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Can Helicobacter pylori infection influence human reproduction?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5567-5574页

作者： Elena Moretti Natale Figura giulia Collodel Antonio Ponzetto Collodel Department of Molecular and Developmental MedicineUniversity of Siena53100 SienaItaly Department of Medical Surgical and Neurological SciencesUniversity of Siena and Policlinico S Maria alle Scotte53100 SienaItaly Department of Internal Medicine University of Torino10126 TorinoItaly

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection could be associated with extra-digestive diseases. Here, we report the evidences concerning the decrease in reproductive potential occurring in individuals infected by H. pylori, especially by strains expressing CagA. This infection is more prevalent in individuals with fertility disorders. Infected women have anti-H. pylori antibodies in cervical mucus and follicular fluid that may decrease sperm motility and cross react immunologically with spermatozoa, conceivably hampering the oocyte/sperm fusion. Infection by CagA positive organisms enhances the risk of preeclampsia, which is a main cause of foetus death. These findings are supported by the results of experimental infections of pregnant mice, which may cause reabsorption of a high number of foetuses and alter the balance between Th1 and Th2 cell response. Infected men have decreased sperm motility, viability and numbers of normally shaped sperm and augmented systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, which may damage spermatozoa. In countries where parasitic infestation is endemic, detrimental effects of infection upon spermatozoa may not occur, because the immune response to parasites could determine a switch from a predominant Th1 type to Th2 type lymphocytes, with production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, the evidences gathered until now should be taken into consideration for future studies aiming to explore the possible role of H. pylori infection on human reproduction.

关键词： Antigenic mimicry Helicobacter pylori infection Human sperm Inflammatory cytokines Preeclampsia Reproductive disorders

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Gender Diversity in the Management Consulting Industry

Gender Diversity in the Management Consulting Industry

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作者： giulia TOGNINI 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

职场上的性别多样化是一个严重争议的话题,但是有关女性从事咨询行业的研究少之又少。这篇论文通过来自81家咨询公司的数据作为样本,检验了咨询公司女员工和公司绩效之间的关系。本研究首先从质的方面概括了咨询公司高管中女性代表比较... 详细信息

职场上的性别多样化是一个严重争议的话题,但是有关女性从事咨询行业的研究少之又少。这篇论文通过来自81家咨询公司的数据作为样本,检验了咨询公司女员工和公司绩效之间的关系。本研究首先从质的方面概括了咨询公司高管中女性代表比较稀少的原因,以及增加女性高管的比例将给可能给公司带来的利益。接着本研究通过使用多元回归模型进行了数量分析,得到的结果是公司合伙人个人利润和咨询公司合伙人级别的女性比例成正比。这篇文章不仅填补了以咨询公司为核心的性别多样化研究,它同时为在现实中如何对待女性在咨询公司高管中的比例有一定参考意义,公司会从增加职业女性的比例中受益。尽管有关职场女性和领导力这个主题的研究非常多,但是有关这个话题在咨询行业的研究就少之又少(Marsh,2009)。而且,咨询公司新进员工中有40%是女性,而在合伙人级别的研究表明合伙人中女性所占的比例从7%到14%不等(Kumra and Vinnicombe,2008)。我研究职场女性在咨询行业的影响力是由我参加的管理咨询这门课程的一次课堂讨论所引发的,这次讨论围绕AshishNanda的有关专业服务公司的实践频谱展开(Nanda,2004)。当我们沿着这个频谱分析不同公司的技能,能力和利润驱动力的影响时,我们对于咨询行业内生的一些可能从负面角度影响到女性在该行业所占比例的因素进行了辩论。也就是说,一个男性主导的文化背景,长时间的不灵活的工作时间,和非正式社交网络的隔绝,以及指导和赞助的缺乏都是阻止女性在咨询行业中晋升的主要因素(德勤,2005)。我作为对咨询业非常感兴趣的一名女性,于是对女性在该行业的影响力首先进行了粗略的研究。尽管很多咨询公司很积极的研究了女性在500强公司所占比例,我很惊讶的发现几乎没有一家咨询公司对他们自身这个咨询业中女性代表的比例进行过深入研究。在读过一份麦肯锡咨询的名为《Women Matter:Gender Diversity, a Corporate Performance Driver》(McKinsey&Company,2007)的报告之后,我发现报告中指出的500强公司的业绩和女性在领导岗位的比例是有关系的,于是我决定做一项类似的有关咨询业的研究。在本研究中,管理咨询行业将特指包含了战略、信息技术、运营、人力资源、医疗保健、一般业务和管理以及经济咨询公司。我要研究的是分析咨询行业的性别多样化,以及探索咨询公司女性代表比例和公司绩效之间的关系。本研究采用的是全球化视角,这主要是为了避免研究仅仅局限于某几个具体的国家或者地理界限,基于此本研究收集的是全球化的数据(而不是国家数据)。这篇论文将首先讨论咨询行业的特征,重点将放在那些会阻碍女性晋升到合伙人级别的因素方面。紧接着我们会概括的得出现阶段咨询公司中女性在高管中占有比例的概况,然后本文探讨了提高职场上女性比例将会给咨询公司带来哪些好处。而论文的实证部分将集中在研究女性在咨询业中代表的比例和公司利润率之间的关系,实证将使用来自81家咨询公司的相关数据作为研究样本,为了使研究更有效,本论文根据样本中咨询公司的不同特征进行分类,将样本细分为不同的咨询公司组别,进行实证检检。

关键词：性别多样性女性代表公司业绩管理咨询

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Implementing Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices:Recycling Systems as A Tool to Overcome Waste Issues in Shanghai,China

Implementing Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Pr...

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作者： giulia Barresi 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

As one of the many consequences of urbanization,population growth and massive industrialization,the impressive increase in waste production in the last decades has turned China into the world’s top waste generator,after the United *** part of the broader environmental challenge the country is currently facing,the implementation of sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management（MSWM）practices in Chinese major cities should be a primary concern for the government and public *** practices-already implemented in other Asian capitals and Western countries-include integrated and holistic views of the MSW system,and a hierarchical approach which prioritizes resources-reuse and recycling over incineration and *** is currently the Chinese metropolis implementing the most successful practices of MSWM;despite being praised for the systems implemented,Shanghai is also facing multiple challenges,still heavily relies on landfilling and incineration and lacks of a properly regulated recycling *** on field and literature research,this study carefully analyzes the MSW system currently in place,and identifies（i）better direct financial investment（ii）regulate informal collectors（iii）clarify responsibilities of stakeholders（iv）exchange advanced technologies and know-how with international players,as necessary steps to enhance the recycling systems in the ***,based on a questionnaire survey distributed on social medias,it has been found that the level of education achieved and the existing promotion activities on recycling do not affect Shanghai citizens’ willingness to participate in recycling ***,a statistically significant relationship has been found between both（i）the communities’ efforts to promote such programs and（ii）the appearance of public spaces with the commuters’ satisfaction with the overall MSWM system.

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The Gold Market and Its Evolving Role Through the Current Financial Crisis: An Empirical Investigation

The Gold Market and Its Evolving Role Through the Current Fi...

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作者： giulia Zanzi 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

黄金在金融市场上的核心作用历经多个世纪,它已成为一种重要的价值储存形式并能在危机时刻起到良好的对冲作用。作为贵金属,它或被用于投资或被用作珠宝。与此同时,由于它的标准化以及与货币间的高度可转换性,它也被视为一种商品。在本... 详细信息

黄金在金融市场上的核心作用历经多个世纪,它已成为一种重要的价值储存形式并能在危机时刻起到良好的对冲作用。作为贵金属,它或被用于投资或被用作珠宝。与此同时,由于它的标准化以及与货币间的高度可转换性,它也被视为一种商品。在本研究中,我们对目前金融危机对黄金的主要影响做了详尽的分析。事实上,在此金融危机期间,黄金价格曾达到1000美元/盎司,这进一步激发了我们对黄金新职能进行考察的想法。这项研究旨在追踪黄金在过去两年的表现,以便评估它是更类似商品还是资产。在第一章中,我们描述了黄金现货市场及其演变的趋势。首先,我们分析了其历史背景以及对当前黄金市场的影响。其次,我们进一步分解了构成黄金供求均衡的组成部分并阐释了其与其他金属间的相似之处。然后,我们比较了黄金与其他贵重金属和基本金属在市场结构上的差异。除此以外,我们也对哪些国家对黄金市场具有更大的影响力进行了考察。历来南非和印度分别占据黄金供应和需求的主导地位,但在过去几年里,我们发现了由中国带动的地位转换。这种新的均衡态势需要进一步的研究,以便了解其对衍生工具市场的影响。由于衍生产品市场的庞大规模和极具活跃性,各个国家之间相互关联,黄金价格在全球水平上受制于宏观经济趋势的影响。本研究的第二章涉及了对黄金衍生工具市场的描述。由于其高度的灵活性,黄金衍生产品主要由场外交易实现。在此,我们也对主要的标准合同进行了描述。在第三章里,为了表明当前金融危机对黄金的主要影响,我们采用了实证研究法。我们首先描述了标明金融危机路径的主要事件并评估了其对黄金远期拆息和派生黄金租赁率的影响,然后我们进一步对这两种利率和其他基准利率如伦敦银行同业拆借利率,隔夜指数掉期和回购协议之间的动态关系(假设一)进行了实证研究。其次,我们把黄金视为一种商品,考察其与其他贵重金属间(特别是银)的历史相似性是否在2007-2009年间仍然存在(假设二)。同时,我们评估了黄金作为美元和宏观经济动荡对冲所发挥的作用。我们比较了黄金和标准普尔GCSI在波动性,收益以及与其它主要财务指标间的相关性方面的差异。事实上,考虑到交易商把黄金定位为避风港,我们想验证这种观点在目前的金融危机中是否仍然正确(假设三)。另外,我们也分析了黄金对宏观经济趋势所起的外部对冲作用。最后,我们重点考察了较于商品指数,黄金作为对冲的绩效表现并进一步评估了其短中长期效益(假设四)。

关键词：市场结构储存形式 volatility 金融危机 asset 供求均衡衍生产品市场波动性 tailed 场外交易

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Immortalized hippocampal astrocytes from 3xTg-AD mice,a new model to study disease-related astrocytic dysfunction:a comparative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1672-1678页

作者： Laura Tapella giulia Dematteis Armando A Genazzani Massimiliano De Paola Dmitry Lim Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universitàdel Piemonte Orientale“Amedeo Avogadro”NovaraItaly Department of Neuroscience Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCSMilanoItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is characterized by complex etiology,long-lasting pathogenesis,and celltype-specific ***,there is no cure for AD,emphasizing the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of cell-specific ***,principal homeostatic cells of the central nervous system,are key players in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including *** models greatly facilitate the investigation of cell-specific pathological alterations and the dissection of molecular mechanisms and ***-derived and immortalized astrocytic cell lines,alongside the emerging technology of adult induced pluripotent stem cells,are widely used to study cellular dysfunction in ***,no stable cell lines were available from genetic mouse AD ***,we established immortalized hippocampal astroglial cell lines from amyloid-βprecursor protein/presenilin-1/Tau triple-transgenic(3xTg)-AD mice(denominated as wild type(WT)-and 3Tg-iAstro cells)using retrovirus-mediated transduction of simian virus 40 large T-antigen and propagation without clonal selection,thereby maintaining natural heterogeneity of primary *** groups have successfully used 3Tg-iAstro cells for single-cell and omics approaches to study astrocytic AD-related alterations of calcium signaling,mitochondrial dysfunctions,disproteostasis,altered homeostatic and signaling support to neurons,and blood-brain barrier *** we provide a comparative overview of the most used models to study astrocytes in vitro,such as primary culture,tumor-derived cell lines,immortalized astroglial cell lines,and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived *** conclude that immortalized WT-and 3Tg-iAstro cells provide a noncompetitive but complementary,low-cost,easy-to-handle,and versatile cellular model for dissection of astrocyte-specific AD-related alterations and preclinical drug discovery.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease astrocytes immortalization astroglial Alzheimers's disease model blood-brain barrier calcium signaling central nervous system homeostasis disproteostasis endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes protein synthesis

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Efficient light harvesting from flexible perovskite solar cells under indoor white light-emitting diode illumination

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Nano Research 2017年第6期10卷 2130-2145页

作者： giulia Lucarelli Francesco Di Giacomo Valerio Zardetto Mariadriana creatore Thomas M. Brown Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy (CHOSE) Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 100133 Rome Italy Hoist Centre/TNO - Solliance 5655AE Eindhoven the Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven the Netherlands

This is the first report of an investigation on flexible perovskite solar cells for artificial light harvesting by using a white light-emitting diode （LED） lamp as a light source at 200 and 400 Ix, values typically found in indoor environments. Flexible cells were developed using either low-temperature sol-gel or atomic- layer-deposited compact layers over conducting polyethylene terephthalate （PET） substrates, together with ultraviolet （UV）-irradiated nanoparticle TiO2 scaffolds, a CH3NHBPbI3xClx perovskite semiconductor, and a spiro-MeOTAD hole transport layer. By guaranteeing high-quality carrier blocking （via the 10-40 nm-thick com- pact layer） and injection （via the nanocrystalline scaffold and perovskite layers） behavior, maximum power conversion efficiencies （PCE） and power densities of 10.8% and 7.2 pW-cm-2, respectively, at 200 lx, and 12.1% and 16.0 -tW＇cm-2, respectively, at 400 lx were achieved. These values are the state-of-the-art, comparable to and even exceeding those of flexible dye-sensitized solar cells under LED lighting, and significantly greater than those for flexible amorphous silicon, which are currently the main flexible photovoltaic technologies commercially considered for indoor applications. Furthermore, there are significant margins of improvement for reaching the best levels of efficiency for rigid glass-based counterparts, which we found was a high of PCE -24% at 400 lx. With respect to rigid devices, flexibility brings the advantages of being low cost, lightweight, very thin, and COlfformal, which is especially important for seamless integration in indoor environments.

关键词： flexible perovskite solar cells indoor light harvesting atomic layer deposition nanocrystalline scaffolds flexible photovoltaics energy harvesting

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Circulating and stool nucleic acid analysis for colorectal cancer diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期20卷 957-967页

作者： giulia De Maio Claudia Rengucci Wainer Zoli Daniele Calistri Biosciences Laboratory Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS

In recent years, the need to identify molecular markers characterized by high sensitivity and specificity in detecting and monitoring early and colorectal cancer lesions has increased. Up to now, none of the markers or panels of markers analyzed have met the rigorous standards required of a screening program. The important discovery of circulating nucleic acids in biological fluids has aroused intense scientific interest because of their usefulness in malignant and non malignant diseases. Over time, their yield and stability have been identified and compared with other “standard” biomarkers. The analysis of circulating DNA from blood and stool is a relatively simple and non-invasive procedure, representing a very attractive marker to detect genetic and epigenetic mutations and to monitor disease progression. A correlation between blood and stool biomarkers could also help to enhance currently available diagnostic approaches. However, various processing and analytic problems need to be resolved before such an approach can be applied in clinical practice.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Circulating DNA Circulating RNA Early diagnosis DNA integrity

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Validity of studies suggesting preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer:A critical appraisal of randomized trials

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第1期12卷 113-123页

作者： giulia Manzini Ursula Klotz Doris Henne-Bruns Michael Kremer Department of General and Visceral Surgery University of UlmUlm 89081Germany Department of General and Visceral Surgery Hospital of AarauAarau 5000Switzerland

BACKGROUND In 2015,Kidane published a Cochrane review and meta-analysis to summarise the impact of preoperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone on survival for resectable thoracic esophageal *** authors concluded that preoperative chemotherapy improved overall survival(OS).AIM The aim of this article was to assess the validity of the three most powerful studies included in the Cochrane review and the meta-analysis supporting the advantage of preoperative chemotherapy and to investigate the impact of an exclusion of these three studies on the result of the *** OS was selected as the endpoint of *** the ten included papers which analysed this endpoint,we identified the three publications with the highest weights influencing the final *** validity of these papers was analysed using the CONSORT checklist for randomized controlled *** performed a new meta-analysis without the three studies to assess their impact on the general result of the original *** The three analysed studies revealed several *** answers were found in up to one third of the items of the CONSORT *** information about sample-size calculation and power,unclear or inadequate randomisation,and missing blinded set-up were the most common *** the three criticized studies were excluded in the meta-analysis,preoperative chemotherapy showed no benefit in *** The three most powerful publications in the Cochrane review show substantial *** the exclusion of these studies from the meta-analysis,preoperative chemotherapy does not seem to result in an advantage in *** suggest a more critical appraisal regarding the validity of single studies.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Assessment of validity Meta-analysis CONSORT Overall survival

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Relation between skeletal muscle volume and prognosis in rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第2期14卷 423-433页

作者： Paola De Nardi Alessandro Giani giulia Maggi Marco Braga Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilano 20132Italy Department of Surgery School of MedicineUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMilan ItalyMonza 20900Italy Department of Oncologic Surgery Policlinico CasilinoRome 00169Italy Department of Surgery San Gerardo HospitalUniversity Milano BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

The prognostic role of body composition indexes,and specifically sarcopenia,has recently been explored in different cancer ***,conflicting results have been *** in cancer type,cancer stage or oncological treatments,as well as different methodology and definition of sarcopenia,could be accounted for different conclusions retrieved from *** focusing on colorectal cancer,it clearly appears that colon and rectal cancers are often treated as a single entity though they have different behaviors and ***,patients with advanced rectal cancer represent a peculiar group of patients that according to current guidelines are treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by radical *** review was restricted to a homogeneous group of patients with advanced lower rectal cancer and the aim of exploring whether there is a correlation between skeletal muscle depletion and *** was searched for articles related to patients with advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy(NCRT)followed by radical surgery,in whom muscle mass and/or change in muscle mass during neoadjuvant treatment were *** full-text articles were selected and included in the present *** main findings of our review were:(1)The majority of the studies defined sarcopenia as muscle mass alone over muscle strength or physical performance;(2)There was a great deal of heterogeneity in the definition and measures of sarcopenia,in the definition of cut-off values,and in the method to measure change in muscle mass;(3)There was not full agreement on the association between sarcopenia at baseline and/or after chemoradiotherapy and prognosis,and only few studies found a significance in the multivariate analysis;and(4)It seems that a loss in skeletal muscle mass during NCRT is associated with the worst outcomes in terms of disease-free *** conclusion,analysis of muscle mass might provid

关键词： Advanced rectal cancer Sarcopenia Neoadjuvant treatment Chemoradiotherapy Surgery Muscle mass change Prognosis Survival Review

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Persistent dysexecutive syndrome after pneumococcal meningitis complicated by recurrent ischemic strokes:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第22期11卷 5344-5350页

作者： Laura Abbruzzese giulia Martinelli giulia Salti Benedetta Basagni Alessio Damora Cristiano Scarselli giulia Peppoloni Aleksandra Podgorska giuliana Rosso Marco Bacci Alba Rosa Alfano MAURO MANCUSO CRT Tuscany Rehabilitation ClinicMontevarchiArezzo 52025Italy Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit NHS ASL-Tuscany South EstGrosseto 58100Italy Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties UOC GeriatricsSapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy

Meningitis is a possible complication of pneumococcal infection concerning acute otitis media and *** might compromise cognitive function,both for the infection itself and the vascular events that sometimes follow the acute *** SUMMARY Here we describe the case of a 32-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency room due to extensive pneumococcal meningitis as a consequence of sinus *** presented with extensive laminar ischemic damage in the acute phase,resulting in severe cognitive and behavioural *** years of follow-up,through neuropsychological assessments and neuroradiological investigations,demonstrated the presence of subsequent vascular events,3 months and 2 years after *** The case is discussed in light of scientific knowledge of the long-term outcomes of this pathology in order to potentially improve diagnosis and promote better outcomes.

关键词： Pneumococcal meningitis Stroke,Cognitive and behavioural functioning Long-term outcome Case report

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