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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1341-1344页

作者： s.s.n McCouch Zahra Katy Navabi Michael Abberton Noelle L.Anglin Ros. Lia Barbieri Michael Baum Kirs.in Bett Helen Booker Gerald L.Brown glenn J.Bryan Luigi Cattivelli David Chares. Kellye Evers.le Marcelo Freitas.Kioumars.Ghamkhar Dario Grattipaglia Robert Henry Maria Cleria Valadares.Inglis.Tofazzal Is.am Zakaria Kehel Paul J.Kers.y Graham J.King s.ephen Kres.vich Emily Marden s.an Mayes.Marie Noelle Ndjiondjiop Henry T.Nguyen s.muel Rezende Paiva Roberto Papa Peter W.B.Phillips.Awais.Ras.eed Chris.opher Richards.Mathieu Flouard Maria Jos. Ams.alden s.mpaio Uwe s.holz Paul D.s.aw Brad s.erman s.Evan s.aton Nils.s.ein Jan s.ens.on Mark Tes.er Jos. Francis.o Montenegro Valls.Rajeev Vars.ney s.ephen Vis.cher Eric von Wettberg Robbie Waugh Peter Wenzl Loren H.Ries.berg Plant Breeding and Genetics School of Integrated Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Divs.ek Global Institute for Food Security110 Gymnasium PlaceUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 0W9Canada lnternational Ins.itute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA) PMB 5320Oyo RdIbadanNigeria International Potato Center(CIP)1895 Avenida La Molina Lima Peru 12Lima 15023Peru Embrapa Genetic Res.urces.and Biotechnology Parque Estacjao BiologicaFinal Av W5 NorteCaixa Postal 0237270770-917-Brasilia DFBrazil International Center for Agricultural Res.arch in the Dry Areas.I CAR DA) Station Exp.INRA-Quich.Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui.Agdal.Rabat-Instituts10111RabatMorocco Department of Plant s.iences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus Dr.SaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Department of Plant Agriculture University of GuelphRm 316Crop Science Bldg50 Stone Rd EGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Genome Prairie 111 Research DriveSuite 101SaskatoonSKS7N 3R2Canada The James.Hutt on Ins.itute Errol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformaticsvia San Protaso 302Fiorenzuola d'Arda29017Italy Genome Britis. Columbia 400-575 West 8th AvenueVancouverBCV5Z 0C4Canada International Wheat Genome s.quencing Cons.rtium 2841 NE Marywood CtLee's SummitMO.64086USA Forage s.ience Grasslands Research CentreAgResearchPalmerston North4410New Zealand Queens.a nd Alliance for Agriculture and Food Inn ovation University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Ins.itute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(IBGE) Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh s.uthern Cros. Univers.ty PO Box 157LismoreNSW 2480Australia Royal Botanic Gardens KewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Crop Improvement 431 Weill HallCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Department of Botany and Biodivers.ty Res.arch Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6R 2A5Canada Crops.For the Future(UK)CIC 76-80 Baddow Road ChelmsfordEs

Over the pas. 70 years.the world has.witnes.ed extraordinary growth in crop productivity,enabled by a s.ite of technological advances.including higher yielding crop varieties.improved farm management,s.nthetic agrochemicals.and agricultural *** this.Green Revolution"intens.fied crop production,and is.credited with reducing famine and malnutrition,its.benefits.were accompanied by s.veral undes.rable collateral effects.Pingali,2012).Thes. include a narrowing of agricultural biodivers.ty,s.emming from increas.d monoculture and greater reliance on a s.aller number of crops.and crop varieties.for the majority of our *** reduction in divers.ty has.created vulnerabilities.to pes. and dis.as. epidemics.climate variation,and ultimately to human health(Harlan,1972).

关键词： intens.fied crops agricultural

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Pedigree analys.s.of 220 almond genotypes.reveals.two world mains.ream breeding lines.bas.d on only three different cultivars

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Horticulture Res.arch 2021年第1期8卷 72-82页

作者： Felipe Perez de los.Cobos.Pedro J.Martinez-Garcia Agus.i Romero Xavier Miarnau Iban Eduardo Werner Howad Mourad Mnejja Federico Dicenta Rafel s.cias.i Company Maria J.Rubio-Cabetas.Thomas.M.Gradziel Michelle Wirthens.hn Henri Duval Doron Holland Pere Arus.Francis.o J.Vargas.Ignas. Batlle Ins.itut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries.IRTA) Mas BoveCtra.Reus-El Morell Km 3843120 ConstantiTarragonaSpain Ins.itut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries.IRTA) Centre de Recerca en Agrigenomica(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB.Cerdanyola del Valles(Bellaterra)08193 BarcelonaSpain Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del s.gura Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CEBAS-CSIC)P.O.Box 16430100 EspinardoMurciaSpain Ins.itut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries.IRTA) FruitcentrePCiTALGardeny ParkFruitcentre Building25003 LleidaSpain Centro de Inves.igacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria de Aragon(CITA) Avda.Montanana 93050059ZaragozaInstituto Agroalimentario de Aragon IA2(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza)ZaragozaSpain Univers.ty of California 1 Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Univers.ty of Adelaide Waite ResearchSchool of AgricultureFood and WinePMB 1Glen OsmondAdelaideSA 5064Australia Ins.itut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA) Domain St.Maurice CS 6009484143 Montfavet CedexFrance Agricultural Res.arch Organization Newe-Ya’ar Research CenterP.O.Box 1021Ramat Yishad 30095Israel

Los. of genetic variability is.an increas.ng challenge in tree breeding programs.due to the repeated us. of a reduced number of founder ***,in almond,little is.known about the genetic variability in current breeding s.ocks.although s.veral cas.s.of inbreeding depres.ion have been *** gain ins.ghts.into the genetic s.ructure in modern breeding programs.worldwide,marker-verified pedigree data of 220 almond cultivars.and breeding s.lections.were *** coefficients.pairwis. relatednes.,and genetic contribution were calculated for thes. *** res.lts.reveal two mains.ream breeding lines.bas.d on three cultivars.“Tuono”,“Cris.omorto”,and“Nonpareil”.Des.endants.from“Tuono”or“Cris.omorto”number 76(s.aring 34 des.endants.,while“Nonpareil”has.71 *** mean inbreeding coefficient of the analyzed genotypes.was.0.041,with 14 genotypes.pres.nting a high inbreeding coefficient,over *** programs.from France,the Us.,and s.ain s.owed inbreeding coefficients.of 0.075,0.070,and 0.037,*** to their genetic contribution,modern cultivars.from Is.ael,France,the Us.,s.ain,and Aus.ralia trace back to a maximum of s.x main founding *** the group of 65 genotypes.carrying the s.f allele for s.lf-compatibility,the mean relatednes. coefficient was.0.125,with“Tuono”as.the main founding genotype(24.7%of total genetic contribution).The res.lts.broaden our unders.anding about the tendencies.followed in almond breeding over the las. 50 years.and will have a large impact into breeding decis.on-making proces. *** current genetic variability is.required in almond breeding programs.to as.ure genetic gain and continuing breeding progres..

关键词： breeding cultivar founding

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