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Assessment of challenges and strategies for driving energy transitions in emerging markets:A socio-technological systems perspective

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 81-100页

作者： Nelson S.Chipangamate glen T.Nwaila Wits Mining Institute University of the Witwatersrand1 Jan Smuts Ave.Johannesburg2000South Africa School of Geosciences University of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag 3Wits2050South Africa

The pursuit of improved quality of life standards has significantly influenced the contemporary mining model in the 21st *** era is witnessing an unprecedented transformation driven by pressing concerns related to sustainability,climate change,the just energy transition,dynamic operating environments,and complex social *** transitions present both opportunities and *** aim of this study is to provide an extensive literature review on energy transition to identify the challenges and strategies associated with navigating transformations in energy *** these transformations is particularly critical in the face of the severe consequences of global warming,where an accelerated energy transition is viewed as a universal *** a socio-technological systems perspective,specifically through the application of Actor Network Theory(ANT),this research provides a theoretical foundation while categorising challenges into five distinct domains and outlining strategies across these different *** insights are specifically tailored for emerging market countries to effectively navigate energy transition while fostering the development of resilient ***,our findings highlight that energy transition encompasses more than a mere technological shift;it entails fundamental changes in various systemic socio-economic *** focusing on the role of social structures in transitions,this study makes a significant and innovative contribution to ANT,which has historically been criticised for its limited acknowledgement of social ***,we propose an emerging market energy transition framework,which not only addresses technological aspects,but also integrates social *** framework paves the way for future research and exploration of energy transition *** outcomes of this study offer valuable insights to policymakers,researchers,and practitioners engaged in t

关键词： Actor network theory Energy transition Social innovation Technology Actor inclusive policy

Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis Paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

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1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Polycyclic Aromatic Azomethine Ylides and Alkynylbenziodoxoles for Synthesis of Functional Dibenzoullazines

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第10期42卷 1079-1083页

作者： Hui Han glen Wee Zhuan Goh Yongxin Li Naohiko Yoshikai Shingo Ito Schoolof Chemistry ChemicalEngineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technoogical University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore 637371Singapore Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan

A new family of dibenzoullazine derivatives was synthesized through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides with alkynylbenziodoxoles followed by *** benziodoxole moiety in the resulting products was used as a versatile linchpin for the synthesis of structurally diverse functional dibenzoullazines that are difficult to access by other synthetic methods.

关键词： Cycloaddition Nitrogen heterocycles Azomethine ylides Hypervalent compounds Dibenzoullazine

Digital Twins for Wastewater Treatment:A Technical Review

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 21-35页

作者： Ai-Jie Wang Hewen Li Zhejun He Yu Tao Hongcheng Wang Min Yang Dragan Savic glen TDaigger Nanqi Ren School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA BIOMATH Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical ModellingGhent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium KWR Water Research Institute Nieuwegein 3430 BBNetherlands Centre for Water Systems University of ExeterExeter EX44QFUK Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

The digital twins concept enhances modeling and simulation through the integration of real-time data and *** review elucidates the foundational elements of digital twins,covering their concept,entities,domains,and key *** specifically,we investigate the transformative potential of digital twins for the wastewater treatment engineering *** discussion highlights the application of digital twins to wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)and sewage networks,hardware(i.e.,facilities and pipes,sensors for water quality and activated sludge,hydrodynamics,and power consumption),and software(i.e.,knowledge-based and data-driven models,mechanistic models,hybrid twins,control methods,and the Internet of Things).Furthermore,two cases are provided,followed by an assessment of current challenges in and perspectives on the application of digital twins in *** review serves as an essential primer for wastewater engineers navigating the digital paradigm shift.

关键词： Digital twins Urban water systems Wastewater treatment

Etching-free pixel definition in InGaN green micro-LEDs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1655-1665页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Yi Lu Haicheng Cao glen Isaac Maciel Garcia Tingang Liu Xiao Tang Na Xiao Raul Aguileta Vazquez Mingtao Nong Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 V voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors

关键词： annealing protective quantum

A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitrofanis Jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

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基于蓝-绿-灰解决方案构建水韧性城市（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第5期 1-2页

作者：任南琪 glen Daigger School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan

Cities are dynamic systems, and the urban water systems within them can be evolved to provide water services to both humans and the environment while also enhancing the broader urban environment. This is done by embracing innovation and technological advancement while focusing on increased service to the human population and the local and broader *** the contemporary era, characterized by the rise of low-carbon and intelligent technologies, the swift pace of socioeconomic expansion highlights the critical need to address issues of urban water security and environmental preservation. Amid escalating resource and environmental constraints, adopting holistic blue–green–grey strategies becomes imperative for the sustainable governance of urban water resources. An integrated approach is needed to navigate the intricate challenges of urban water dynamics while fostering enhanced ecological performance and resilience.

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进一步改善城市网-厂-水体系统升级改造和运行效率的四点看法

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给水排水 2024年

作者：曹业始 Helmut Kroiss Markvan Loosdrecht glen T.Daigger 中持新概念环境发展宜兴有限公司代尔夫特理工大学生物技术系维也纳工业大学水质和资源管理研究所密歇根大学土木和环境工程系

自2019年住建部等部委发布“城镇污水处理提质增效三年行动方案”以来，城市污水管网和污水处理厂在质量和运行效率方面都取得了显著的改善。去年住建部等部委进一步提出“深入打好城市黑臭水体治理攻坚战实施方案”，要求在以前工作... 详细信息

自2019年住建部等部委发布“城镇污水处理提质增效三年行动方案”以来，城市污水管网和污水处理厂在质量和运行效率方面都取得了显著的改善。去年住建部等部委进一步提出“深入打好城市黑臭水体治理攻坚战实施方案”，要求在以前工作的基础上，努力解决河流“雨后黑臭”和雨季河流断面水质下降问题，力争到2025年，进水BOD 浓度高于100毫克/升的城市生活污水处理厂规模占比达90%以上，城市生活污水集中收集率达到70%以上。水业界面临着防止雨后河流返黑和改善雨季河流水质等新任务。因此，结合近年来成绩?实践和欧美的经验教训，提出和讨论了与进一步改善网-厂-水体城市污水系统升级改造及运行效率相关的四个问题: 分流制管网有没有外(雨)水入侵和溢流? 污水厂的进水浓度应多高? 为什么部分污水厂需局部扩容?为什么污水管道中流速低于“自净流速”? 并在此基础上，对相关工作提出了建议。

关键词：城市污水系统污水管网外水入侵雨水溢流污水浓度污水厂扩容水环境容量

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污水处理工程中的数字孪生技术（英文）

Engineering 2024年第5期 21-35页

作者：王爱杰李贺文贺哲君陶彧王鸿程杨敏 Dragan Savic glen T.Daigger 任南琪 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell University BIOMATH Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling Ghent University KWR Water Research Institute Centre for Water Systems University of Exeter Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan

The digital twins concept enhances modeling and simulation through the integration of real-time data and feedback. This review elucidates the foundational elements of digital twins, covering their concept,entities, domains, and key technologies. More specifically, we investigate the transformative potential of digital twins for the wastewater treatment engineering sector. Our discussion highlights the application of digital twins to wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) and sewage networks, hardware(i.e., facilities and pipes, sensors for water quality and activated sludge, hydrodynamics, and power consumption), and software(i.e., knowledge-based and data-driven models, mechanistic models, hybrid twins, control methods, and the Internet of Things). Furthermore, two cases are provided, followed by an assessment of current challenges in and perspectives on the application of digital twins in WWTPs. This review serves as an essential primer for wastewater engineers navigating the digital paradigm shift.

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