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The clinical outcomes of laser with suction device in mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第1期9卷 63-68页

作者： Abhishek Gajendra Singh Sundaram Palaniappan Shrikant Jai gopal Tak Arvind Ganpule Ravindra Sabnis Mahesh Desai Department of Urology Muljibhai Patel Urological HospitalVirendradesai MargNadiadGujaratIndia

Objective:To evaluate the safety,efficacy and feasibility of laser with suction device in mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy(mini-PCNL).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted including 200 patients who underwent mini-PCNL for renal *** patients underwent PCNL using Electro-Medical Systems *** addition to the laser in 100 patients,a suction device was used(laser with suction[LWS]).In the other 100,suction device was not used(laser with no additional suction[LOS]).Mini-PCNL was performed using standard technique and Karl Storz minimally invasive PCNL-medium system was *** end point was stone ***:Both the groups were comparable in terms of demographic *** stone size was 15.24±5.90 mm and 16.16±5.53 mm in LWS and LOS,*** Hounsfield unit of stone was 1285.64 and 1206.79 in LWS and LOS,*** time was less in LWS group(56.89±19.65 min)as compared to LOS(62.01±28.81 min).At one-month follow-up,radiological complete clearance was 96%in LWS and 92%in *** subgroup analysis of stones larger than 18 mm,the clearance rate was in favour of LWS(85.7%vs.100%)and also the need for nephrostomy placement was less in LWS ***:LWS device is safe and efficacious when used with *** stones greater than 18 mm,it has a better stone free rate as compared to using no suction.

关键词： Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy Laser with suction Stone clearance

Virtual-reality-based digital twin of office spaces with social distance measurement feature

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2022年第1期4卷 55-75页

作者： Abhishek MUKHOPADHYAY G S Rajshekar REDDY KamalPreet Singh SALUJA Subhankar GHOSH Anasol PEÑA-RIOS Gokul gopal Pradipta BISWAS Indian Institute of Science BangaloreIndia BT Plc UK

Background Social distancing is an effective way to reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 *** students and researchers have already attempted to use computer vision technology to automatically detect human beings in the field of view of a camera and help enforce social ***,because of the present lockdown measures in several countries,the validation of computer vision systems using large-scale datasets is a *** In this paper,a new method is proposed for generating customized datasets and validating deep-learning-based computer vision models using virtual reality(VR)*** VR,we modeled a digital twin(DT)of an existing office space and used it to create a dataset of individuals in different postures,dresses,and *** test the proposed solution,we implemented a convolutional neural network(CNN)model for detecting people in a limited-sized dataset of real humans and a simulated dataset of humanoid *** We detected the number of persons in both the real and synthetic datasets with more than 90%accuracy,and the actual and measured distances were significantly correlated(r=0.99).Finally,we used intermittent-layer-and heatmap-based data visualization techniques to explain the failure modes of a *** A new application of DTs is proposed to enhance workplace safety by measuring the social distance between *** use of our proposed pipeline along with a DT of the shared space for visualizing both environmental and human behavior aspects preserves the privacy of individuals and improves the latency of such monitoring systems because only the extracted information is streamed.

关键词： Virtual environment Digital twin 3D visualization Convolutional neural network Object detection Social distancing

Metallic wastewater treatment by sulfate reduction using anaerobic rotating biological contactor reactor under high metal loading conditions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 119-129页

作者： Mothe Gopi Kiran Kannan Pakshirajan gopal Das Centre for the Environment Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 Assam India

This study was aimed at investigating the performance of anaerobic rotating biological cont- reactor treating synthetic wastewater containing a mixture of heavy metals under sulfate redu condition. Statistically valid factorial design of experiments was carried out to understand dynamics of metal removal using this bioreactor system. Copper removal was maximum （〉98% followed by other heavy metals at their respective low inlet concentrations. Metal loading rates than 3.7 mg/L· h in case of Cu（II）; less than 1.69 mg/L· h for Ni（II）, Pb（II）, Zn（II）, Fe（III） and C are favorable to the performance of the An-RBC reactor. Removal efficiency of the heavy metals 1 mixture depended on the metal species and their inlet loading concentrations. Analysis of n precipitates formed in the sulfidogenic bioreactor by field emission scanning electron microscopyalong with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （FESEM-EDX） confirmed metal sulfide precipitationby SRB. All these results clearly revealed that the attached growth biofilm bioreactor is well suited for heavy metal removal from complex mixture.

关键词： Factorial design analysis Sulfate reducing bacteria Multi-metal solution Heavy metal removal Anaerobic rotating biological contactorreactor High metal loading

Development of Energy Management System for Micro Grid Operation

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2537-2551页

作者： S.Jayaprakash B.Gopi Murugananth gopal Raj S.Sujith S.Deepa S.Swapna School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Muthayammal Engineering College(Autonomous)RasipuramTamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ahalia School of Engineering and TechnologyKozhiparaPalakkadKeralaIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering NSS College of EngineeringPalakkadKeralaIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering GRT Institute of Engineering and TechnologyTiruttaniThiruvallurTamil NaduIndia

The introduction of several small and large-scale industries,malls,shopping complexes,and domestic applications has significantly increased energy *** aim of the work is to simulate a technically viable and economically optimum hybrid power system for residential *** proposed micro-grid model includes four power generators:solar power,wind power,Electricity Board(EB)source,and a Diesel Generator(DG)set,with solar and wind power performing as major sources and the EB supply and DG set serving as backup *** core issue in direct current to alternate current conversion is harmonics distortion,a five-stage multilevel inverter is employed with the assistance of an intelligent control system is simulated and the optimum system configuration is estimated to reduce harmonics and improve the power *** monthly demand for residential buildings is 13-15 ***,almost 433 Kilo-Watts(KW)of electricity is required every day,and if it is used for 8 h per day,50-60 KW of electricity is needed per *** overall micro-grid model’s operation and performance are established using MATLAB/SIMULINK software,and simulation results are *** simulation results show that the developed system is both cost-effective and environment friendly resulting in yearly cost reductions.

关键词： Microgrid energy management system intelligent control system multilevel inverter power plants

Factors affecting technical efficiency of small-scale apple farms in Balochistan Plateau, Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第4期14卷 782-794页

作者： Ghulam MURTAZA gopal Bahadur THAPA Disaster Management and Development Studies University of Balochistan School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology

In Balochistan, Agriculture is dominated by small-scale farmers and the apple production sector is confronted with the chronic constraint of low output per unit of input. Although some agricultural policies have been implemented in this province, studies on effectiveness and impacts of such policies over apple production and farmers' performance are still limited. This study is an effort to bridge the research gap on this potential crop in the plateau by investigating technical and scale efficiency of 181 officially designated small-scale apple farmers in mountainous district Mastung in Balochistan; then explored factors that underlie differences in production inefficiency. A two-stage input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) methodology was employed to evaluate technical and scale efficiency followed by truncated bootstrapped regression framework to analyze the correlative determinants to efficiency. Average technical and scale efficiencies of larger landholders were higher than medium and small landholders. Analysis indicated that there is still ample scope for inefficient sample farmers to reduce the input use by 33% without compromising the given yield level. Maximum contributions to the total input savings were from the use of urea, farm yard manure(FYM) and labor-use. Farmer's experience, farm ownership, irrigation constraints, and farmer's access to trainings, credit and extension services significantly affected apple farmers' technical efficiency. Based on the findings of this study, strategies are suggested to enhancing efficiencies by farmers' capacity development through effective extension services and trainings and provision of adequate credit.

关键词：技术效率小苹果巴基斯坦高原农场数据包络分析农业政策生产部门

Geochemistry of the Palaeo–Mesoproterozoic Tadpatri shales,Cuddapah basin, India: implications on provenance,paleoweathering and paleoredox conditions

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第5期37卷 715-733页

作者： Rahul Mitra gopal Chakrabarti Debasish Shome Department of Geological Sciences Jadavpur University Education Directorate Government of West Bengal

The Palaeo–Mesoproterozoic Tadapatri formation of the Cuddapah basin is comprised of clastic sedimentary rocks with minor carbonates and mafic–ultramafic sill bodies. Geochemistry of the shale is used to study the provenance, paleoweathering and paleoredox conditions of this Tadpatri formation in order to better understand the development of the Cuddapah basin during Palaeo–Mesoproterozoic time. The higher CIA(average 74.39), PIA(average 85.94) and CIW(average 87.59) values of the Tadpatri shales suggest intensely weathered *** Al2_ O_3/TiO_2(average 30.78) and LREE/HREE ratio(average 8.80) with negative europium anomaly indicate derivation of the clastic sediments from a felsic source rock. The geochemical parameters like U, U/Th, Cu/Zn,Ni/Co, V/Cr ratios reveal that the Tadpatri shales are mainly deposited in an oxic condition.

关键词：地球化学页岩起源 Al2O3/TiO2 印度岩石组成 Cu/Zn 水准

Non-Newtonian Flow of Blood in a Catheterized Bifurcated Stenosed Artery

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第1期15卷 173-184页

作者： Jagadis Chandra Misrat gopal Chandra Shit Ranjan Pramanik Centre for Healtheare Science and Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur 711103 lndia Department of Mathematics Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 lndia

The paper is devoted to study the non-Newtonian behavior of blood flowing in an artery having a stenosis, in a situation when a catheter has been inserted into it. The blood rheology is described by Herschel-Bulkley fluid model. The flow configuration is con- structed by choosing suitable curvature at the lateral junction, where the flow separation is initiated. The effects of insertion of catheter and that of yield stress of blood on the velocity distribution, rate of flow and flow resistance of blood, distribution of shear stress at the arterial wall and the location of yield plane are investigated. The results provide some useful information for the prediction/treatment of some arterial diseases and circulatory disorders of the cardiovascular system, in a situation, when a stenosis is developed on the endothelium of the daughter artery / bifurcated artery. The study reveals that if the ratio between the radii of the catheter and the artery is increased, the shear stress at the arterial wall diminishes. However, when the bifurcation angle is increased, the wall shear stress is enhanced.

关键词： Herschel-Bulkley fluid model arterial bifurcation catheterized artery yield plane flow resistance

Electro-magnetohydrodynamic Flow of Biofluid Induced by Peristaltic Wave： A Non-newtonian Model

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第3期13卷 436-448页

作者： gopal Chandra Shit Nayan Kumar Ranjit Aniruddha Sinha Department of Mathematics Jadavpur University Kolkata - 700032 India Yogoda Satsanga Palpara Mahavidyalaya Purba Medinipur - 721458 India

This article aims to develop a mathematical model for peristaltic transport of magnetohydrodynamic flow of biofluids through a micro-channel with rhythmically contracting and expanding walls under the influence of an applied electric field. The couple stress fluid model is considered to represent the non-Newtonian characteristics ofbiofluids. The velocity slip condition at the channel walls is taken into account because of the hyclrophilic/hydrophobic interaction with negatively charged walls. The essential features of the electromagnetohydrodynamic flow of biofluid through micro-channels are clearly highlighted in the variations of the non-dimensional parameters of the physical quantities of interest such as the velocity, wall shear stress, pressure gradient, pressure rise per wave length, frictional force at the channel walls and the distribution of stream function. It reveals that the flow ofhiofluid is appreciably influenced by the sufficient strength of externally applied magnetic field and electro-osmotic parameter. The velocity slip condition reduces the frictional force at the channel wall. Moreover, the formation of the trapping bolus strongly depends on electro-osmotic parameter and magnetic field strength.

关键词： peristaltic transport couple stress fluid magnetohydrodynamics electro-osmosis

Lumped parameter analytic modeling and behavioral simulation of a 3-DOF MEMS gyro-accelerometer

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第6期31卷 910-919页

作者： Payal Verma Sandeep K.Arya Ram gopal MEMS & Micro-sensors Group CSIR – Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology

A new analytical model of a 3-degree-of-freedom （3-DOF） gyro-accelerometer system consisting of a 1-DOF drive and 2-DOF sense modes is presented. The model constructs lumped differential equations associated with each DOFof the system by vector analysis. The coupled differential equations thus established are solved analytically for their responses in both the time and frequency domains. Considering these frequency response equations, novel device design concepts are derived by forcing the sense phase to zero, which leads to a certain relationship between the structural frequencies, thereby causing minimization of the damping effect on the performance of the system. Furthermore, the feasibility of the present gyro-accelerometer structure is studied using a unique discriminatory scheme for the detection of both gyro action and linear acceleration at their events. This scheme combines the formulated settled transient solution of the gyro-accelerometer with the processes of synchronous demodulation and filtration, which leads to the in-phase and quadrature components of the system＇s output signal. These two components can be utilized in the detection of angular motion and linear acceleration. The obtained analytical results are validated by simulation in a MATLAB/Simulink environment, and it is found that the results are in excellent agreement with each other.

关键词： Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) ·Multimeasurement system. Gyro-accelerometer Gyro-accelerometer model - Transient model