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Reproductive biology of harvestmen(Arachnida:Opiliones):a review of a rapidly evolving research field

Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 115-135页

作者： glauco machado Mercedes Burns LAGE do Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Biological Sciences University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA

Harvestmen are a major arachnid order that has experienced a dramatic increase in biological knowledge in the 21st *** publication of the book Harvestmen:The Biology of Opiliones in 2007 stimulated the development of many behavioral *** the book is relatively recent,our understanding of the reproductive biology of harvestmen is already outdated due to the fast accumulation of new *** goal is to provide an updated review of the subject to serve as a benchmark for the following *** the pre-copulatory phase,we explore the evolu-tion of facultative parthenogenesis,the factors that may affect the types of mating system,and the role of nuptial gifts in *** the copulatory phase,harvestmen are unique arachnids because they have aflagellate spermatozoa and a penis with complex *** discuss the implications of these two features for sperm competition and cryptic female *** the post-copulatory phase,we connect ovi-position site selection and climate conditions to the widespread occurrence of resource defense polygyny,alternative reproductive tactics,and sexual dimorphism in several clades of tropical ***,we present the different forms of parental care in the order,and discuss the benefits and costs of this behavior,which can be performed either by females or *** the review,we indicate gaps in our knowl-edge and subjects that deserve further ***,the information synthesized here will stimulate researchers worldwide to embrace harvestmen as a study system and to improve our effort to unravel the mysteries of their reproductive biology.

关键词： alternative reproductive tactics nuptial gifts parental care parthenogenesis resource defense polygyny sexual dimorphism.

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Short-and long-term effects of an extreme case of autotomy:does“tail”loss and subsequent constipation decrease the locomotor performance of male and female scorpions?

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 672-688页

作者： Solimary GARCÍA-HERNÁNDEZ glauco machado Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil LAGE do Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil

In many taxa,individuals voluntarily detach a body part as a form to increase their chances of escaping *** defense mechanism,known as autotomy,has several consequences,such as changes in locomotor performance that may affectﬁ*** of the genus Ananteris autotomize the“tail”,which in fact corresponds to the last abdominal *** autotomy,individuals lose nearly 25%of their body mass and the last portion of the digestive tract,including the anus,which prevents defecation and leads to constipation,because regeneration does not ***,we experimentally investigated the short-and long-term effects of tail loss on the locomotor performance of Ananteris *** a short-term experiment,the maximum running speed(MRS)of males and females did not change after ***,the relative mass of the lost tail did not affect the change in MRS after *** a long-term experiment,autotomy had a negative effect on the MRS of males,but not of *** over-fed individuals suffered from severe constipation but were not slower than autotomized normally fed *** conclusion,tail loss has no immediate effect on the locomotor performance of *** long-term decrease in the locomotor performance of autotomized males may impair mate ***,because death by constipation takes several months,males have a long time toﬁnd mates and ***,the prolonged period between autotomy and death by constipation is crucial for understanding the evolution of one of the most extreme cases of autotomy in nature.

关键词： ﬁtness costs maximum running speed sex differences tail loss weight loss

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Changes in calcium accumulation and utilization efficiency and their impact on recycling,immobilization,and export across the oil palm cycle

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 143-150页

作者： Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas Luma Castro de Souza Eric Victor de Oliveira Ferreira Milton Garcia Costa glauco André dos Santos Nogueira Vitor Resende do Nascimento Candido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto Capanema Campus Federal Rural University of the Amazon(UFRA)Av.Barao de CapanemaCaixa D'agua5514-6434ParaBrazil Center of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Federal University of Maranhao(UFMA)ChapadinhaBR-222km 04SNBoa Vista65500000MaranhaoBrazilc Capitao Poço Campus Federal Rural University of the Amazon(UFRA)Tv.Pau AmareloS/n-Vila Nova68650-000Capitao PoçoParaBrazil Department of Soil Science Sao Paulo State University(Unesp)School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesJaboticabalVia de Acesso Prof.Paulo Donato CastelaneCastellane-S/N-Vila Industrial14884-900Sao PauloBrazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences(ICA) Federal Rural University of the Amazon(UFRA)Estr.Principal da Ufra2150Curio-Utinga66077-580BelemParaBrazil

Effective calcium(Ca)management is crucial for optimizing oil palm cultivation and enhancing crop *** study aimed to gain insights into the dynamics of Ca concentration,accumulation,exportation,immobilization,and recycling in various oil palm organs relative to plant *** experiment was conducted at the Agropalma enterprise site in the northeastern region of Para State,Brazil,evaluating seven plant age treatments:2,3,4,5,6,7,and 8 years *** a completely randomized design with four *** results demonstrated an age-related increase in Ca concentration in petioles,rachis,arrows,male inflorescences,peduncles,and ***,Ca accumulation exhibited an upward trend in all organs with progressing plant ***,the study revealed an enhanced Ca use efficiency across all plant organs in correlation with the age of oil palm *** findings underscore the dynamic nutritional demands of oil palm,influencing Ca immobilization,cycling,and export throughout its developmental stages.

关键词： Elaeis guineensis Jacq Ca cycling Ca export Ca immobilization Ca use efficiency Plant nutrition Amazon

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Burrow morphology of Uca uruguayensis and Uca leptodactylus(Decapoda:Ocypodidae)from a subtropical mangrove forest in the western Atlantic

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 307-314页

作者： glauco B.O.machado João B.L.GUSMÃO-JUNIOR Tânia M.COSTA Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista UNESPSão VicenteSão PauloBrazil

The continuous excavation of burrows by fiddler crabs generates bioturbation in the sediment,which can be estimated from burrow *** aim of the present study was to describe the burrow morphology of Uca uruguayensis and *** and its relationship with demography of resident individuals and to estimate the level of bioturbation in the sediment generated by each *** all individuals from each of the 2 species,sex was determined and the carapace width(CW;mm)*** were characterized according to burrow diameter(BD;mm),maximum burrow depth(MBD;mm)and burrow volume(BV;cm^(3)).The density of each species in the study area was also *** both species,the males were larger and occupied burrows with higher BV compared to *** between sexes in relation to the burrow characteristics might reflect sexual dimorphism within the group and are probably related to the fact that males use the burrows for *** and BV showed significant positive relationships with the size of resident *** amount of sediment removed per burrow was estimated from mean BV:10.78 cm^(3)of sediment/burrow for *** and 12.38 cm^(3)of sediment/burrow for *** the density and depth differences between the 2 species,the similarity in burrow volume suggests that *** and *** present the same importance in terms of the bioturbation *** morphology is highly associated with characteristics of the occupant,although extrinsic factors should also be considered,and its description can provide estimates on the bioturbation generated by Uca species in mangrove forests.

关键词： bioturbation burrow structure crab burrowing fiddler crab

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Sarcopenia and Anemia Are Predictors of Poor Prognostic in Cervical Cancer Patients

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 693-704页

作者： Leandro Santos de Araujo Resende Francine Vilela de Amorim Miguel Soares Conceição Rodrigo Menezes Jales Patrick Nunes Pereira Luis Otávio Sarian glauco Baiocchi Sophie Derchain Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Botucatu Medical School S&#227o Paulo State University UNESP S&#227o Paulo Brazil Department of Health Sciences University of Sao Francisco S&#227o Paulo Brazil Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medical Science State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil Department of Gynecologic Oncology AC Camargo Cancer Center Sao Paulo Brazil Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics School of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

Objective: Evaluate pretreatment sarcopenia and anemia as prognostic factors in women undergoing treatment for cervical cancer (CC) with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: 151 women with CC were analysed in this cohort study. Pretreatment computed tomography (CT) images were analysed to assess skeletal muscle index (SMI). Hazard ratios (HR) and multivariate Cox proportional HR were used to analyse association between low SMI, age, body mass index (BMI), haemoglobin levels, histological type, and International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage with PFS and OS. Results: A total of 151 patients were included, 53 (35.1%) presented pretreatment sarcopenia;51 (34%) stage I/II and 100 (66%) stage III/IV. Among those patients in advanced stage (III/IV) 37 (70%) (p = 0.28) were sarcopenic at the beginning of treatment. Sarcopenia was associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in our cohort [HR 0.97 (p = 0.01)] [HR 0.73 (p = 0.001)], as well as anemia [HR 0.73 (p = 0.001)] [HR 0.78 (p = 0.001)]. Linear regression models indicated that despite showing no association with age, neutrophil or platelet counts, sarcopenia was associated with pretreatment anemia levels (p = 0.01). After a multivariate analysis, only haemoglobin (anemia) and complete CCRT remained associated with PFS and OS. Sarcopenia and anemia were associated with worse PFS and OS in FIGO stage I/II. Conclusion: Pretreatment sarcopenia was significantly associated with low haemoglobin levels. Anemia and incomplete CCRT were independently associated with poor prognosis in women with CC. Pretreatment sarcopenia, as low SMI, was a predictor of poor prognostic in early stages of CC.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Sarcopenia Anemia Chemoradiotherapy

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Numerical solutions for point masses sliding over analytical surfaces: Part 1

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2019年第2期9卷 84-95页

作者： glauco Gallotti Stefano Tinti Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Bologna

In this study, we introduce a system of differential equations describing the motion of a single point mass or of two interacting point masses on a surface, that is solved by a fourth-order explicit Runge–Kutta(RK4) scheme. The forces acting on the masses are gravity, the reaction force of the surface, friction, and, in case of two masses, their mutual interaction force. This latter is introduced by imposing that the geometrical distance between the coupled masses is constant. The solution is computed under the assumption that the point masses strictly slide on the surface, without leaping or rolling. To avoid complications stemming from numerical errors related to real topographies that are only known over discrete grids, we restrict our attention to simulations on analytical continuous surfaces. This study sets the basis for a generalization to more complex systems of masses, such as chains or matrices of blocks that are often used to model complex processes such as landslides and rockfalls. The results shown in this paper provide a background for a companion paper in which the system of equations is generalized, and different geometries are presented.

关键词： Point-mass sliding Two point-mass systems Analytical surfaces Numerical methods Runge-Kutta method

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Numerical solutions for point masses sliding over analytical surfaces: Part 2

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2019年第2期9卷 96-105页

作者： Stefano Tinti glauco Gallotti Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Bologna

This paper is the second of two companion papers addressing the dynamics of two coupled masses sliding on analytical surfaces and interacting with one another. The motion occurs under the effect of gravity, the reaction force of the surface and basal friction. The interaction force maintains the masses at a fixed distance and lies on the line connecting them. The equations of motion form a system of ordinary differential equations that are solved through a fourth-order Runge–Kutta numerical scheme. In the first paper we considered an approximate method holding when the line joining the masses is almost tangent to the surface at the instant mass positions. In this second paper we provide a general solution. Firstly, we present special cases in which the system has exact solutions. Second, we consider a series of numerical examples where the interest is focused on the trajectories of the masses and on the intensity and changes of the interaction force.

关键词： Two-point system Rigid-body motion Sliding downslopes

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Phasor-domain Dynamic Model of Asymmetric Current Injection Controller for Converter-interfaced Generator

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第6期9卷 1269-1278页

作者： Victor A.F.Almeida glauco N.Taranto José M.T.Marinho Electrical Engineering Department of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro(COPPE/UFRJ) Petrobras S.A.

This paper presents a controller model of asymmetric current injection for converter-interfaced generators suitable for root-mean-square(RMS)phasor-domain,fundamentalfrequency,three-phase,and dynamic simulation *** effectiveness of the proposed controller is assessed with simulations in test systems with high percentage of converter-interfaced *** simulations focus on the operation of protection relays that use negative-sequence quantities in their directional *** paper also presents and compares two strategies to limit reactive negative-sequence currents,and active and reactive positive-sequence currents.A tutorial test system and a regional system part of the actual Brazilian Interconnected Power System are used to assess the correctness of the proposed controller in three-phase fundamental-frequency RMS dynamic simulations.

关键词： Converter-interfaced generator three-phase model power system protection negative-sequence current injection negative-sequence current protection unbalanced fault three-phase root-mean-square(RMS)dynamic simulation

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Magnetic bioassembly platforms towards the generation of extracellular vesicles from human salivary gland functional organoids for epithelial repair

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第12期7卷 151-163页

作者： Ajjima Chansaenroj Christabella Adine Sawanya Charoenlappanit Sittiruk Roytrakul Ladawan Sariya Thanaphum Osathanon Sasitorn Rungarunlert Ganokon Urkasemsin Risa Chaisuparat Supansa Yodmuang glauco R.Souza Joao N.Ferreira Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit Faculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Faculty of Dentistry National University of Singapore119077SingaporeSingapore Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNational University of Singapore119077SingaporeSingapore Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group National Center for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNational Science and Technology Development AgencyPathum Thani12120Thailand The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals Faculty of Veterinary ScienceMahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom73170Thailand Department of Anatomy Faculty of DentistryChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Department of Preclinical and Applied Animal Science Faculty of Veterinary ScienceMahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom73170Thailand Research Affairs Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston HoustonTX77030USA Nano3D Biosciences Inc. HoustonTX77030USA Greiner Bio-One North America Inc MonroeNC28110USA

Salivary glands(SG)are exocrine organs with secretory units commonly injured by ***-engineered organoids and extracellular vesicles(EV)are currently under investigation as potential strategies for SG ***,three-dimensional(3D)cultures of SG functional organoids(SGo)and human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSC)were generated by magnetic 3D bioassembly(M3DB)*** growth factor 10(FGF10)was used to enrich the SGo in secretory epithelial *** 11 culture days via M3DB,SGo displayed SG-specific acinar epithelial units with functional properties upon *** consistently develop 3D hDPSC in vitro,3 culture days were sufficient to maintain hDPSC undifferentiated genotype and phenotype for EV *** isolation was performed via sequential centrifugation of the conditioned media of hDPSC and SGo *** were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis,electron microscopy and *** were in the exosome range for hDPSC(diameter:88.03±15.60 nm)and for SGo(123.15±63.06 nm).Upon ex vivo administration,exosomes derived from SGo significantly stimulated epithelial growth(up to 60%),mitosis,epithelial progenitors and neuronal growth in injured SG;however,such biological effects were less distinctive with the ones derived from ***,these exosome biological effects were investigated by proteomic *** spectrometry profiling of SGo exosomes predicted that cellular growth,development and signaling was due to known and undocumented molecular targets downstream of *** were identified as one of the novel targets requiring further ***,M3DB platforms can generate exosomes with potential to ameliorate SG epithelial damage.

关键词： Salivary gland Hyposalivation Human dental pulp stem cells Magnetic bioassembly Organoids Exosome

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Historical Perspective of Synthetic Biology in Food Production

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2022年第10期13卷 443-453页

作者： Adriane Bruchez Laura Possani Angela Rozane Leal de Souza glauco Schultz Department of Agribusiness Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

Due to projections of population increase, which suggest that the world population will reach 8.6 billion people by 2030, as well as the reduction of existing natural resources, studies on food production technologies that minimize the impacts on the environment become relevant. In this context, with the creation of the first living organism controlled by a synthetic genome, since 2010, scientists from several countries study alternatives to produce energetic material and food through synthetic biology. Therefore, the present study sought to identify which the contributions, reflexes, trends and/or challenges of synthetic biology are in food production through a review of the literature. As results, it was noticed that there were significant advances in studies that seek forms of food production with the use of synthetic biology, as well as with technologies that reduce the use of natural resources and the impact of agricultural production on the environment. The topics of food safety, ethics and consumer perception, regarding the use of such technologies, are also emphasized. However, there is much to be studied on the subject, in particular, the need for experimental testing in different crops and processes due to food safety, and feasibility of the industrialization of such technologies.

关键词： Food Security Sustainability Ethics Consumer Perception Bioeconomy

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