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Etching-free pixel definition in InGaN green micro-LEDs

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1655-1665页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Yi Lu Haicheng Cao glen Isaac Maciel Garcia Tingang Liu Xiao Tang Na Xiao Raul Aguileta vazquez Mingtao Nong Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 v voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors

关键词： annealing protective quantum

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Interfacial Strategies for Smart Slippery Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第4期17卷 633-643页

作者： glen McHale Rodrigo Ledesma-Aguilar Gary George Wells Smart Materials&Surfaces Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE18STUK

The problem of contact line pinning on surfaces is pervasive and contributes to problems from ring stains to ice *** we provide a single conceptual framework for interfacial strategies encompassing five strategies for modifying the solid-liquid interface to remove pinning and increase droplet *** biomimetic strategies are included,(i)reducing the liquid-solid interfacial area inspired by the Lotus effect,(ii)converting the liquid-solid contact to a solid-solid contact by the formation of a liquid marble inspired by how galling aphids remove honeydew,and(iii)converting the liquid-solid interface to a liquid-lubricant contact by the use of a lubricant impregnated surface inspired by the Nepenthes Pitcher *** further strategies are,(iv)converting the liquid-solid contact to a liquid-vapor contact by using the Leidenfrost effect,and(v)converting the contact to a liquid-liquid-like contact using slippery omniphobic covalent attachment of a liquid-like coating(SOCAL).Using these approaches,we explain how surfaces can be designed to have smart functionality whilst retaining the mobility of contact lines and ***,we show how droplets can evaporate at constant contact angle,be positioned using a Cheerios effect,transported by boundary reconfiguration in an energy invariant manner,and drive the rotation of solid components in a Leidenfrost heat *** conceptual framework enables the rationale design of surfaces which are slippery to liquids and is relevant to a diverse range of applications.

关键词： superhydrophobicity SLIPS liquid marbles leidenfrost SOCAL

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Biceps femoris long head sarcomere and fascicle length adaptations after 3 weeks of eccentric exercise training

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 43-49页

作者： Patricio A.Pincheira Melissa A.Boswell Martino v.Franchi Scott L.Delp glen.a.Lichtwark School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PadovaPadova 35122Italy

Background:Eccentric exercise increases muscle fascicle lengths;however,the mechanisms behind this adaptation are still *** study aimed to determine whether biceps femoris long head(BFlh)fascicle length increases in response to 3 weeks of eccentric exercise training are the result of an in-series addition of sarcomeres within the muscle ***:Ten recreationally active participants(age=27±3 years;mass=70±14 kg;height=174±9 cm;mean±SD)completed 3 weeks of Nordic hamstring exercise(NHE)training on a custom exercise device that was instrumented with load *** collected in vivo sarcomere and muscle fascicle images of the BFlh in 2 regions(central and distal)by using microendoscopy and 3 dimension *** then estimated sarcomere length,sarcomere number,and fascicle length before and after the training ***:Eccentric knee flexion strength increased after the training(15%;pving regional increases in fascicle and sarcomere length remains unknown,but we speculate that it may be driven by regional changes in the pas sive tension of muscle or connective tis sue adaptations.

关键词： Hamstrings Nordic hamstring exercise Sarcomerogenesis

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Rapid and robust slope failure appraisal using aerial photogrammetry and 3D slope stability models

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第5期30卷 651-658页

作者： Neil Bar Michael Kostadinovski Michael Tucker glen Byng Rully Rachmatullah Arturo Maldonado Markus Pötsch Andreas Gaich Alison McQuillan Thamer Yacoub BHP PerthWA 6000Australia 3GSM GmbH 8010 GrazStyriaAustria Rocscience Inc. Toronto M5T 1V1Canada

Slope failures are an inevitable aspect of economic pit slope designs in the mining *** open pit guidelines and industry standards accept up to 30%of benches in open pits to collapse provided that they are controlled and that no personnel are at *** ground control measures including real time monitoring systems at TARP(trigger-action-response-plan)protocols are widely utilized to prevent personnel from being exposed to slope failure *** and computing capability are rapidly *** photogrammetry techniques using UAv(unmanned aerial vehicle)enable geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists to work faster and more safely by removing themselves from potential line-of-fire near unstable *** stability modelling software using limit equilibrium(LE)and finite element(FE)methods in three dimensions(3D)is also becoming more accessible,user-friendly and faster to *** key components enable geotechnical engineers to undertake site investigations,develop geotechnical models and assess slope stability faster and in more detail with less exposure to fall of ground hazards in the *** paper describes the rapid and robust process utilized at BHP Limited for appraising a slope failure at an iron ore mine site in the Pilbara region of Western Australia using a combination of UAv photogrammetry and 3D slope stability models in less than a shift(*** than 12 h).

关键词： Slope stability 3D limit equilibrium analysis Aerial imagery Photogrammetry Open pit mining

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Two decades of variable retention in British Columbia: a review of its implementation and effectiveness for biodiversity conservation

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 402-423页

作者： William J.Beese John Deal B.glen Dunsworth Stephen J.Mitchell Timothy J.Philpott vancouver Island University 900 Fifth StreetNanaimoBC V9R 5S5Canada Western Forest Products 118–1334 Island Hwy.Campbell RiverBC V9W 8C9Canada glen Dunsworth Ecological Consulting 7857 Shangri-La Rd.LantzvilleBC V0R 2H0Canada University of British Columbia 2424 Main MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada BC Min.of Forests Lands and Nat.Res.Oper400–640 Borland St.Williams LakeBC V2G 4T1Canada

Stand-level retention is an important component of sustainable forest management which aims to balance ecological,social and economic ***-term retention of mature forest structures at the time of harvesting(variable retention)is intended to produce future forest stands that more closely resemble conditions that develop after natural disturbances,thereby maintaining greater diversity of habitats for a variety of *** includes features such as live and dead trees representing multiple canopy layers,undisturbed understory vegetation and coarse woody *** the past two decades,variable retention has become common on forest lands in the temperate rainforests of coastal British Columbia(BC)and has been applied to a lesser extent in inland forest *** review of studies in BC and in similar forest types in our region indicates that both aggregated and dispersed retention can contribute to biodiversity conservation by providing short-term‘life-boating’habitat for some species and by enhancing the structural characteristics of future *** example,greater abundance of species present in the pre-harvest forest have been documented for vegetation,birds,carabid beetles,gastropods,ectomycorrhizal fungi and soil fauna in retention cutblocks compared to *** are,however,some negative consequences for timber production such as wind damage to retained trees and reduced growth rates of tree regeneration compared to *** authors suggest an adaptive management approach for balancing competing objectives when faced with *** includes monitoring the implementation and effectiveness of various strategies for achieving *** two decades of experience applying variable retention harvesting to industrial-scale management of forest lands in BC suggests that it is possible to balance production of wood with biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Alternative silvicultural systems Clearcutting Biological legacies Forest biodiversity Old-growth variable retention British Columbia

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High day and night temperatures impact on cotton yield and quality——current status and future research direction

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棉花研究(英文) 2023年第3期6卷 209-225页

作者： SAINI Dinesh K. IMPA S.M. MCCALLISTER Donna PATIL Gunvant B. ABIDI Noureddine RITCHIE glen JACONIS S.Y. JAGADISH Krishna S.v. Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79410USA Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79410USA Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79410USA Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79410USA Cotton Incorporated CaryNC 27513USA

Heat waves,and an increased number of warm days and nights,have become more prevalent in major agricultural regions of the *** well adapted to semi-arid regions,cotton is vulnerable to high temperatures,particularly during flowering and boll *** maintain lint yield potential without compromising its quality under high-temperature stress,it is essential to understand the effects of heat stress on various stages of plant growth and development,and associated tolerance *** ongoing efforts to gather data on the effects of heat stress on cotton growth and development,there remains a critical gap in understanding the distinct influence of high temperatures during the day and night on cotton yield and ***,identifying mechanisms and target traits that induce greater high day and night temperature tolerance is essential for breeding climate-resilient cotton for future uncertain *** bridge these knowledge gaps,we embarked on a rigorous and comprehensive review of published literature,delving into the impact of heat stress on cotton yields and the consequential losses in fiber *** review encompasses information on the effects of heat stress on growth,physiological,and biochemical responses,fertilization,cotton yield,and ***,we discuss management options for minimizing heat stress-induced damage,and the benefits of integrating conventional and genomics-assisted breeding for developing heat-tolerant cotton ***,future research areas that need to be addressed to develop heat-resilient cotton are proposed.

关键词： Controlled environment Cotton Fiber yield and quality Heat stress Heat tents Reproductive failure

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Health, lifestyle and health care utilization among health professionals

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Health 2010年第6期2卷 557-565页

作者： Paul A. Bourne Lilleth v. glen Hazel Laws Maureen D. Kerr-Campbell 不详

Health care workers are responsible for the execution of the health policy of a nation, yet little if any empirical evidence is there on health, lifestyle, health choices, and health conditions of health care workers in the rural parish of Hanover, Jamaica. The current study examines health, lifestyle and health behaviour among health professional in Hanover. The current study has a sample of 212 respondents. A 26- item questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data from the questionnaires were coded and entered into a micro-computer and analysis done using SPSS for Widows version 15.0 soft- ware. The Chi-square test was used to test association between non-metric variables. A p-value &lt;0.05 (two-tailed) was selected to indicate statistical significance. It was found that 16.0% of respondents had diabetes mellitus (2.8% of males compared to 19.8% females);22.6% had hypertension (25.5% of female and 12.8% of males);0.5% breast cancer;0.5% stomach cancer;1.9% enlarged heart;and 0.5% ischemic heart disease. Forty-three percentage points of the sample was overweight, 33.5% obese and 24.1% had a normal weight. Over 15% of nurses and doctors were obese compared to 38% of ancillary staffers. Twenty percentage points of respondents consume alcohol on a regular basis;15.6% do no regular physical exercise, 42.4% add sweetening to their hot beverages, and 4.7% were smokers. There is a need for public health practitioners to formulate a health intervention programme that will target people in Hanover, but also specific groups such as doctors, nurses, administrative, ancillary staffers and technical staffers.

关键词： Health Care Workers Health Lifestyle Health Choices Health Behaviour Hanover Jamaica

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Day to Day Consistency and Inter-subject variability of Neuromuscular Responses and Performance Fatigability as the Result of Maximal,Bilateral,Dynamic Leg Extensions

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 195-204页

作者： Joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh John Paul v.Anders Cory M.Smith Ethan C.Hill Richard J.Schmidt glen O.Johnson Exercise Physiology Laboratory University of Nebraska-Lincoln1740 Vine StreetLincolnNE 68508USA Department of Kinesiology Human and Environmental Physiology LaboratoryUniversity of Texas At El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy Division of KinesiologyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to examine the day-to-day consistency and inter-subject variability of com-posite and individual,neuromuscular and torque patterns of responses as a result of a fatiguing bout of maximal,bilateral,isokinetic leg extension muscle *** Ten men (Mean ± SD =21.6 ± 2.5 years) completed two testing visits consisting of pretest and posttest maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MvIC) as well as 25 maximal,bilateral,isokinetic (180°/s),leg extension muscle *** (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals were collected from the vastus lateralis and normalized to the *** fatigability was defined as the percent decline in torque between the average of repetitions 1,2,and 3 and repetitions 23,24,and *** regression was used to examine the individual and composite relation-ships between EMG amplitude (AMP),EMG mean power frequency (MPF),MMG AMP,MMG MPF,and torque versus *** There was no significant difference (d =0.80;P =0.17) in the performance fatigability between Day 1 (19.3% ± 7.1%)and Day 2 (26.9% ± 11.3%).Polynomial regression indicated substantial inter-subject variability,but high day-to-day *** The composite EMG AMP,MMG AMP,and MMG MPF patterns of responses demonstrated consistency across *** composite EMG MPF patterns of responses,however,were not consistent between Day 1 and Day *** addition,based on the high inter-subject variability,future studies should present both composite patterns of neuromuscular responses and the patterns of responses on a subject-by-subject basis to make inferences regarding fatigue-induced changes in motor unit activation strategies.

关键词： Performance fatigability Electromyography Mechanomyography Bilateral Dynamic

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Coactivation Does Not Contribute to Fatigue-Induced Decreases in Isokinetic Forearm Flexion and Extension Torque

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第4期5卷 314-321页

作者： Tyler J.Neltner John Paul v.Anders Robert W.Smith Jocelyn E.Arnett Joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh Richard J.Schmidt glen O.Johnson Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68510USA Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology(iLEAP) Department of HealthKinesiology and SportUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAL 36688USA

Purpose The present study examined the effects of a reciprocal,slow velocity forearm flexion and extension task on fatigue-induced changes in isokinetic torque,agonist and antagonist muscle activation,and coactivation ratios at slow and moderate *** Nine women(mean±SD:age=21.0±1.7 years;body mass=68.1±8.2 kg;height=167.4±7.2 cm)completed pre-testing for forearm flexion and extension isokinetic peak torque at 60 and 180°/s,a fatiguing task of 50 maximal,recip-rocal,isokinetic muscle actions at 60°/s,and *** amplitude(AMP)of the electromyographic(EMG)signals from the biceps and triceps were simultaneously *** and EMG AMP were normalized to the corresponding values from the pre-testing peak torque *** measures ANOvAs and pairwise comparisons were used to identify mean changes in torque,EMG AMP,and coactivation *** The torque analyses indicated significant decreases from pre-to post-testing for forearm flexion(14.1%±5.0%;Pvements(24.7%±11.7%;Pvation ratios,there were no changes(P>0.05)from pre-to post-testing for either velocity or *** The torque responses were velocity-specific,with greater fatigability exhibited for forearm extension versus flexion at 60°/s,but no differences at 180°/*** parallel EMG AMP responses between the agonist and antagonist muscles for both velocities supported the lack of fatigue-induced changes in coactivation ***,our results demonstrated that fatigue-induced decreases in torque were not attributable to increases in antagonist activation or coactivation.

关键词： Coactivation Isokinetic Fatigue Forearm flexion Extension

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Utilizing Soybean Milk to Culture Soybean Pathogens

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第2期4卷 126-132页

作者： Yiwen Xiang Theresa Herman glen L. Hartman Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA USDA Agricultural Research Service and Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

Liquid and semi-solid culture media are used to maintain and proliferate bacteria, fungi, and Oomycetes for research in microbiology and plant pathology. In this study, a comparison was made between soybean milk medium, also referred to as soymilk, and media traditionally used for culturing soybean pathogens to determine if soymilk medium was an effective medium for growth of Colletotrichum truncatum, Fusarium virguliforme, Macrophomina phaseolina, Passalora sojina, Phomopsis longicolla, Phytophthora sojae, Pythium irregulare, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Based on radial mycelial colony growth rates, C. sojina grew significantly (P v-8 agar, and C. truncatum and F. virguliforme grew significantly (P ve processed culture media.

关键词： Soybean Pathogens Culture Media Glycine max

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