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Developmental pathways associated with cancer metastasis:Notch,Wnt,and Hedgehog

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第2期14卷 109-120页

作者： Armel Herve Nwabo Kamdje Paul Takam Kamga Richard Tagne Simo Lorella Vecchio Paul Faustin Seke Etet Jean Marc Muller giulio bassi Erique Lukong Raghuveera Kumar Goel Jeremie Mbo Amvene Mauro Krampera Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Ngaoundere Laboratory University of Verona Department of Basic Health SciencesCollege of Applied Medical SciencesQassim University Faculty of Science University of Poitiers Department of Biochemistry College of MedicineUniversity of Saskatchewan

Master developmental pathways, such as Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog, are signaling systems that control proliferation, cell death,motility, migration, and stemness. These systems are not only commonly activated in many solid tumors, where they drive or contribute to cancer initiation, but also in primary and metastatic tumor development. The reactivation of developmental pathways in cancer stroma favors the development of cancer stem cells and allows their maintenance, indicating these signaling pathways as particularly attractive targets for efficient anticancer therapies, especially in advanced primary tumors and metastatic cancers. Metastasis is the worst feature of cancer development. This feature results from a cascade of events emerging from the hijacking of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion by transforming cells and is associated with poor survival, drug resistance, and tumor relapse. In the present review, we summarize and discuss experimental data suggesting pivotal roles for developmental pathways in cancer development and metastasis, considering the therapeutic potential. Emerging targeted antimetastatic therapies based on Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog pathways are also discussed.

关键词： Hedgehog 肿瘤干细胞 Notch Wnt 移相信号系统细胞增殖信号通路

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Mesenchymal stromal cells' role in tumor microenvironment:involvement of signaling pathways

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第2期14卷 129-141页

Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells residing as pericytes in various tissues and organs where they can differentiate into specialized cells to replace dying cells and damaged tissues. These cells are commonly found at injury sites and in tumors that are known to behave like "wounds that do not heal." In this article, we discuss the mechanisms of MSCs in migrating, homing, and repairing injured tissues. We also review a number of reports showing that tumor microenvironment triggers plasticity mechanisms in MSCs to induce malignant neoplastic tissue formation, maintenance, and chemoresistance, as well as tumor growth. The antitumor properties and therapeutic potential of MSCs are also discussed.

关键词：基质细胞肿瘤组织微环境信号通路骨髓间充质干细胞间质组织损伤 MSCs

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Computed tomography-based radiomic to predict resectability in locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第3期14卷 703-715页

作者： Gabriella Rossi Luisa Altabella Nicola Simoni giulio Benetti Roberto Rossi Martina Venezia Salvatore Paiella Giuseppe Malleo Roberto Salvia Stefania Guariglia Claudio bassi Carlo Cavedon Renzo Mazzarotto Department of Radiation Oncology University of Verona Hospital TrustVerona 37126Italy Department of Medical Physics University of Verona Hospital TrustVerona 37126Italy Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery Pancreas InstituteUniversity of Verona Hospital TrustVerona 37126Italy

BACKGROUND Surgical resection after neoadjuvant treatment is the main driver for improved survival in locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).However,the diagnostic performance of computed tomography(CT)imaging to evaluate the residual tumour burden at restaging after neoadjuvant therapy is low due to the difficulty in distinguishing neoplastic tissue from fibrous scar or inflammation.In this context,radiomics has gained popularity over conventional imaging as a complementary clinical tool capable of providing additional,unprecedented information regarding the intratumor heterogeneity and the residual neoplastic tissue,potentially serving in the therapeutic decision-making process.AIM To assess the capability of radiomic features to predict surgical resection in LAPC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.METHODS Patients with LAPC treated with intensive chemotherapy followed by ablative radiation therapy were retrospectively reviewed.One thousand six hundred and fifty-five radiomic features were extracted from planning CT inside the gross tumour volume.Both extracted features and clinical data contribute to create and validate the predictive model of resectability status.Patients were repeatedly divided into training and validation sets.The discriminating performance of each model,obtained applying a LASSO regression analysis,was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).The validated model was applied to the entire dataset to obtain the most significant features.RESULTS Seventy-one patients were included in the analysis.Median age was 65 years and 57.8%of patients were male.All patients underwent induction chemotherapy followed by ablative radiotherapy,and 19(26.8%)ultimately received surgical resection.After the first step of variable selections,a predictive model of resectability was developed with a median AUC for training and validation sets of 0.862(95%CI:0.792-0.921)and 0.853(95%CI:0.706-0.960),respectively.The validated model was applied to the entire

关键词： Computed tomography Radiomics Predictive model Resectability Locally advanced pancreatic cancer Radiation oncology

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