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Retinoblastoma as an Epigenetic Disease: A Proposal

Journal of Cancer Therapy 2011年第3期2卷 362-371页

作者： Domenico Mastrangelo Cosimo Loré Giovanni grasso 不详

The aim of the present review is to give new insights into the pathogenesis of retinoblastoma, by applying the principles of Epigenetics to the analysis of clinical, epidemiological, and biological data concerning the disease. As an emerging new scientific approach linking the genome to the environment, Epigenetics, as applied to the interpretation of clinical, epidemiological and biological data in retinoblastoma, can not only explain the inconsistencies of the mutational (“two hit”) model, but also open new outstanding scenarios in the fields of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this eye tumour. This review is both a collection of literature data arguing against the role of the mutational (“two hit”) model in the genesis of retinoblastoma, and a documented evaluation of how the Epigenetic, rather than the genetic model fit the variegated phenotypic expression of the disease. The epigenetic model in the genesis of retinoblastoma, proposed herein, emphasizes the role of environment and the interaction of the environment with the genome, in generating reti-noblastoma in young children. Environmental toxicants, including radiations, wrong diets, and infectious diseases, among others, all play a major role in conditioning the degree of DNA methylation in embryos and foetuses during pregnancy, thus leading to stable, functional alterations of the genome, which, on the other hand, can be also transmit-ted from generation to generation, thus mimicking a hereditary disease. An accurate analysis of the currently available literature on both retinoblastoma and Epigenetics, coupled with the knowledge of the variegated phenotypic expression of the disease, can easily lead to the conclusion that retinoblastoma is an epigenetic, rather than a genetic disease.

关键词： Retinoblastoma Epigenetics Genome Imprinting DNA Methylation Histone Acetylation / Deacetylation

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Ground Motion and Site Effects on Performance-Based Design

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2010年第7期4卷 34-41页

作者： Antonio Ferraro Salvatore grasso Michele Maugeri Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Catania Italy

The objective of Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering （PBEE） is the analysis of performance objectives with a specified annual probability of exceedance. Increasingly undesirable performance is caused by increasing levels of strong ground motion having decreasing annual probabilities of exceedance. The development of this methodology includes three steps：（1） evaluation of the distribution of ground motion at a site; （2） evaluation of the distribution of system response; （3） evaluation of the probability of exceeding decision variables within a given time period, given appropriate damage measures. The work has taken a systematic approach to determine the impact of increasing levels of detail in site characterization on the accuracy of ground motion and site effects predictions. Complementary studies have investigated the use of the following models for evaluating site effects：（1） amplification factors defined on the basis of generalized site categories, （2） one-dimensional ground response analysis, and （3） two-dimensional ground response analysis for surface topography on ground motion. The paper provides a brief synthesis of ground motion and site effects analysis procedures within a Performance-Based Design framework. It focuses about the influence on the evaluation of site effects in some active regions by different shear waves velocity measurements Down Hole （D-H）, Cross Hole （C-H）, Seismic Dilatometer Marchetti Test （SDMT） and by different variation of shear modulus and damping ratio with strain level and depth from different laboratory dynamic tests for soil characterization： Resonant Column Test （RCT）, Cyclic Loading Torsional Shear Test （CLTST）.

关键词： Site effects Performance Based Design (PBD) ground motion soil non-linearity seismic response analysis

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Seasonal abundance of Pyrodinium bahamense(order Peridiniales,family Gonyaulacaceae)in Mosquito Bay,Vieques,Puerto Rico

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第4期4卷 277-283页

作者： Sharon grasso Marc Albrecht Mark Martin Bras Department of Biology University of Nebraska at Kearney905 West 25th StreetKearneyNE 68849USA The Vieques Conservation and Historical Trust 138 Flamboyan StreetBO.Esperanza ViequesPR 00765USA

Objective:To determine the presence of consistent spatial or temporal patterns to the abundance of Pyrodinium bahamense(***)in Mosquito Bay,Vieques,Puerto ***:Measurements of dissolved oxygen,pH,salinity,water temperature,tide level,wind speed,and density counts of *** were taken at six sites in the bay over approximately one *** data were analyzed statistically to determine if spatial or temporal patterns were ***:There were statistically significant patterns of *** seasonally,which was similar to other studies done in other subtropical locations with ***,trends were seen that rain events caused short-term increases in abundance and shallow areas of the bay had lower abundance than that of deeper *** average number of organisms from 736 samples was 26.8 per *** average water temperature was 29.0℃,the average salinity was 36.8 ppt,the average pH was 8.11,and the average dissolved oxygen level was 4.27 mg/***:The abundance of *** varies seasonally over shorter time *** abundance also varies over a few meters in small coastal *** information indicates that economically important bioluminescent bays are vulnerable to changes in freshwater input,water temperature,water circulation patterns and possibly the nutrient inputs from the land surrounding such bays.

关键词： Bioluminescent Dinoflagellate Puerto Rico Water chemistry Multivariate

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CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES AND TBM TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA

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岩石力学与工程学报 2003年第9期22卷 1521-1526页

作者： FuBingjun grassoP XuShulin InstituteofGeologyandGeophysics TheChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100101China GeodataSpA Torino10129Italy

This paper deals with the construction of underground hydraulic structures and TBM technology in China——past,present and future. China ranks number one in the world in water power. But,the ratio of developed to potential hydropower is only about 20%. The exploitable water power in West China,where is featured by high mountain and complex geology,accounts for 83% of the total for China. Most of the project structures have to be located underground. The projected length of hydraulic underground openings per year is about 180 km. Several underground projects completed,under execution and planned are highlighted in this paper. Finally,general information about the development of TBM technology in hydraulic construction in China is outlined.

关键词：中国地下工程水利水电工程 TBM

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Sensor with Intact or Modified Yeast Cells as Rapid Device for Toxicological Test of Chemicals

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2014年第2期3卷 35-40页

作者： Roberto Dragone Chiara Frazzoli Gerardo grasso Gloria Rossi Department of Agricultural Environmental and Food Sciences University of Molise Campobasso Italy Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Institute of Nanostructured Materials Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Rome Italy

Aerobic catabolism of S. cerevisiae (cell respiration) is a rapid, cost-effective, and reproducible toxicological endpoint of the whole cells biosensor. To increase the signal intensity, a protocol for the immobilization and modification of the yeast cells is described. In particular, the enzymatic treatment of the immobilized yeast cells allows removing the cell wall and obtaining structurally modified cells namely spheroplasts. Both immobilization and exposure of sensitive cells like spheroplasts confirmed to improve the method’s sensitivity vs. the chemicals. The present paper reports the test of different chemicals (including Mercury and wood preservative like Tanalith) present in consumer products, performed both by sensor with intact and modified whole cells.

关键词： Screening Methods Spheroplast Whole Cell Tanalith Mercury

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城市地区机械化隧道工程的风险管理

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现代隧道技术 2009年第2期46卷 9-14页

作者： Piergiorgio grasso Vittorio Guglielmetti Shulin Xu 意大利Geodata公司 Torino I 10129

由于相关国际组织长期不懈的努力,隧道工程,特别是城市地区隧道工程的风险管理正成为一种惯例。对于机械化隧道工程情况也是如此,即使常常被认为是一种安全、快速的隧道施工方法,但仍然有许多其它因素决定着这种先进的施工技术的成败。... 详细信息

由于相关国际组织长期不懈的努力,隧道工程,特别是城市地区隧道工程的风险管理正成为一种惯例。对于机械化隧道工程情况也是如此,即使常常被认为是一种安全、快速的隧道施工方法,但仍然有许多其它因素决定着这种先进的施工技术的成败。为有助于控制所有重要因素,就需要制定和实施风险管理计划(RMP)。文章介绍了风险管理计划的必要元素,并阐述了隧道掘进计划(PAT)方法,以确保城市地区机械化隧道工程获得成功。

关键词：城市隧道机械化施工风险管理

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隧道纵向消防通风的对数理论

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现代隧道技术 2013年第2期50卷 39-45页

作者：郭晓平张启晖徐书林 Simone Eandi Giuseppe Astore Piergiorgio grasso 大连理工大学能源与动力学院大连116023 GEODATA Engineering SpA TurinItaly 10129

文章介绍了一种新的隧道防火通风理论。与目前通用理论不同的是,该模型没有从Froude相似准则出发,而是通过对基本热流体动力学方程组的简化、分析,揭示了火源放热率与隧道通风速度和隧道高度之间的逻辑关系,提出了以火势为特征的隧道火... 详细信息

文章介绍了一种新的隧道防火通风理论。与目前通用理论不同的是,该模型没有从Froude相似准则出发,而是通过对基本热流体动力学方程组的简化、分析,揭示了火源放热率与隧道通风速度和隧道高度之间的逻辑关系,提出了以火势为特征的隧道火灾通风理论;依据这一理论,隧道通风临界速度为火势的对数函数,进而解释了大型隧道火灾中临界速度与火源放热率无关这一重要实验现象;利用新的火势概念,该理论给出了定量的火灾分类准则,并从数学上描述了各类火灾的物理特征;与现有实验数据比较,新理论无需任何实验修正,在所有火源放热率范围内成功地预测了隧道通风临界速度,从理论上克服了现有模型中临界速度随放热率无限增大的问题。由于新理论的二维性质,隧道侧壁面对防火通风的影响仍需进一步研究。

关键词：隧道火灾纵向通风临界速度

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Anatomy and physiology of cisternostomy

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第1期19卷 7-10页

作者： lype Cherian Giovanni grasso Antonio Bernardo Sunil Munakomi Department of NeurosurgerT College of Medical Sciences Bharatpur Nepal Neurosurgical Clinicc University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Neurological Surgery Surgical Innovations Laboratory for Skull Base Microsurgery Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA

Cisternostomy is defined as opening the basal cisterns to atmospheric pressure. This technique helps to reduce the intracranial pressure in severe head trauma as well as other conditions when the so-called sudden ＂brain swelling＂ troubles the surgeon. We elaborated the surgical anatomy of this procedure as well as the proposed physiology of how cisternostomy works. This novel technique may change the current trends in neurosurgery.

关键词： Craniocerebral traumaCisternostomy Membrane of liliequistVirchow robin spaces

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Dual neuronal response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha following spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第12期5卷 917-926页

作者： Lingyi ChiO Jin YuO Hong ZhuO Xingang Li Shugan Zhu Zhenzhong Li L. Creed PetticlrewO David grasso James J. HickmanO Mark S. KindyO Department of Neurosurgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012 Shandong Province China Laboratory of Neurosurgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012 Shandong Province China Department of Neurosciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston 29425 South Carolina USA Department of Anatomy Shandong University School of Medicine Jinan 250012 Shandong Province China Stroke Program Sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington Kentucky Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Lexington 40536 Kentucky USA Xenogen Corporation 5 Cedar Brook Drive Cranbury 08512 New Jersey USA NanoScience Technology Center University of Florida Orlando 32826 Florida USA Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center Charleston 29401 South Carolina USA

BACKGROUND： Numerous studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） is closely correlated with spinal cord injury （SCI）, but the mechanisms of TNF-α and therapeutic treatments for SCI are still poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： To determine the role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of SCI. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An in vivo experiment based on genetically engineered animals was performed at the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, between June 2007 and October 2008. MATERIALS： TNF-α transgenic rats （Xenogen Biosciences in Cranbury, New Jersey, USA） were utilized in this study. METHODS： TNF-α transgenic （tg） and wild-type （WT） rats underwent a complete single-level laminectomy at the 10^th thoracic vertebra （T10）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Motor function of rat hindlimb was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan hindlimb locomotor rating scale. Histological evaluation of spinal cord tissue loss was conducted. Immunohistochemistry for astrocytes, microglia/macrophages, and TNF receptors （TNFRs） was performed on spinal cord tissue sections. TNF-α mRNA expression was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The concentrations of nerve growth factor （NGF） and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） in the supernatant were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for rat NGF or BDNF, respectively. The rats were injected subcutaneously with etanercept to verify that TNF-α was the direct effect of the modulation of behavioral and neurodegenerative outcomes in the TNF-α tg rats. RESULTS： TNF-α tg rats showed higher expression of TNF-α mRNA in the spinal cord prior to SCI. TNF-α tg rats showed worse motor deficits than WT rats in the acute period （〈 3 days） after SCI （P 〈 0.01）, while in the chronic period, TNF-α tg rats exhibited persistent elevated baseline levels of TNF-α mRNA and improved recovery in motor function and tissue healing compared to WT rats （P 〈 0.01 ）. Following SCI, the number of microgli

关键词： spinal cord injury tumor necrosis factor-α rats inflammation motor function astrocytes microglia nerve growth factor brain-derived neurotrophic factors

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Study of Sperm Apoptosis and Seminal Oxidant Capacity in Infertile Patients with Genital Tract Infections Evaluation of the Efficacy of Levofloxacin in Two Therapeutic Protocols

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2012年第2期2卷 21-24页

作者： Terradas Claudio Rodriguez Pena Marcelo Curi Susana grasso Ernesto Nagelberg Alberto Male Infertility Program Argentine Society of UrologyBuenos AiresArgentina

Introduction: Antibiotics are the principal treatment of seminal tract infections Our objective is to determine the efficacy of levofloxacin in the eradication of genital tract patogens in infertile patients comparing 28 with 56 days of treatment and to elucidate different seminal parameters availables as markers of antibiotic efficacy in seminal improvement. Materials and Methods: We studied prospectively 50 males patients with seminal tract infections. All patients were treated with levofloxacin 500 mg orally along 28 or 56 days. Two seminal analysis were performed before and after treatment an seminal parameters included TUNEL and nitric oxide levels in seminal plasma were measured. Results: We observed significative differences between both diagrams of treatment. Sperm count and motility increased significatively after treatment. But, sperm morphology do not improve after antibiotic. Necrospermy index but not leucocitospermy had been reduced after levofloxacin. Nitric oxide levels have a direct correlation with sperm count but inverse with motility. The rate of apoptosis determined by TUNEL technique in the study population was 30.46%. There was no correlation between apoptosis parameters and necrozoospermy and there was no correlation between sperm cell apoptosis and NO levels. Conclutions: Bacteriologic cure in seminal infection is higher with a scheme of 56 days than 28 days. Treatment with levofloxacin improves seminal parameters in infertile patients with spermatic tract infection. Nitric oxide but not TUNEL is a good predictive factor of antibiotic efficacy.

关键词： Seminal Tract Infections Sperm DNA Fragmentation Nitric Oxide Levofloxacine

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