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Method to assess component contribution to toxicity of complex mixtures： Assessment of puberty acquisition in rats exposed to disinfection byproducts

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 311-321页

作者： Shahid Parvez glenn e.rice Linda K.Teuschler Jane ellen Simmons Thomas F.Speth Susan D.Richardson Richard J.Miltner e.Sidney Hunter Ⅲ Jonathan G.Pressman Lillian F.Strader Gary R.Klinefelter Jerome M.Goldman Michael G.Narotsky Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health Department of Environmental Health Sciences IUPUI Campus Indianapolis IN 46202 USA National Center for environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Lincla Teuschler and Associates St. Petersburg FL 33707 USA National Health and environmental effects Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711 USA National Risk Management Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA

A method based on regression modeling was developed to discern the contribution of component chemicals to the toxicity of highly complex, environmentally realistic mixtures of disinfection byproducts（DBPs）. Chemical disinfection of drinking water forms DBP *** of concerns about possible reproductive and developmental toxicity, a whole mixture（WM） of DBPs produced by chlorination of a water concentrate was administered as drinking water to Sprague–Dawley（S–D） rats in a multigenerational study. Age of puberty acquisition,i.e., preputial separation（PPS） and vaginal opening（VO）, was examined in male and female offspring, respectively. When compared to controls, a slight, but statistically significant delay in puberty acquisition was observed in females but not in males. WM-induced differences in the age at puberty acquisition were compared to those reported in S–D rats administered either a defined mixture（DM） of nine regulated DBPs or individual DBPs. Regression models were developed using individual animal data on age at PPS or VO from the DM study. Puberty acquisition data reported in the WM and individual DBP studies were then compared with the DM models. The delay in puberty acquisition observed in the WM-treated female rats could not be distinguished from delays predicted by the DM regression model, suggesting that the nine regulated DBPs in the DM might account for much of the delay observed in the WM. This method is applicable to mixtures of other types of chemicals and other endpoints.

关键词： Drinking water disinfection byproducts DBP Puberty delay Four Lab Study Mixtures risk assessment

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environmentally Responsible Lightweight Passenger Vehicle Design and Manufacturing

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第3期6卷 300-310页

作者： glenn S.Daehn Katrin e.Daehn Oliver Kuttner Department of Materials Science and engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA Department of Materials Science and engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeUSA edision2 CharlottesvilleUSA

The mass reduction of passenger vehicles has been a great focus of academic research and federal policy initiatives of the United States with coordinated funding efforts and even a focus of a Manufacturing USA *** potential benefit of these programs can be described as modest from a societal point of view,for example reducing vehicle mass by up to 25%with modest cost implications(under$5 per pound saved)and the ability to implement with existing manufacturing *** more aggressive reductions in greenhouse gas production are necessary and possible,while delivering the same *** is demonstrated with a higher-level design thinking exercise on an environmentally responsible lightweight vehicle,leading to the following criteria:lightweight,low aerodynamic drag,long-lived(over 30 years and 2 million miles),adaptable,electric,and used in a shared manner on average over 8 h per *** these specifications,passenger-mile demand may be met with around 1/10 of the current *** vehicles would likely have significantly different designs and construction than incumbent *** is likely future automotive production will be more analogous to current aircraft produc-tion with higher costs per pound and lower volumes,but with dramatically reduced financial and environmental cost per passenger mile,with less material per vehicle,and far less material required in the national or worldwide *** benefits of this vision include far fewer parking lots,greater accessibility to personal transportation,and improved pedestrian safety,while maintaining a vibrant and engaging *** systemic changes to the business models and research and development directions(including lightweight design and manufacturing)are discussed,which could bring forth far more sustainable personal transportation.

关键词： Sustainability Personal transportation Lighgweighting Design

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Statistical analyses of Global U-Pb Database 2017

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 121-145页

作者： Stephen J.Puetz Carlos e.Ganade Udo Zimmermann glenn Borchardt Progressive Science Institute HonoluluHI 96815USA Geological Survey of Brazil Rio de JaneiroBrazil University of Stavanger Department of Petroleum EngineeringStavangerNorway Progressive Science Institute Box 5335BerkeleyCA 94705USA

The method of obtaining zircon samples affects estimation of the global U-Pb age *** typically collect zircons via convenience sampling and cluster *** using these techniques,weight adjustments proportional to the areas of the sampled regions improve upon unweighted ***,grid-area and modern sediment methods are used to weight the samples from a new database of 418,967 U-Pb *** tests involve two age ***-1 uses the most precise U-Pb ages as the best ***-2 uses the^(206)Pb/^(238)U age as the best age if it is less than a1000 Ma cutoff,otherwise it uses the^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb age as the best age.A correlation analysis between the Model-1 and Model-2 ages indicates nearly identical distributions for both ***,after applying acceptance criteria to include only the most precise analyses with minimal discordance,a histogram of the rejected samples shows excessive rejection of the Model-2 analyses around the1000 Ma cutoff *** of the excessive rejection rate for Model-2,we select Model-1 as the preferred *** eliminating all rejected samples,the remaining analyses use only Model-1 ages for five rock-type subsets of the database:igneous,meta-igneous,sedimentary,meta-sedimentary,and modern ***,time-series plots,cross-correlation analyses,and spectral analyses determine the degree of alignment among the time-series and their *** all rock types,the U-Pb age distributions are similar for ages older than 500 Ma,but align poorly for ages younger than 500 *** similarities(>500 Ma)and differences(eductionism from a detailed database enhances understanding of time-dependent sequences,such as erosion,detrital transport mechanisms,lithification,and ***-series analyses and spectral analyses of the age distributions predominantly indicate a synchronous period-tripling sequence of^91-Myr,~273-Myr,and^819-Myr among the various rock typ

关键词： Time series Spectral analysis Periodicity Sampling Reductionism Zircon

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Combined influence of Ce(Ⅲ)and iodide ions for corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3 in acidic to neutral chloride-rich environments:electrochemical and surface characterization studies

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Journal of Rare earths 2023年第2期41卷 309-320页

作者： Mohammed A.el-Hashemy Anthony e.Hughes Thomas Gengenbach A.Matthew glenn Ivan S.Cole Chemistry Department College of ScienceJouf UniversityP.O.Box 2014SakakaAljoufSaudi Arabia Air Pollution Research Department Environmental and Climate Change Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt CSIRO Mineral Resources ClaytonVic3168Australia CSIRO Manufacturing ClaytonVic3168Australia School of engineering RMIT UniversityCarltonVic3053Australia

It has been reported that trivalent cerium salts are effective inhibitors for corrosion of AA2024-T3 in neutral to alkaline co rrosive enviro nments,but poor in acidic *** this study,work was done for extending corrosion resistance provided by Ce(NO_(3))_(3)to acidic pHs as low as 2.5 through the addition of iodide *** this end,potentiodynamic polarization was used to ascertain the optimum Ce(Ⅲ)concentration for the inhibition of AA2024-T3 corrosion in 3.5%NaCl *** optimum concentration is found to be in a range between 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/L Ce(Ⅲ).This optimum concentration also gives a maximum width of the passive region under the pitting potential(epit).Based on this optimization,further work was performed as a function of pH without and in the presence of 0.01 mol/L KI at five pH values(2.5,4,5,7,and 8).Without iodide the best inhibition provided by the Ce(Ⅲ)cation is at pH=7 but active corrosion is observed at pH=2.5 with an estimated inhibitor efficiency(-37.6%).The addition of iodide ions(I^(-))reverses the poor corrosion resistance whereby the inhibitor efficiency becomes 47.7%.Moreover,at pH=4 the efficiency is also increased from 54.0%to 81.0%with iodide addition providing a significant improvement over Ce(Ⅲ)cations alone under acidic *** is a synergistic effect between I-anion and Ce(Ⅲ)cation,which is determined to be 2.4 and 2.1 at pH=2.5and 4.0,*** pH=5 and 7 there is virtually no change in inhibition but at pH=8 the inhibition falls away due to a considerable amount of cerium precipitating out of solution as cerium *** protective film formed on sites in the aluminium alloy surface at different pH values was examined by both scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the role of these ions as a function of pH in surface *** is proposed that at pH=2.5 protection is provided by a bilayer adsorption of iodide with"cap

关键词： Aluminium alloy Cerium(Ⅲ)salt Potassium iodide Corrosion inhibitor XPS Rare earths

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Comparing carbon accumulation in restored and natural wetland soils of coastal Louisiana

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第6期34卷 600-607页

作者： glenn M.Suir Charles e.Sasser Ronald D.DeLaune elizabeth O.Murray U.S.Army engineer Research and Development Center Environmental LaboratoryWetlands and Environmental Technologies Research Facility Louisiana State University Department of Oceanography and Coastal ScienceCollege of the Coast and Environment U.S.Army engineer Research and Development Center Environmental Laboratory

Louisiana’s chronic wetland deterioration has resulted in massive soil organic matter loss and subsequent carbon release through *** combat these losses,and reestablish ecosystem function,goods,and services,many restoration projects have been constructed or planned throughout coastal *** are significant data gaps and conflicting results regarding wetland contributions to global warming,especially related to carbon sequestration in restored *** exceptionally large data set was used to derive carbon accumulation rates from key soil characteristics and *** and comparisons of bulk density,organic matter,total carbon,vertical accretion(short-and longer-term),and carbon accumulation rates were made across time(chronosequence) and space(i.e.,coastwide,watershed basins,and vegetation zones).Carbon accumulation rates in the Louisiana coastal zone were generally correlated to hydrogeomorphology,with higher rates occurring in zones of high river connectivity or in swamp or higher salinity tolerant *** average,naturally occurring wetlands had higher carbon accumulation rates than restoration *** some restoration measures were higher,and most showed increasing carbon accumulation rates over *** demonstrate that although wetland restoration provides many ecosystem benefits,the associated carbon sequestration may also provide useful measures for climate change management.

关键词： Wetland productivity Chronosequence Carbon sequestration Wetland restoration Coastal Louisiana

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Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALeRIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍNGUeZ BUCIO HAO LIU JOSÉMANUeL LUQUe GONZÁLeZ FRANCISCO JURADO-ROMeRO ALeJANDRO ORTeGA-MOÑUX glenn CHURCHILL JAMeS C.GATeS JAMeS HILLIeR NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIeLe MeLATI JeNS H.SCHMID ILARIA CRISTIANI PAVeL CHeBeN J.GONZALO WANGÜeMeRT-PÉReZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FeRNÁNDeZ FReDeRIC GARDeS COSIMO LACAVA PeRIKLIS PeTROPOULOS Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TeLMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of electrical engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced electronics and Photonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal

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Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Novel Salt-Tolerant rice Germplasms from the Philippines and Bangladesh

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rice science 2019年第3期26卷 178-188,I0003,I0004,I0005页

作者： Wilson F.AALA Jr glenn B.GReGORIO University of the Philippines Los Banos College

To screen for new sources of salinity tolerance, 688 traditional rice varieties from the Philippines and Bangladesh were obtained, and their tolerance to hypersaline conditions at the seedling stage was examined. A total of 29 Philippine lines and 15 Bangladeshi lines were scored as *** assessment(plant height, biomass and Na-K ratio) revealed that among the 44 salt-tolerant accessions, Casibon, Kalagnon and Ikogan had significantly higher relative shoot length difference, relative shoot growth reduction and shoot Na-K ratio than the tolerant check ***, AC and Akundo exhibited significantly higher Na-K ratios than the other genotypes. The genetic diversity of the 44 genotypes was assessed using 34 simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 133 alleles were detected across all loci. Cluster analysis showed that AC, Akundo and Kuplod were clustered along with FL478, indicating a strong genetic relatedness between these genotypes. IR29(susceptible check) was singly separated. The haplotype analysis revealed that none of the 44 genotypes had a similar allele combination as FL478. These accessions are of interest since each genotype might be different from the classical salinity-tolerant Pokkali.

关键词： rice simple sequence repeat Na-K ratio salinity tolerance traditional landrace

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Scamper for Student Creativity

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语言教育 1999年第10期 24-27页

作者： Robert e.glenn 邬金荣

Most schools do little to foster creativity and *** fact,schools often discourage divergent *** canteachers do to stimulate creativity?What is a good way to workwith students who at home often remain passively glued t... 详细信息

关键词： Scamper for Student Creativity

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Spoil characterisation using UAV-based optical remote sensing in coal mine dumps

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第5期10卷 72-86页

作者： Sureka Thiruchittampalam Sarvesh Kumar Singh Bikram Pratap Banerjee Nancy F.glenn Simit Raval School of Minerals and energy Resources engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Agriculture Victoria Grains Innovation Park110 Natimuk RoadHorshamVIC 3400Australia Department of Geosciences Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA

The structural integrity of mine dumps is crucial for mining operations to avoid adverse impacts on the triple *** temporal assessments of coal mine dumps are a compliant requirement to ensure design reconciliation as spoil off-loading continues over ***,the conventional in-situ coal spoil characterisation is inefficient,laborious,hazardous,and prone to experts'observation *** this end,this study explores a novel approach to develop automated coal spoil characterisation using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)based optical remote *** textural and spectral properties of the high-resolution UAV images were utilised to derive lithology and geotechnical parameters(i.e.,fabric structure and relative density/consistency)in the proposed *** raw images were converted to an orthomosaic using structure from motion aided ***,structural descriptors were computed per pixel to enhance feature modalities of the spoil ***,machine learning algorithms were employed with ground truth from experts as training and testing data to characterise spoil rapidly with minimal human *** characterisation accuracies achieved from the proposed approach manifest a digital solution to address the limitations in the conventional characterisation approach.

关键词： Lithology Fabric structure Consistency/relative density Dimensionality reduction Supervised learning algorithms

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How to Use Time Wisely

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大学英语 2004年第5期 18-19页

作者： Robert e.glenn 沈畔阳不详辽宁财政高等专科学校

Far too many students in school today cannot manage their time adequately. Since time management for students is a key component of effective study skills, a lot of students could learn more and make better grades if ... 详细信息

关键词：大学英语对照读物阅读练习学习辅导

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