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Mode.ing Surface.Wate. Availability for irrigation De.e.opme.t in Mbarali Rive. Sub-Catchme.t Mbe.a, Tanzania

Journal of Ge.scie.ce.and e.vironme.t Prote.tion 2022年第4期10卷 1-14页

作者： Mose. Maze.go gislar e. kifan.i e.mund Mutayoba Nye.o Chilagane De.artme.t of Civil e.gine.ring College of Engineering and Technology Mbeya University of Science and Technology Mbeya Tanzania De.artme.t of Wate. Supply and irrigation e.gine.ring Water Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tanzania Re.e.rch and Conse.vation Organization Morogoro Tanzania

Although Tanzania has a large.land suitable.for irrigation de.e.opme.t, only 4.2% of the.arable.land which is pote.tial for irrigation has be.n de.e.ope.. Mbarali District is characte.ize. by comme.cial and small-scale.irrigation activitie. for paddy production. Curre.tly, surface.wate. availability for irrigation in Mbarali District is dwindling due.to high wate. de.ands. inade.uate.studie. that e.timate.wate. availability for irrigation is one.of the.unde.lying factors to the.lack of irrigation de.e.opme.t in many parts of Tanzania including in Mbarali District. This study, the.e.ore. aime. to mode. surface.wate. availability for irrigation de.e.opme.t in Mbarali Rive. sub-catchme.t Mbe.a, Tanzania. The.Soil and Wate. Analysis Tool (SWAT) mode. and fie.d obse.vations we.e.use. to accomplish the.study. The.mode. e.timate. that Mbarali Rive. sub-catchme.t re.e.ve. about 631 mm of total me.n pre.ipitation annually. About 53% of re.e.ve. pre.ipitation is lost through e.apotranspiration, 12% re.harge. to de.p aquife. and the.re.aining 35% discharge. to the.stre.m flow through surface.runoff, late.al flow and re.urn flow from unconfine. aquife.. Discharge.to the.ste.m flow contribute. to the.total annual me.ns of rive. discharge.ranging from 0 - 10 cubic me.e.s pe. se.ond at uppe. catchme.t to 120 - 140 cubic me.e.s pe. se.ond at lowe. catchme.t. The.study re.omme.ds that the.lowe. re.ch of the.Mbarali Rive. sub-catchme.t is pote.tial for irrigation than the.uppe. re.ch as it has pote.tial rive. flow that can support irrigation activitie.. The.study also note. the.urge.t ne.d for wate. re.llocation plan to me.t compe.ing wate. ne.ds in the.lowe. re.ch of Mbarali Rive. sub-catchme.t. More.ve., the.study addre.se. the.pote.tiality of irrigation in uppe. catchme.t unde. sustainable.wate. manage.e.t practice. including e.cavation of small ponds to capture.and store.surface.runoff for dry se.son use.or to supple.e.t irrigation as the.rainfall de.line..

关键词： irrigation Mbarali Rive. Sub-Catchme.t Surface.Wate. Availability SWAT

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Stochastic Mode.ling of Gre.t Le.aba Rive. Flow Proce.s

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Journal of Ge.scie.ce.and e.vironme.t Prote.tion 2019年第6期7卷 42-54页

作者： gislar e. kifan.i Julius M. Ndambuki Samue. N. Odai Charle. Gyamfi De.artme.t of Civil e.gine.ring Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa De.artme.t of Civil e.gine.ring Mbeya University of Science and Technology Mbeya Tanzania De.artme.t of Civil e.gine.ring Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Re.ional Wate. and e.vironme.tal Sanitation Ce.te. Kumasi Ghana

A stochastic approach is pre.e.te. in vie. that a time.se.ie. mode.ling is achie.e. through an Autore.re.sive.Moving Ave.age.(ARMA) mode.. The.applicability of the.ARMA mode. is the. furthe. pre.e.te. using the.Gre.t Le.aba Rive. as a case.study. Rive. flow discharge.for 25 ye.rs (1989-2014) for the.Gre.t Le.aba Rive. was obtaine. from the.De.artme.t of Wate. and Sanitation, South Africa and analyse. by Autore.re.sive.(AR), Autore.re.sive.Moving Ave.age.(ARMA) and Autore.re.sive.inte.rate. Moving Ave.age.(ARiMA) mode.s. Monte.Carlo simulation approach was use. to ge.e.ate.fore.asts of the.ARiMA e.ror mode. for the.ne.t 25 ye.rs. initial mode. ide.tification was done.using the.Autocorre.ation function (ACF) and Partial Autocorre.ation function (PACF). The.mode. analysis and e.aluations provide. prope. pre.ictions of the.rive. syste.. The.mode.s re.e.le. some.de.re. of corre.ation and se.sonality be.aviour with de.re.sing rive. flow. He.ce. in conclusion, the.Gre.t Le.aba Rive. flow has shown a de.re.sing tre.d and the.e.ore. should be.e.fe.tive.y use. for sustainable.future.de.e.opme.t.

关键词： Mode.ling Gre.t Le.aba Rive. South Africa Stochastic Flow Proce.s

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Asse.sme.t of Climate.Change.s impacts on Rive. Flows in the.Songwe.Sub-Basin

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Ope. Journal of Mode.n Hydrology 2023年第2期13卷 141-164页

作者： Lupakisyo G. Mwalwiba gislar e. kifan.i e.mund Mutayoba Julius M. Ndambuki Nye.o Chilagane Colle.e.of e.gine.ring and Te.hnology Mbeya University of Science and Technology Mbeya Tanzania De.artme.t of irrigation and Wate. Supply e.gine.ring Water Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tshwane.Unive.sity of Te.hnology Pretoria South Africa Tanzania Re.e.rch and Conse.vation Organization Morogoro Tanzania

Rive. flow in the.Songwe.sub-basin is pre.icte. to alte. due.to climate.change. which would have.an impact on aquatic habitats, infrastructure. and pe.ple.s way of life. The.e.ore. the.influe.ce.of climate.change.should be.take. into account whe. making de.isions about the.sustainable.manage.e.t of wate. re.ource. in the.sub-basin. This study looke. into how rive. discharge.would re.ct to climate.change.in the.future. By contrasting hydrological characte.istics simulate. unde. historical climate.(1981-2010) with proje.te. climate.(2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100) unde. two e.ission sce.arios, the.e.fe.ts of climate.change.on rive. flow we.e.e.aluate. (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). The.e.se.ble.ave.age.of four CORDe. re.ional climate.mode.s was built to addre.s the.issue.of unce.tainty introduce. by the.climate.mode.s. The.SWAT mode. was force.calibrate. using the.re.ults from the.ge.e.ate. e.se.ble.ave.age.for the.RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 e.ission sce.arios in orde. to mimic the.rive. flow during past (1981-2010) and future.(2011-2100) e.e.ts. The.incre.se.in rive. flows for the.Songwe.sub-basin is pre.icte. to be.large.t during the.rainy se.son by both the.RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 sce.arios. Unde. RCP 8.5, the.abrupt de.re.se.in rive. flow is anticipate. to re.ch its maximum in March 2037, whe. the.discharge.will be.44.84 m3/se., and in March 2027, whe. the.discharge.will be.48 m3/se.. The.e.tre.e.surge.in rive. flow will pe.k, according to the.RCA4, in Fe.ruary 2023, in April 2083 unde. RCP 4.5, and, according to the.CCLM4 and RCA4, in Nove.be. 2027 and Nove.be. 2046, re.pe.tive.y. The.e.pe.te. de.re.se.and incre.se.in rive. flow throughout both the.dry and we. se.sons may have.an impact on the.manage.e.t of the.sub-wate. basin’s re.ource., biodive.sity, and hydraulic structure.. The.right adaptations and mitigation strate.ie. should be.adopte. in orde. to le.se. the.ne.ative.conse.ue.ce. of climate.change.on pre.ipitation, te.pe.ature. and rive. flow in t

关键词： Climate.Change Climate.Mode.s Songwe.Rive. Sub-Basin Rive. Flow SWAT

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