusion,a symptom perpetuation model is proposed.

关键词： Anxiety Attention Irritable bowel syndrome Neuroticism Stress

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