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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第8期12卷 1369-1370页

作者： Maddalena De Bernardo giulia Abbinante Giovanni Cembalo Nicola Rosa Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana"University of Salerno

Dear Editor,We read with great interest the article by Abou Samra et al[1] about the management of selected keratoconus *** would like to congratulate the authors for the originality of this study, but in our opinion there are some points that need to be clarified. The authors included in this study 13 eyes of 11 patients. This number seems to be too small, to make a definite conclusion.

关键词： WFG-PRK IOL Two-stage procedure

Oxygen-promoted synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons on Cu(111)

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第4期64卷 636-641页

作者： Penghui Ji Oliver MacLean Gianluca Galeotti Dominik Dettmann giulia Berti Kewei Sun Haiming Zhang Federico Rosei Lifeng Chi Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices Institute of Functional Nano&Soft MaterialsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Centre Energie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique1650 Boulevard Lionel-BouletVarennesQCCanada Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 180538 MunichGermany Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan

We report the systematic investigation of the effects of oxygen on the synthesis of 3 p sub-family armchair graphene nanoribbons(3 p-AGNRs),which revealed a strong catalytic effect with a reduction in the reaction temperature by approximately 180 K without degradation of the ***(para-phenylene)(3-AGNR)was generated through Ullmann-type coupling of4,4’’-dibromo-p-terphenyl on Cu(111),which was then converted into wider 3 p-AGNRs via lateral *** tunneling microscopy(STM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the formation of different ribbons up to 12-AGNR,which contained regions exhibiting increased STM contrast that we attribute to the intercalation of Br atoms during lateral fusion.

关键词： on-surface synthesis graphene nanoribbons C–H activation scanning tunneling microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Gut-liver axis and probiotics: Their role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15518-15531页

作者： giulia Paolella Claudia Mandato Luca Pierri Marco Poeta Martina Di Stasi Pietro Vajro Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Salerno Pediatrics of AORN Santobono-Pausilipon ELFID European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease

The incidence of obesity and its related conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has dramatically increased in all age groups worldwide. Given the health consequences of these conditions, and the subsequent economic burden on healthcare systems, their prevention and treatment have become major priorities. Because standard dietary and lifestyle changes and pathogenically-oriented therapies (e.g., antioxidants, oral hypoglycemic agents, and lipid-lowering agents) often fail due to poor compliance and/or lack of efficacy, novel approaches directed toward other pathomechanisms are needed. Here we present several lines of evidence indicating that, by increasing energy extraction in some dysbiosis conditions or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, specific gut microbiota and/or a “low bacterial richness” may play a role in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver. Under conditions involving a damaged intestinal barrier (“leaky gut”), the gut-liver axis may enhance the natural interactions between intestinal bacteria/bacterial products and hepatic receptors (e.g., toll-like receptors), thus promoting the following cascade of events: oxidative stress, insulin-resistance, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis. We also discuss the possible modulation of gut microbiota by probiotics, as attempted in NAFLD animal model studies and in several pilot pediatric and adult human studies. Globally, this approach appears to be a promising and innovative add-on therapeutic tool for NAFLD in the context of multi-target therapy.

关键词： Probiotics Gut-liver axis Intestinal microbiota Barrier function Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Bacterial translocation Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Sperm glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression in asthenozoospermic spermatozoa

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第4期19卷 409-413页

作者： Donatella Paoli Marianna Pelloni Mariagrazia Gallo giulia Coltrinari Francesco Lombardo Andrea Lenzi Loredana Gandini Laboratory of Seminology - Sperm Bank Department of Experimental Medicine University of Rome 'La Sapienza' 00161 Rome Italy

It has been suggested that the energy required for sperm motility is produced by oxidative phosphorylation while glycolysis seems to be an important source for ATP transmission along the flagellum. Some studies have investigated the chemical and kinetic properties of the enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase to identify any changes in the regulation of glycolysis and sperm motility. In contrast, there are few studies analyzing the genetic basis of hypokinesis. For this reason, we investigated the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in human sperm to evaluate whether asthenozoospermia was correlated with any changes in its expression. Semen examination and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression studies were carried out on 116 semen samples divided into two groups - Group A consisted of 58 normokinetic samples and Group B of 58 hypokinetic samples. Total RNA was extracted from spermatozoa, and real-time PCR quantification of mRNA was carried out using specific primers and probes. The expression profiles for the Groups A and B were very similar. The mean delta Ct was as follows - Group A, 5.79 ＋ 1.04; Group B, 5.47 ＋ 1.27. Our study shows that in human sperm, there is no difference in glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression between samples with impaired motility and samples with normal kinetics. We believe that this study could help in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of sperm kinetics, suggesting that hypomotility may be due to a possible posttranscriptional impairment of the control mechanism, such as mRNA splicing, or to posttranslational changes.

关键词： adenosine-5'-triphosphate gene expression sperm glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase sperm motility

Photonic extreme learning machine by free-space optical propagation

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Photonics Research 2021年第8期9卷 1446-1454页

作者： DAVIDE PIERANGELI giulia MARCUCCI CLAUDIO CONTI Institute for Complex System National Research Council(ISC-CNR)00185 RomeItaly Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome00185 RomeItaly Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi(CREF) 00184 RomeItaly Department of Physics University of OttawaOttawaOntario K1N 6N5Canada

Photonic brain-inspired platforms are emerging as novel analog computing devices,enabling fast and energyefficient operations for machine *** artificial neural networks generally require tailored optical elements,such as integrated photonic circuits,engineered diffractive layers,nanophotonic materials,or time-delay schemes,which are challenging to train or ***,we present a neuromorphic photonic scheme,i.e.,the photonic extreme learning machine,which can be implemented simply by using an optical encoder and coherent wave propagation in free *** realize the concept through spatial light modulation of a laser beam,with the far field acting as a feature mapping *** experimentally demonstrate learning from data on various classification and regression tasks,achieving accuracies comparable with digital kernel machines and deep photonic *** findings point out an optical machine learning device that is easy to train,energetically efficient,scalable,and fabrication-constraint *** scheme can be generalized to a plethora of photonic systems,opening the route to real-time neuromorphic processing of optical data.

关键词： extreme propagation free

Surgical Versus Percutaneous Stenting Treatment of Isolated Aortic Coarctation: Long-Term Follow-Up

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第5期16卷 457-467页

作者： Marie Laure Yammine Camilla Calvieri Marcello Chinali Salvatore Giannico giulia Cafiero Ugo Giordano Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Department Bambino Gesu Children’s HospitalInstitute for Treatment and ResearchPiazza S.Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy

Background:In recent decades,aortic stenting has become a promising alternative to surgery for both native aortic coarctation and re-stenosis in children and ***,comparative long-term outcomes have poorly been ***:We included 212 patients with previous aortic repair(19±8.7 years)divided into 3 groups:139 with single-time surgical repair(CoA-S group);18 with single-time percutaneous stenting(CoA-PS group);and 55 hybrid patients with multiple aortic procedures because of re-coarctation occurrence(CoA-H group).All patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and trans-thoracic ***:After a median follow-up of 17 years after aortic repair,antihypertensive therapy was recorded in a significantly higher proportion of patients(83%)in CoA-PS group compared to 65%and 46%of CoA-H and CoA-S groups,respectively(p=0.002).Pulse pressure values were higher in CoA-PS patients compared to the others(p<0.001).Echocardiogram showed significant residual aortic gradient in 50%of CoA-PS and 73%of CoA-H patients compared to 33%of CoA-S patients(p<0.0001).Indeed,stenting was associated to higher incidence of re-coartaction(p<0.0001).At multivariate regression Cox analysis adjusted for age at repair and need for antihypertensive therapy,percutaneous stenting was an independent predictor of echocardiographic evidence of re-coarctation(p≤0.001).Conclusion:Aortic coarctation stenting was independently associated with re-coartaction occurrence during long-term follow up when compared to surgical ***,patients with aortic stenting had lower blood pressure control at 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and higher need for antihypertensive therapy.

关键词： Aortic coartaction aortic stenting arterial hypertension aortic re-coarctation

COVID-19: Considerations about immune suppression and biologicals at the time of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第20期9卷 5352-5357页

作者： giulia Costanzo William Cordeddu Luchino Chessa Stefano Del Giacco Davide Firinu Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of CagliariMonserrato 09042CagliariItaly

The extent of the profound immunological and nonimmunological responses linked to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is currently being investigated worldwide due to the large burden associated with death due to SARS-CoV-2 and the short-term consequences of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).It has been hypothesized that patients on immunosuppressive treatments,including biologics,may have an augmented risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2;however,there are currently no definitive data about biological drugs and COVID-19 in immune-mediated inflammatory *** epidemiological models developed to understand how long the COVID-19 epidemic may last are not conclusive and range from sustained epidemics to complete ***,even in the best-case scenario of apparent elimination,there is concordance about a possible contagion resurgence as late as ***,knowledge of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on immunemediated diseases and among patients treated with biologicals,together with the results of novel and promising COVID-19 treatment strategies targeting the virus and the host immune response(or both),will help us to best manage our patients during this pandemic over the next few years.

关键词： COVID-19 Immune-mediated diseases Biological drugs Targeted therapies Cytokine storm Immunosuppressive drugs

Cirrhosis and portal hypertension: The importance of risk stratification, the role of hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第4期7卷 688-695页

作者： Vincenzo La Mura Antonio Nicolini giulia Tosetti Massimo Primignani Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico 20100 Milano Italy

Portal hypertension is the main prognostic factor in cirrhosis. The recent emergence of potent antiviral drugs and new algorithm of treatment for the management of complications due to portal hypertension have sensibly changed our perception of cirrhosis that can be now considered as a multistage liver disease whose mortality risk can be reduced by a tailored approachfor any stage of risk. Experts recommend to move toward a pathophysiological classification of cirrhosis that considers both structural and functional changes. The hepatic venous pressure gradient HVPG, is the reference gold standard to estimate the severity of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. It correlates with both structural and functional changes that occur in cirrhosis and carries valuable prognostic information to stratify the mortality risk. This article provides a general overview of the pathophysiology and natural course of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. We propose a simplified classification of cirrhosis based on low, intermediate and high mortality stage. The prognostic information provided by HVPG is presented according to each stage. A comparison with prognostic models based on clinical and endoscopic variables is discussed in order to evidence the additional contribute given by HVPG on top of other clinical and instrumental variables widely used in clinical practice.

关键词： Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Hepaticvenous pressure gradient Variceal bleeding Prognosis

Sex-specific effects of inbreeding and early ife conditions on the adult oxidative balance

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 631-639页

作者： Raissa Anna DE BOER David COSTANTINI giulia CASASOLE Hamada ABDELGAWAD Han ASARD Marcel EENS Wendt MIJLLER Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group University of Antwerp Antwerp B2610 Belgium ComEU Sorbonnes Universites UMR 7221 CNRS/MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle France University of Antwerp and Integrated Molecular Plant physiology Research Antwerp B2020 Belgium Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Beni-Suef Beni-Suef Egypt

Inbreeding negatively affects various life-history traits, with inbred individuals typically having lower fit- ness than outbred individuals （=inbreeding depression）. Inbreeding depression is often emphasized under environmental stress, but the underlying mechanisms and potential long-lasting consequences of such inbreeding-environment interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that inbreeding-environment interactions that occur early in life have long-term physiological effects, in partic- ular on the adult oxidative balance. We applied a unique experimental design to manipulate early life conditions of inbred and outbred songbirds （Serinus canaria） that allowed us to separate prenatal and postnatal components of early life conditions and their respective importance in inbreeding-environment interactions. We measured a wide variety of markers of oxidative status in adulthood, resulting in a com- prehensive account for oxidative balance. Using a Bayesian approach with Markov chain Monte Carlo, we found clear sex-specific effects and we also found only in females small yet significant long-term effects of inbreeding-environment interactions on adult oxidative balance. Postnatal components of early life conditions were most persuasively reflected on adult oxidative balance, with inbred females that experienced disadvantageous postnatal conditions upregulating enzymatic antioxidants in adulthood. Our study provides some evidence that adult oxidative balance can reflect inbreeding-environment inter- actions early in life, but given the rather small effects that were limited to females, we conclude that oxida- tive stress miaht have a limited role as mechanism underlvina *** ***.q_

关键词： canary maternal effects gene-environment interactions hatching asynchrony.

Use of bio-based products towards more sustainable road paving binders: A state-of-the-art review

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 151-162页

作者： Alessio Musco giulia Tarsi Piergiorgio Tataranni Ernesto Salzano Cesare Sangiorgi Department of Civil ChemicalEnvironmental and Materials Engineering(DICAM)Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBologna 40131Italy

Many industrial sectors exploit fossil sources to develop useful and necessary materials for our needs,such as bituminous paving ***,a key component of asphalt mixtures,is derived from oil refining and its properties are influenced by the crude oil source and refining process,resulting in a significant carbon *** growing awareness of resource depletion and environmental concerns,pavement researchers are exploring sustainable alternatives to reduce dependence on fossil *** includes a rising trend in using renewable materials like biomasses to produce bio-based binders as substitutes for bitumen,aiming for a more sustainable ***,including vegetal and animal wastes,and waste cooking oils,as substitutes for crude oil in the production of *** thermochemical conversion(TCC),such as pyrolysis,biomasses can be converted into bio-char and bio-oils,which can replace fossil-based components in *** have utilized these bio-products to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels in ***,there are no set minimum requirements for bio-components in bio-based *** the percentage of replaced bitumen increases,various types of binders are produced,including modified bitumen,extended bitumen,and alternative binders,where the fossil replacement is *** rheological tests on bio-binders,reveal that those containing biochar exhibit increased viscosity,stiffness,rutting resistance,and sometimes antioxidant ***,bio-binders with bio-oils as bitumen substitutes show poorer performance at high temperatures but improved behavior at low *** results suggest that bio-binders could provide versatile solutions for various climatic and loading conditions in road ***,the development of pavement mixtures based on bio-binders has not been studied in depth and requires further attention to unlock its full *** sustainability considerations,includin

关键词： Biomass Chemical process Bitumen replacement Bio-binder Paving material