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Automated control and optimization of laser-driven ion acceleration

高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 32-40页

作者： B.Loughran M.J.V.Streeter H.Ahmed S.Astbury M.Balcazar M.Borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann S.DiIorio N.P.Dover t.Dzelzainis O.C.Ettlinger M.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.glenn S.H.Glenzer J.S.Green R.J.Gray G.S.Hicks C.Hyland V.Istokskaia M.King D.Margarone O.McCusker P.McKenna Z.Najmudin C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes A.G.R.thomas F.treffert N.Xu C.A.J.Palmer School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Imperial College LondonLondonUK ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesDolníBˇrežanyCzech Republic Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

the interaction of relativistically intense lasers with opaque targets represents a highly non-linear,multi-dimensional parameter *** limits the utility of sequential 1D scanning of experimental parameters for the optimization of secondary radiation,although to-date this has been the accepted methodology due to low data acquisition *** repetition-rate(HRR)lasers augmented by machine learning present a valuable opportunity for efficient source ***,an automated,HRR-compatible system produced high-fidelity parameter scans,revealing the influence of laser intensity on target pre-heating and proton generation.A closed-loop Bayesian optimization of maximum proton energy,through control of the laser wavefront and target position,produced proton beams with equivalent maximum energy to manually optimized laser pulses but using only 60%of the laser *** demonstration of automated optimization of laser-driven proton beams is a crucial step towards deeper physical insight and the construction of future radiation sources.

关键词： Bayesian optimization high repetition-rate laser-target interaction laser-driven particle acceleration proton generation

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基于脑MRI髓鞘形成的深度学习预测新生儿和婴儿的脑龄

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国际医学放射学杂志 2023年第1期46卷 112-112页

作者： J.V.Chen G.Chaudhari C.P.Hess O.A.glenn L.P.Sugrue A.M.Rauschecker 袁园

摘要根据妊娠校正年龄（GCA）在t1WI和t2WI上评估脑的髓鞘化,需要在了解正常髓鞘形成阶段基础上对脑进行主观观察。目的建立基于MRI脑髓鞘形成来预测新生儿和

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右心行旁路手术后室间隔完整的肺动脉闭锁患者的左室功能

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 57-58页

作者： tanoue Y. Kado H. Maeda t. 刘少伟

the left ventricular performance in patients with pulmonary atresia with intac t ventricular septum who were Fontan candidates before and after the bidirection al glenn procedure and a staged total cavopulmonary connection was compared with that in patients with tricuspid atresia. Contractility(end-systolic elastance) , afterload(effective arterial elastance), and ventricular efficiency(ventriculo arte-rial coupling, arterial elastance/end-systolic elastance ratio), and the ratio of stroke work and pressure-volume area were approximated on the basis of cardiac catheterization data before the bidirectional glenn procedure, before and after staged total cavopulmonary connection, and approxi mately 1 year after the completion of total cavopulmonary connection in 20 patie nts with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and 21 patients with t ricuspid atresia. the end-systolic elastance of the pulmonary atresia with inta ct ventricular septum group was significantly inferior to that of the tricuspid atresia group after bidirectional glenn procedure and total cavopulmonary connec tion(1 year after total cavopulmonary connection 1.85 0.51 mm Hg m2 mL-1 vs 2.8 4 0.96 mm Hg m2 mL-1, P . 01). the arterial elastance was not different between groups throughout the assessment period and tended to increase in a stepwise fa shion after bidirectional glenn procedure and total cavopulmonary connection. th e arterial elastance/end-systolic elastance ratio and ratio of stroke work and pressure-volume area of the pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum gr oup tended toworsen,whereas those of the tricuspid atresia group tended to impro ve. the difference reached statistical significance 1 year after total cavopulmo nary connection(1.15 0.35 vs 0.82 0.23 and 64.2%6.7%vs 71.3%5.7%, respective ly, P . 05 and P . 05, respectively). the contractility and ventricular efficien cy of patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum are inferio r to those of pati

关键词：室间隔完整肺动脉闭锁左室功能旁路手术压力-容积环收缩性动脉弹性三尖瓣闭锁后负荷心导管

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Versatile tape-drive target for high-repetition-rate laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第4期11卷 59-69页

作者： N.Xu M.J.V.Streeter O.C.Ettlinger H.Ahmed S.Astbury M.Borghesi N.Bourgeois C.B.Curry S.J.D.Dann N.P.Dover t.Dzelzainis V.Istokskaia M.Gauthier L.Giuffrida G.D.glenn S.H.Glenzer R.J.Gray J.S.Green G.S.Hicks C.Hyland M.King B.Loughran D.Margarone O.McCusker P.McKenna C.Parisuaña P.Parsons C.Spindloe D.R.Symes F.treffert C.A.J.Palmer Z.Najmudin John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK School of Maths and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkUSA ELI Beamlines Centre Institute of PhysicsCASDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Physics SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

We present the development and characterization of a high-stability,multi-material,multi-thickness tape-drive target for laser-driven acceleration at repetition rates of up to 100 *** tape surface position was measured to be stable on the sub-micrometre scale,compatible with the high-numerical aperture focusing geometries required to achieve relativistic intensity interactions with the pulse energy available in current multi-Hz and near-future higher repetition-rate lasers(>kHz).Long-term drift was characterized at 100 Hz demonstrating suitability for operation over extended *** target was continuously operated at up to 5 Hz in a recent experiment for 70,000 shots without intervention by the experimental team,with the exception of tape replacement,producing the largest data-set of relativistically intense laser–solid foil measurements to *** tape drive provides robust targetry for the generation and study of high-repetitionrate ion beams using next-generation high-power laser systems,also enabling wider applications of laser-driven proton sources.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser target laser-plasma acceleration proton generation tape-drive target

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Assemblage-based biomonitoring of freshwater ecosystem health via multimetric indices:A critical review and suggestions for improving their applicability

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第3期1卷 28-42页

作者： Robert L.Vadas Jr. Robert M.Hughes Yeon Jae Bae Min Jeong Baek Orestes Carlos Bello Gonzáles Marcos Callisto Débora ReisdeCarvalho Kai Chen Maria t.Ferreira Pablo Fierro Jon S.Harding Dana M.Infante C.J.Kleynhans Diego R.Macedo Isabela Martins Norman Mercado Silva Nabor Moya Susan J.Nichols Paulo S.Pompeu Renata Ruaro Deborah R.O.Silva R.Jan Stevenson Bianca de Freitas terra Christa thirion Douglas ticiani Lizhu Wang Chris O.Yoder 2909 Boulevard Rd SEOlympiaWA98501-3971USA Amnis Opes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Fisheries Wildlife&Conservation SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA Division of Environmental Science&Ecological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul02841South Korea National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment42 Hwangyeong-roSeo-guIncheon22689South Korea Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos1001Col.ChamilpaC.P62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico Departamento de Genética Ecologia e EvoluçaoInstituto de Ciências BiologicaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Ant^onio Carlos 6627CEP31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Departamento de Ecologia e Conservaçao Universidade Federal de Lavras37200-900LavrasMGBrazil State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utiliization in South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Forest Research Centre&Associate Laboratory tERRA University of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017LisbonPortugal Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnologicas Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile School of Biological Sciences University of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch8140New Zealand Department of Fisheries&Wildlife Michigan State University1405 South Harrison Road#318East LansingMI48823USA Department of Water Affairs and Forestry(retired) 8th Avenue 771Wonderboom South0084PretoriaSouth Africa Departamento de Geografia Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Antônio Carlos 6627CEP31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Instituto Guaicuy 109 Rua BrasopolisBelo HorizonteMG31150-170Brazil Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAvenida Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaC.P.62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico Instituto Experimental de Biología Universidad San Francisco Xavier de ChuquisacaSucreBolivia Centre for Applied Water Science Un

Freshwater biota are more comprehensive and direct indicators of biological impacts,and more meaningful to the public than water quality or physical habitat *** biotic data and the multiple biological indicators developed from them offer a much richer array of data for assessing the impacts of pollution controls than a limited set of physical or chemical *** recent decades,assemblage-based assessments by ecologists,environmental scientists,and water quality agencies have been employed globally for determining the condition of,and threats to,freshwater ecosystems.A key step in this advance has been the development of multimetric indices(MMIs)or indices of biotic integrity(IBIs)based on quantitative assessments of algae,macrophyte,macroinvertebrate,fish or riparian bird *** Europe,where biological assemblages are mandated for assessing freshwater ecosystem health,many indices are ***,the proliferation of MMIs globally has not always occurred through the application of rigorous study designs and monitoring protocols,nor have they always effectively incorporated functional metrics,stressor assessments,and statistical ***,in this review,we discuss eleven major concerns with the development and application(including logistical limitations)of multimetric indicators based on freshwater biota to encourage more rigorous and widely applicable(transferable)MMI use and ***,our concerns focus on reference conditions;sampling effort,methods,and season;trophic guild definition;metric comprehensiveness,options,screening and scoring;and MMI *** could also benefit from increased attention to ecological mechanisms and metric development,to further improve our understanding of anthropogenic impacts as well as rehabilitation effects on freshwater ecosystems *** closer attention to study designs,ecological mechanisms and metric development should further improve our understa

关键词： IBI MMI Fish Macroinvertebrates Algae Streams Rivers Lakes Wetlands Biological monitoring

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