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A modelling method for large-scale open spaces orientated toward coordinated control of multiple air-terminal units

Building Simulation 2023年第2期16卷 225-241页

作者： Pei Zhou Songjie Wang Jintao Zhou Syed Asad Hussain Xiaoping Liu Jiajia Gao gongsheng huang School of Civil Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefeiAnhuiChina Life Cycle Management Laboratory School of EngineeringUniversity of British Columbia(Okanagan Campus)KelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada Department of Building Environment&Energy Engineering Wuhan University of Science&TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Architectural and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina

The temperature distribution is always assumed to be homogeneous in a traditional singleinput-single-output(SISO)air conditioning control strategy.However,the airflow inside is more complicated and unpredictable.This study proposes a zonal temperature control strategy with a thermal coupling effect integrated for air-conditioned large-scale open spaces.The target space was split into several subzones based on the minimum controllable air terminal units in the proposed method,and each zone can be controlled to its own set-point while considering the thermal coupling effect from its adjacent zones.A numerical method resorting to computational fluid dynamics was presented to obtain the heat transfer coefficients(HTCs)under different air supply scenarios.The relationship between heat transfer coefficient and zonal temperature difference was linearized.Thus,currently available zonal models in popular software can be used to simulate the dynamic response of temperatures in large-scale indoor open spaces.Case studies showed that the introduction of HTCs across the adjacent zones was capable of enhancing the precision of temperature control of large-scale open spaces.It could satisfy the temperature requirements of different zones,improve thermal comfort and at least 11%of energy saving can be achieved by comparing with the conventional control strategy.

关键词： large-scale open space zonal temperature control CFD thermal coupling heat transfer coefficient TRNSYS

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Cooling load characteristics of indoor spaces conditioned by decoupled radiant cooling unit with low radiant temperature

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Building Simulation 2022年第12期15卷 2067-2079页

作者： Yuying Liang Nan Zhang Huijun Wu Xinhua Xu Jianming Yang gongsheng huang Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Building Environment&Energy Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina School of Automation Guangdong Polytechnic Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510665China

Decoupled radiant cooling units(DRCUs)are capable of increasing the cooling capacity without increasing condensation risks even using a much lower cooling temperature than conventional radiant cooling units(CRCUs).However,it is unclear whether DRCUs using low radiant cooling temperature will increase the cooling load of the conditioned indoor spaces.In this study,the cooling load characteristics of a thermal chamber conditioned by a DRCU was investigated through developing a steady-state analysis model suitable for both DRCUs and CRCUs.The total/radiative heat flux,as well as the heat exchange with a thermal manikin and walls were analysed under different surface temperatures of DRCUs.The effect of the emissivity of the thermal chamber’external wall on the cooling load was also investigated.Results indicated that the cooling load under the DRCU was slightly smaller than that under the CRCU when the same operative environment was created.Decreasing the infrared emissivity of the exterior wall’s inner surface could lead to a significant decrease in the cooling load for both the DRCU and CRCU.By decreasing the wall emissivity from 0.9 to 0.1,the total cooling load of the DRCU can be decreased by 8.4%and the heat gain of the exterior wall decreased by 21.6%.This study serves as a reference for developing the analysis model and understanding the load characteristics when DRCUs are used to create the thermal environment for indoor spaces.

关键词： radiant cooling condensation-free computational fluid dynamics cooling load hot and humid climates

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Room temperature and humidity decoupling control of common variable air volume air-conditioning system based on bilinear characteristics

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2023年第3期4卷 354-367页

作者： Yuan Zhang Tian Yan Xinhua Xu Jiajia Gao gongsheng huang Department of Building Environment&Energy Engineering Huazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Building Environment&Energy Engineering Wuhan University of Science&TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Variable air volume(VAV)air-conditioning(AC)systems are widely employed to achieve a comfortable room thermal and humid environment depending on its better regulation performance and energy efficiency.In the single coil VAV AC system,conventional proportional-integral(PI)control algorithm is usually adopted to track the set-points of the room temperature and humidity by regulating the supply air flow rate and the chilled water flow rate,respectively.However,the control performance is usually not good due to the high coupling of the heat and mass transfer in the air-handling unit(AHU).A model-based control method is developed to realize the decoupling control of the room temperature and humidity according to the bilinear characteristics of the temperature and humidity variation.In this control method,a bilinear room temperature controller is used to track the room temperature set-point based on the real-time cooling load,while a room humidity controller is used to track the room humidity set-point depending on the real-time humidity load.The control performance was validated in a simulated VAV AC system.The test results show that comparing with the conventional PI control,the room temperature and humidity are controlled much more robustly and accurately by using the proposed model-based control method.

关键词： VAV air-conditioning system Room temperature control Room humidity control Bilinear control Model-based cascade control

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Swimming pool heating technology:A state-of-the-art review

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 421-440页

作者： Yantong Li Natasa Word gongsheng huang Xin Li Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

A large amount of heat is needed to maintain the thermal comfort of both indoor and outdoor swimming pools in cold seasons.This motivates the development of various heating technologies aiming to reduce energy use,as well as operating and investment costs.Although their development can be traced back to the 1960s,a comprehensive review of these technologies is lacking.Therefore,this paper presents a comprehensive review of the development of heating technologies for swimming pools.This review firstly introduces available heat transfer models that can be used to calculate or predict heat loss and heat gain for swimming pools.Then,different passive and active technologies are summarized.The active heating technologies used for indoor swimming pools include solar collector,heat pump,waste heat recovery,geothermal energy,and congregation technologies.The active heating technologies used for outdoor swimming pools include solar collector,heat pump,PCM storage,geothermal energy,biomass heater,and waste heat recovery technologies.A discussion is presented on the practical and possible heating techniques for swimming pool applications.Finally,through the reviewed literature,future research opportunities are identified,to guide researchers to investigate swimming pool heating systems with suitable and relevant technologies.

关键词： swimming pool heating supply solar energy heat pump phase change material

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Uncertainty-based life-cycle analysis of near-zero energy buildings for performance improvements

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建筑节能 2018年第3期46卷 144-144页

作者： Pei huang gongsheng huang Yongjun Sun 侯恩哲 <建筑节能>杂志社

Near-zero energy buildings( nZEBs) are considered as an effective solution to mitigating CO_2 emissions and reducing the energy usage in the building sector. A proper sizing of the nZEB systems( e. g. HVAC systems,energy supply systems,energy storage systems, etc.) is essential for achieving the desired annual energy balance,thermal comfort,and grid independence. Two significant factors affecting the sizing of nZEB systems are the uncertainties confronted by the building usage condition and weather condition,and the degradation effects in nZEB system components. The former factor has been studied by many researchers; however,the impact of degradation is still neglected in most studies. Degradation is prevalent in energy components of nZEB and inevitably leads to the deterioration of nZEB life-cycle performance. As a result,neglecting the degradation effects may lead to a system design which can only achieve the desired performance at the beginning several years. This paper,therefore,proposes a life-cycle performance analysis( LCPA) method for investigating the impact of degradation on the longitudinal performance of the nZEBs. The method not only integrates the uncertainties in predicting building thermal load and weather condition,but also considers the degradation in the nZEB systems. Based on the proposed LCPA method,a two-stage method is proposed to improve the sizing of the nZEB systems.The study can improve the designers "understanding of the components"degradation impacts and the proposed method is effective in the life-cycle performance analysis and improvements of nZEBs. It is the first time that the impacts of degradation and uncertainties on nZEB LCP are analysed. Case studies showthat an nZEB might not fulfil its definition at all after some years due to component degradation,while the proposed two-stage design method can effectively alleviate this problem.

关键词：环境保护新能源

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变风量空调系统室内温度控制

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华中科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2015年第12期43卷 86-89,105页

作者：高佳佳徐新华黄公胜华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院湖北武汉430074 香港城市大学土木工程与建筑系香港九龙999077

针对变送风温度的变风量空调系统,提出了一种简化的双线性控制算法.此控制算法可以在送风温度大幅度波动的情况下,将室内温度维持在设定值.利用TRNSYS软件建立仿真平台,对简化的双线性控制算法进行测试,结果表明:简化的双线性控制可以... 详细信息

针对变送风温度的变风量空调系统,提出了一种简化的双线性控制算法.此控制算法可以在送风温度大幅度波动的情况下,将室内温度维持在设定值.利用TRNSYS软件建立仿真平台,对简化的双线性控制算法进行测试,结果表明:简化的双线性控制可以获得比传统的比例积分(PI)控制更好的控制结果,简化的双线性控制算法可以很好地应用到变送风温度的变风量空调系统中,提高室内温度控制的鲁棒性.

关键词：变风量空调系统变送风温度双线性控制鲁棒性动态仿真

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RGS12 inhibits the progression and metastasis of multiple myeloma by driving M1 macrophage polarization and activation in the bone marrow microenvironment

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Cancer Communications 2022年第1期42卷 60-64页

作者： gongsheng Yuan Yan huang Shu-ting Yang Andrew Ng Shuying Yang Department of Basic and Translational Sciences School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Department of Oral Biology State University of New York at BuffaloSchool of Dental MedicineBuffaloNY 14214United States The Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Center for Innovation&Precision Dentistry School of Dental MedicineSchool of Engineering and Applied SciencesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

Dear Editor,Multiple myeloma(MM)is a malignant plasma cancer that grows in the bone marrow and migrates through the bloodstream.Fifty-eight percent of MM patients exhibit the phenotype of hepatomegaly,and 40%have myeloma cell infiltration in the liver[1].The occurrence and migration of MM are highly associated with the bone marrow microenvironment[2].A key in the develop-ment of MM is the evasion and suppression of the host immune system.Monocyte/macrophage-lineage cells are major components of the infiltrating leukocytes in tumors.

关键词： myeloma macrophage metastasis

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玻璃体内注射曲安奈德对视网膜组织结构的影响

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中国实用眼科杂志 2009年第1期27卷 48-50页

作者：黄黎黎宋愈吴莹施公胜江苏省南通市第一人民医院(南通大学第二附属医院)眼科 226001 南通大学附属医院病理科

目的探讨曲安奈德（TA）玻璃体腔注射的不同观察时间和有无赋形剂对兔视网膜组织学结构的影响。方法普通级健康中华大耳白兔36只，随机分为4组进行玻璃体内注药。A1组：含赋形剂，观察时间20d；A2组：含赋形剂，观察时间45d；B1组：去... 详细信息

目的探讨曲安奈德（TA）玻璃体腔注射的不同观察时间和有无赋形剂对兔视网膜组织学结构的影响。方法普通级健康中华大耳白兔36只，随机分为4组进行玻璃体内注药。A1组：含赋形剂，观察时间20d；A2组：含赋形剂，观察时间45d；B1组：去除赋形剂，观察时间20d：B2组：去除赋形剂，观察时间45天。观察时间结束时处死动物，摘除眼球行组织学检查。结果A1和A2、B1和B2组间比较差异均无统计学意义，而A1和B1、A2和B2组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论含赋形剂TA玻璃体腔注射可能影响视网膜组织形态。

关键词：曲安奈德视网膜组织学组织结构

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胃癌微血管密度变化及其表达的临床病理意义

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南通医学院学报 2001年第1期21卷 27-28页

作者：施公胜黄剑飞黄华南通医学院附属医院病理科南通226001

目的 :探讨微血管密度 (MVD)在胃癌发展中的变化及血管第八因子相关抗原抗体 (F- )的表达水平的临床病理意义。方法 :用 F- 相关抗原抗体免疫组织化学染色 S- P法检测 5 6例胃癌手术切除标本 ,观察癌组织、癌旁及正常组织中微血管密... 详细信息

目的 :探讨微血管密度 (MVD)在胃癌发展中的变化及血管第八因子相关抗原抗体 (F- )的表达水平的临床病理意义。方法 :用 F- 相关抗原抗体免疫组织化学染色 S- P法检测 5 6例胃癌手术切除标本 ,观察癌组织、癌旁及正常组织中微血管密度 ,分析其与胃癌的发展关系。结果 :微血管密度在癌组织为 40 .2 4± 13.6 ,癌旁为 2 5 .2 0± 10 .12 ,正常组织为 14.2 1± 4.2 5 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,有转移者与无转移者的微血管密度分别为 40 .17± 8.91和 19.2 1±10 .0 4(P<0 .0 1)。结论 :微血管的生长与胃癌的发展有关 ,除淋巴结转移、浸润深度 ,肿瘤分期具有预后意义外 ,胃癌组织中微血管密度也具有判断预后的价值。

关键词：胃癌微血管密度血管第八因子相关抗原抗体病理

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乙型肝炎病毒相关肝硬化组织中卵圆细胞形态与数量研究

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南通大学学报（医学版） 2006年第3期26卷 190-192页

作者：顾美珍黄华施公胜南通大学附属医院病理科南通226001

目的:观察乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关肝硬化组织中卵圆细胞数量与形态。方法:对29例乙型肝炎病毒相关肝硬化组织进行组织学观察及免疫组化染色。对其中5例标本进行透射电镜观察。以5例正常肝脏作对照。结果:各标本在光镜和电镜下均可观察到... 详细信息

目的:观察乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关肝硬化组织中卵圆细胞数量与形态。方法:对29例乙型肝炎病毒相关肝硬化组织进行组织学观察及免疫组化染色。对其中5例标本进行透射电镜观察。以5例正常肝脏作对照。结果:各标本在光镜和电镜下均可观察到形态较相似的卵圆细胞。免疫组化及透射电镜显示,这些细胞具有双向分化的潜能。正常肝组织未见类似细胞。结论:HBV相关肝硬化组织中均存在卵圆细胞,它是具有双向分化能力的前体细胞,且与肝硬化的发生与发展有密切关系。

关键词：肝硬化干细胞免疫组织化学法乙型肝炎病毒卵圆细胞

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