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Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital,Ethiopia

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1889-1902页

作者： Dereje Abebe Regassa Gebeyaw Arega Berihun Bisrat Fikadu Habtu Woyesa Beyene Haile Rahel Shumi Nagaash girum tesfaye kiya Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Wolkite UniversityWolkite 11330Ethiopia School of Medical Laboratory Sciences Jimma UniversityJimma 47Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Dire Dawa UniversityDire Dawa 3000Ethiopia

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that has become a global public health problem with significant morbidity and *** is a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet activation and alterations in platelet ***,the use of platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation has not been fully evaluated in this context,and evidence for their role as predictors of poor glycemic status in diabetic patients is *** To evaluate platelet indices and determine their prognostic significance in relation to inadequate glucoregulation among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Bishoftu General Hospital in Ethiopia,from June 15 to August 12,*** A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 261 participants including 174 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and 87 non-diabetic *** systematic random sampling technique was used to select *** were collected using structured questionnaires,physical measurements,checklists,and laboratory *** parameters and fasting blood glucose levels were determined from blood samples using Sysmex-XN550 and CobasC311 analyzers,*** hematology analyzer output was checked and participants were also screened for malaria parasites using a prepared blood *** data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for ***χ^(2) test,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,post hoc test,Spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for analysis.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically *** The results of our study indicate that diabetic patients have significantly higher levels of platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet large cell ratio(PLCR),and plateletcrit(PCT)compared to healthy individuals(P<0.001).Furthermore,these indices were found to be significantly elevated in individuals

关键词： Platelet indices Type 2 diabetes mellitus Controls Adult Ethiopia

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Agricultural extension approach:evidence from an Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project in Ethiopia

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第4期7卷 427-439页

作者： Gerba LETA Steffen SCHULZ girum GETACHEWALEMU Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project Deutsche Gesellschaft für InternationaleZusammenarbeit(GIZ)GmbHSustainable Use of Rehabilitated Land for Economic Development(SURED)Addis Ababa 100009Ethiopia TMG-Thinktank for sustainability 53474 Bad Neuenahr-AhrweilerHauptsrasse 27BGermany

Agricultural extension is an approach to rural development and agricultural transformation in which training,demonstration and technology transfer are key to reducing rural poverty,ensuring food security,and sustainably managing natural *** recent decades,different extension approaches have been tested and validated by the Ethiopian government and nongovernmental organizations to stimulate participation in the agricultural extension system(AES).The most recent was a German-funded project entitled“Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project”(ISFM+),which employed a novel approach to piloting and upscaling proven technology and best *** purpose of this study was to analyze and document the modalities of ISFM+and illustrate its effects on technology uptake and *** study used a mixed methods approach to collect *** and SPSS were used for data management and *** Research and Extension Groups and Farmer Field Schools were found to be central to the participation ***,the ISFM+was found to aid technology transfer and helped to increase grain and residue yields as well as farmer *** on these empirical findings,it is argued that the ISFM+approach and technology should be integrated and institutionalized in the mainstream AES in order to promote their extensive application.

关键词： Ethiopia Farmer Field School Farmer Research and Extension Group governance institutionalization ISFM+ambassador participation

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Invasion and impacts of Xanthium strumarium in Borena Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第8期5卷 350-355页

作者： Nigussie Seboka Tadesse Amare Seifu Assefa Manaye Misganaw Motbaynor Edget Merawi Betsiha Ashenafi Ayenew Hailu girum Faris Beyene tesfaye Bekele Hordofa Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute Genetic Resource Access and Benefit Sharing DirectorateAddis AbabaEthiopia

Objective: To assess the impacts, mode of entry, trends, status, distribution and management practices of Xanthium strumarium (X. strumarium) in Borena Zone of Oromia Region. Methods: Four study districts and eight kebeles (peasant associations) were purposively selected based on distribution level and data from agricultural offices. Then, randomly, eight key informants were selected from each kebele. Data were collected using semi-structured interview and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: All respondents (100%) acknowledged that X. strumarium highly invaded the study area and its spread was increasing both in time and space. According to respondents, X. strumarium was introduced to the area mainly along with improved seed varieties, food aid, flood, animals and vehicles, and easily dispersed by clinging to animal hides and human clothing. In the past time, X. strumarium caused high level of damage on native biodiversity and thus respondents worried that this might continue in the future. Similarly, respondents (98.4%) stated that X. strumarium was out of control in the study area and they recommended further investigation by concerned body to control the spread. Conclusions: In conclusion, X. strumarium is spreading rapidly in the study area by threatening native biodiversity and adversely affecting agroeconomy of the farmers and the country. Therefore, it needs the effort of all concerned bodies to control the impacts.

关键词： Xanthium strumarium Invasive Biodiversity Impact

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dCACH: Content Aware Clustered and Hierarchical Distributed Deduplication

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2019年第11期12卷 460-490页

作者： girum Dagnaw Ke Zhou Hua Wang Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Wuhan China

In deduplication, index-lookup disk bottleneck is a major obstacle which limits the throughput of backup processes. One way to minimize the effect of this issue and boost speed is to use very high course-grained chunks for deduplication at a cost of low storage saving and limited scalability. Another way is to distribute the deduplication process among multiple nodes but this approach introduces storage node island effect and also incurs high communication cost. In this paper, we explore dCACH, a content-aware clustered and hierarchical deduplication system, which implements a hybrid of inline course grained and offline fine-grained distributed deduplication where routing decisions are made for a set of files instead of single files. It utilizes bloom filters for detecting similarity between a data stream and previous data streams and performs stateful routing which solves the storage node island problem. Moreover, it exploits the negligibly small amount of content shared among chunks from different file types to create groups of files and deduplicate each group in their own fingerprint index space. It implements hierarchical deduplication to reduce the size of fingerprint indexes at the global level, where only files and big sized segments are deduplicated. Locality is created and exploited first using the big sized segments deduplicated at the global level and second by routing a set of consecutive files together to one storage node. Furthermore, the use of bloom filter for similarity detection between streams has low communication and computation cost while it enables to achieve duplicate elimination performance comparable to single node deduplication. dCACH is evaluated using a prototype deployed on a server environment distributed over four separate machines. It is shown to have 10× the speed of Extreme_Binn with a minimal communication overhead, while its duplicate elimination effectiveness is on a par with a single node deduplication system.

关键词： Clustered Deduplication Content Aware Grouping Hierarchical Deduplication Stateful Routing Similarity Bloom Filters

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Influence of Non-uniform Elevated Temperature on the Structural Stability and Strength of Gypsum-Sheathed Cold-Formed Steel Beam Channel Members

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第6期15卷 285-293页

作者： Elias Ali Kermelos Woldeyes girum Urgessa Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleAL 35805USA Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Civil Environmental and Infrastructural EngineeringGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA

The objective of this paper is to computationally explore the structural stability and strength of gypsum-protected CFS(cold-formed steel)beam channel sections under non-uniform elevated temperatures when exposed to standard fire on one side of the panel and subjected to pure *** a CFS member is subjected to fire(or thermal gradients)its material properties change-but this change happens around the cross-section and along the length creating a member which is potentially non-uniform and unsymmetrical in its response even if the apparent geometry is uniform and *** finite element models were analyzed in ABAQUS to establish steady-state thermal gradients of *** test data were utilized to develop the temperature dependence of the stress-strain *** time-dependent temperature distribution on the cross-sections obtained from heat transfer analysis was later used in the stability and collapse *** stability of the models was explored to characterize how local,distortional,and global buckling of the member evolves under both uniform and non-uniform temperature ***,collapse simulations were performed to characterize the strength under pure bending and explore directly the evolution of strength under the influence of non-uniform temperature.

关键词： CFS non-uniform temperature distribution stability collapse moment

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Current Status, and Correlates of Abortion among Rural Women of Gonji Kollela District, Northwest Ethiopia

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2015年第2期5卷 136-146页

作者： girum Meseret Molla Gedefaw Resom Berhe Adane Nigusie Department of Public Health Gonji Kolella Health Office West Gojjam Amhara Region Ethiopia GAMBY College of Medical Sciences Bahir Dar Ethiopia Health Education Unit Institute of Public Health College of Medicine and Health Science University of Gonder Gonder Ethiopia

Background: Evidences indicate that unsafe abortion is one of the most important causes of maternal mortality in Ethiopia. Ethiopia strives to curb maternal mortality. Hence, current data on abortion, and its correlates are required. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of abortion among women of reproductive age (15 - 49 years) in rural kebeles of Gonji Kolela District. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 611 women in six rural kebeles of Gonji Kolela District, Northwest Ethiopia. A structured pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic and obstetric histories. The data were checked for completeness and cross-checked for accuracy and consistency. Result: The overall prevalence of abortion was 12% (10.9% spontaneous and 1.1% induced). Of these, 12.3% of them had experienced abortion more than once. Most of abortion took place at home, no medical care. The most important predictor of abortion was educational status. Those women whose educational attainment was primary and above were 2.4 times more likely to experience abortion than those who were not able to read and write (AOR [95%CI] = 2.4 [1.13 - 5.10]). Most women attributed abortion to work overload. Conclusion: Abortion is high among rural women. Recommendation: Mechanism should be devised to educate the community about care to pregnant women. Why abortion is high among women who have visited school warrants further research.

关键词： Unsafe Abortion Family Planning North West Ethiopia

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Development of laser-based heart sound detection system

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第1期5卷 34-37页

作者： Jing Bai girum Sileshi Glenn Nordehn Stanley Burns Lorentz Wittmers 不详

In this paper, we demonstrate the prototype of a new stethoscope using laser technology to make the heart-beat signal “visible”. This heartbeat detection technique could overcome the limitation of the acoustic stethoscope brought by the poor ability of human ear to hear low frequency heart sounds. This is important, as valuable information from sub-audio sounds is present at frequencies below the range of human hearing. Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy of the acoustic stethoscope is also very sensitive to noise from immediate environment. In the prototype of laser-based stethoscope, the heartbeat signal is correlated to the optical spot of a laser beam reflected from a thin mirror attached to the patient’s chest skin. The motion of the mirror with the chest skin is generated by the heart sounds. A linear optical sensor is applied to detect and record the motion of the optical spot, from which the heartbeat signal in time-domain is extracted. The heartbeat signal is then transformed to frequency domain through digital signal processing. Both time-domain and frequency-domain signals are analyzed in order to classify different type of heart murmurs. In the prototype of the laser-based stethoscope, we use a heart-sound box to simulate the chest of a human being. The heart-sounds collected from real patients are applied to activate the vibration of the heart-sound box. We also analyze different heart murmur patterns based on the time-domain and frequency-domain heartbeat signals acquired from the optical system.

关键词： Heart Sound Detection Stethoscope Laser

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云备份系统中闪存辅助分段式布隆过滤器的研究

云备份系统中闪存辅助分段式布隆过滤器的研究

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作者：吉音（girum Dagnaw Dubale）华中科技大学

学位级别：硕士

为了能够在网络带宽较低或中等的区域实现云备份应用，网络上传输的数据量应越低越好，通过对备份数据使用重复数据删除技术，能够显著降低网络传输数据量。重复数据删除的方法很多，其中一个解决方案是将文件切分成比较小的片段，这需... 详细信息

为了能够在网络带宽较低或中等的区域实现云备份应用，网络上传输的数据量应越低越好，通过对备份数据使用重复数据删除技术，能够显著降低网络传输数据量。重复数据删除的方法很多，其中一个解决方案是将文件切分成比较小的片段，这需要使用到大布隆过滤器。在空间/时间效率方面，布隆过滤器相比其他数据结构具有明显的优势。但布隆过滤器在哈希函数个数增加或者它装载的元素个数增加时，误判率会有升高的趋势。由于云备份系统重复数据删除将产生大量指纹，若布隆过滤器的长度较小则会产生较高的误判率，长度增大则会增加内存消耗。针对如何降低内存消耗，提高重复数据删除的整体性能，本文提出了一种闪存辅助分段式的布隆过滤器（FASBF）方法，即在大规模云备份系统中将布隆过滤器部署在SSD上。由于SSD没有机械磁头，因此其读速度很快;而分段式的布隆过滤器则可以方便划分存储空间。在本文的方法中，布隆过滤器全部保存在SSD中，只有部分保存在RAM中。保存在RAM中的部分布隆过滤器的大小决定了整个应用的RAM空间消耗。当部分分段式布隆过滤器阵列（PSBFA）大小占整个分段式布隆过滤器阵列（FSBFA）大小的一半时，应用的内存消耗就减少为原来的一半。本文使用三种方法优化了重复数据删除的数据检索过程：首先布隆过滤器的长度可以充分大，其次可以使用更多的哈希函数来减少误判率，最后由于布隆过滤器占用的内存空间减少，内存中可以缓存更多的指纹，这将极大地减少由误判率导致的磁盘I/O开销。为了最大化利用SSD，文件和数据块的指纹哈希桶（在初始状态时）部分被保存在SSD上，而随着布隆过滤器的增大，SSD上分配给指纹哈希桶的空间将逐渐减少，这时将会把哈希桶保存到磁盘上。本文基于一个云备份系统，对FASBF方法进行了原型实现及性能测试。结果表明本方法能够节省可观的内存空间，同时又能达到100MB/S左右的备份吞吐率。

关键词：分段式布隆过滤器固态盘云备份

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