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Management strategies of Barrett's esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第43期18卷 6216-6225页

作者： giovanni D De Palma Department of General Geriatric Oncologic Surgery and Advanced Technologies Center of Excellence for Technical Innovation in Surgery University of Naples Federico II 80131 Naples Italy

Barrett's esophagus is a condition resulting from chronic gastro-esophageal reflux disease with a documented risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Current strategies for improved survival in patients with Barrett's adenocarcinoma focus on detection of dysplasia. This can be obtained by screening programs in high-risk cohorts of patients and/or endoscopic biopsy surveillance of patients with known Barrett's esophagus (BE). several therapies have been developed in attempts to reverse BE and reduce cancer risk. Aggressive medical management of acid reflux, lifestyle modifications, antireflux surgery, and endoscopic treatments have been recommended for many patients with BE. Whether these interventions are cost-effective or reduce mortality from esophageal cancer remains controversial. Current treatment requires combinations of endoscopic mucosal resection techniques to eliminate visible lesions followed by ablation of residual metaplastic tissue. Esophagectomy is currently indicated in multifocal high-grade neoplasia or mucosal Barrett's carcinoma which cannot be managed by endoscopic approach.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Diagnosis Management strategies Esophagectomy Esophageal adenocarcinoma

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields stimulation modulates autoimmunity and immune responses：a possible immuno-modulatory therapeutic effect in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第12期11卷 1888-1895页

作者： Fabio Guerriero giovanni Ricevuti Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy Section of Geriatrics University of Pavia Pavia Italy Azienda di servizi alia Persona Istituto di Cura Santa Margherita of Pavia Pavia Italy

Increasing evidence shows that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields（ELF-EMFs） stimulation is able to exert a certain action on autoimmunity and immune cells. In the past, the efficacy of pulsed ELFEMFs in alleviating the symptoms and the progression of multiple sclerosis has been supported through their action on neurotransmission and on the autoimmune mechanisms responsible for demyelination. Regarding the immune system, ELF-EMF exposure contributes to a general activation of macrophages, resulting in changes of autoimmunity and several immunological reactions, such as increased reactive oxygen species-formation, enhanced phagocytic activity and increased production of chemokines. Transcranial electromagnetic brain stimulation is a non-invasive novel technique used recently to treat different neurodegenerative disorders, in particular Alzheimer＇s disease. Despite its proven value, the mechanisms through which EMF brain-stimulation exerts its beneficial action on neuronal function remains unclear. Recent studies have shown that its beneficial effects may be due to a neuroprotective effect on oxidative cell damage. On the basis of in vitro and clinical studies on brain activity, modulation by ELF-EMFs could possibly counteract the aberrant pro-inflammatory responses present in neurodegenerative disorders reducing their severity and their onset. The objective of this review is to provide a systematic overview of the published literature on EMFs and outline the most promising effects of ELF-EMFs in developing treatments of neurodegenerative disorders. In this regard, we review data supporting the role of ELF-EMF in generating immune-modulatory responses, neuromodulation, and potential neuroprotective benefits. Nonetheless, we reckon that the underlying mechanisms of interaction between EMF and the immune system are still to be completely understood and need further studies at a molecular level.

关键词： electromagnetic fields Alzheimer's disease transcranial magnetic stimulation autoimmunity immunomodulation

Crucial steps in the natural history of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3790-3799页

作者： giovanni Latella Claudio Papi Gastroenterology Unit Department of Internal Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of L'Aquila67100 L'AquilaItaly Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit S.Filippo Neri Hospital00135 RomeItaly

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),including ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD),are chronic,progressive and disabling *** the last few decades,new therapeutic approaches have been introduced which have led not only to a reduction in the mortality rate but also offered the possibility of a favorable modification in the natural history of *** identification of clinical,genetic and serological prognostic factors has permitted a better stratification of the disease,thus allowing the opportunity to indicate the most appropriate *** treatment with immunosuppressive drugs and biologics has offered the opportunity to change,at least in the short term,the course of the disease by reducing,in a subset of patients with IBD,hospitalization and the need for *** this review,the crucial steps in the natural history of both UC and CD will be discussed,as well as the factors that may change their clinical *** methodological requirements for high quality studies on the course and prognosis of IBD,the true impact of environmental and dietary factors on the clinical course of IBD,the clinical,serological and genetic predictors of the IBD course(in particular,which of these are rel-evant and appropriate for use in clinical practice),the impact of the various forms of medical treatment on the IBD complication rate,the role of surgery for IBD in the biologic era,the true magnitude of risk of colorectal cancer associated with IBD,as well as the mortality rate related to IBD will be stressed;all topics that are extensively discussed in separate reviews included in this issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Natural history Clinical course Complications Therapy surgery Mortality

Automated mixing of maximally localized Wannier functions into target manifolds

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 229-237页

作者： Junfeng Qiao giovanni Pizzi Nicola Marzari Theory and simulations of Materials(THEOs) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Laboratory for Materials simulations(LMs) Paul Scherrer Institut(PSI)CH-5232 Villigen PSISwitzerland

Maximally localized Wannier functions(MLWFs)are widely used in electronic-structure *** have recently developed automated approaches to generate MLWFs that represent natural tight-binding sets of atomic-like orbitals;these describe accurately both the occupied states and the complementary unoccupied *** many applications,it is required to use MLWFs that describe instead certain target groups of bands:the valence or the conduction bands,or correlated ***,we start from these tight-binding sets of MLWFs,and mix them using a combination of parallel transport and maximal localization to construct manifold-remixed Wannier functions(MRWFs):these are orthogonal sets of MLWFs that fully and only span desired target *** algorithm is simple and robust,and is showcased here in reference applications(silicon,Mos_(2),and srVO_(3))and in a mid-throughput study of 77 insulators.

关键词： maximal bands occupied

Groups Whose Proper subgroups of Infinite Rank Have Polycyclic Conjugacy Classes

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第2期22卷 181-188页

作者： Francesco de giovanni Marco Trombetti Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni Universita di Napoli Federico II Complesso Universitario Monte s. Angelo Via Cintia I- 80126 Napoli Italy

A group G is called a PC-group if the factor group G/CG（〈X）^G） is polycyclic for each element x of G. It is proved here that if G is a group of infinite rank whose proper subgroups of infinite rank have the property PC, then G itself is a PC-group, provided that G has an abelian non-trivial homomorphic image. Moreover, under the same assumption, a complete classification of minimal non-PC groups is obtained.

关键词： PC-group minimal non-PC group group of infinite rank

Groups with Finitely Many Homomorphic Images of Finite Rank

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Algebra Colloquium 2016年第2期23卷 181-187页

作者： Francesco de giovanni Alessio Russo Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni Universitg di Napoli Federico II Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia 1-80126 Napoli Italy Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Seconda Universitg di Napoli Via Lincoln 5 1-81100 Caserta Italy

A group is called a Cernikov group if it is abelian-by-finite and satisfies the minimal condition on subgroups. A new characterization of Cernikov groups is given here, by proving that in a suitable large class of generalised soluble groups they coincide with the groups having only finitely many homomorphic images of finite rank （up to isomorphisms） and admitting an ascending normal series whose factors have finite rank.

关键词： Prufer rank Cernikov group homomorphic image

A Novel Iterative Penalty Method to Enforce Boundary Conditions in FiniteVolume POD-Galerkin Reduced Order Models for Fluid Dynamics Problems

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Communications in Computational Physics 2021年第6期30卷 34-66页

作者： s.Kelbij star giovanni stabile Francesco Belloni Gianluigi Rozza Joris Degroote sCK CEN Institute for Advanced Nuclear SystemsBoeretang 2002400MolBelgium Ghent University Department of ElectromechanicalSystems and Metal EngineeringSint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41B-9000 GhentBelgium sIssA International School for Advanced StudiesMathematics AreamathLabvia Bonomea 26534136 TriesteItaly

A Finite-Volume based POD-Galerkin reduced ordermodel is developed for fluid dynamics problems where the(time-dependent)boundary conditions are controlled using two different boundary control strategies:the lifting function method,whose aim is to obtain homogeneous basis functions for the reduced basis space and the penalty method where the boundary conditions are enforced in the reduced order model using a penalty *** penalty method is improved by using an iterative solver for the determination of the penalty factor rather than tuning the factor with a sensitivity analysis or numerical *** boundary control methods are compared and tested for two cases:the classical lid driven cavity benchmark problem and a Y-junction flow case with two inlet channels and one outlet *** results show that the boundaries of the reduced order model can be controlled with the boundary control methods and the same order of accuracy is achieved for the velocity and pressure ***,the reduced order models are 270-308 times faster than the full ordermodels for the lid driven cavity test case and 13-24 times for the Y-junction test case.

关键词： Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Navier-stokes equations Galerkin projection penalty method lifting function method iterative method

Integration between Genomic and Computational statistical surveys for the screening of sNP Genetic Variants in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Pediatric Patients*

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Computational Molecular Bioscience 2024年第3期14卷 146-191页

作者： Dago Dougba Noel Koffi N’Guessan Bénédicte sonia Dagnogo Olefongo Daramcoum Wentoin Alimata Marie-Pierre Mauro Giacomelli Dagnogo Dramane Eboulé Ago Eliane Rebecca Yao saraka Didier Martial Diarrassouba Nafan giovanni Malerba Raffaele Badolato Department of Clinical and Experimental sciences University of Brescia Brescia Italy Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine Childrens Hospital ASST Spedali Civili Brescia Italy Unit of Biostatistics and Biomathematics & Unit of Bioinformatics Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of Brescia Brescia Italy Biological sciences Training and Research Unit Department of Genetic and Biochemistry Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences Section of Biology and Genetics University of Verona Verona Italy Biosciences Training and Research Unit Biology and Health Laboratory Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are complex multifactorial disorders that include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Considering that IBD is a genetic and multifactorial disease, we screened for the distribution dynamism of IBD pathogenic genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms;sNPs) and risk factors in four (4) IBD pediatric patients, by integrating both clinical exome sequencing and computational statistical approaches, aiming to categorize IBD patients in CD and UC phenotype. To this end, we first aligned genomic read sequences of these IBD patients to hg19 human genome by using bowtie 2 package. Next, we performed genetic variant calling analysis in terms of single nucleotide polymorphism (sNP) for genes covered by at least 20 read genomic sequences. Finally, we checked for biological and genomic functions of genes exhibiting statistically significant genetic variant (sNPs) by introducing Fitcon genomic parameter. Findings showed Fitcon parameter as normalizing IBD patient’s population variability, as well as inducing a relative good clustering between IBD patients in terms of CD and UC phenotypes. Genomic analysis revealed a random distribution of risk factors and as well pathogenic sNPs genetic variants in the four IBD patient’s genome, claiming to be involved in: i) Metabolic disorders, ii) Autoimmune deficiencies;iii) Crohn’s disease pathways. Integration of genomic and computational statistical analysis supported a relative genetic variability regarding IBD patient population by processing IBD pathogenic sNP genetic variants as opposite to IBD risk factor variants. Interestingly, findings clearly allowed categorizing IBD patients in CD and UC phenotypes by applying Fitcon parameter in selecting IBD pathogenic genetic variants. Considering as a whole, the study suggested the efficiency of integrating clinical exome sequencing and computational statistical tools as a right approach in discriminating IBD phenotypes as well as improvi

关键词： Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Crohn Disease (CD) Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Clinical Exome Analysis Computational statistic sNP Genetic Variants

Together We stand-Analyzing schooling Behavior in Naive Newborn Guppies through Biorobotic Predators

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第1期17卷 174-184页

作者： Donato Romano Hadeel Elayan giovanni Benelli Cesare stefanini The BioRobotics Institute Sant'Anna School of Advanced StudiesPontederaPisa 56025Italy Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center(HEIC) Khalifa UniversityAbu DhabiPO Box 127788United Arab Emirates Department of Excellence in Robotics&A.I. Sant'Anna School of Advanced StudiesPisa 56127Italy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoON M5SCanada Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisa 56124Italy

A major advantage of animal aggregations concerns cooperative antipredator *** behavior emerges earlier in many fish species,especially in those cannibalizing their *** is fundamental for developing schooling ***,the cognitive ability of naive newborn fish to aggregate remains ***,Poecilia reticulata,was selected as model organism to investigate how combinations of biomimetic robotic agents and adult conspecific olfactory cues affect collective responses in *** role of white and brown backgrounds in evoking aggregations was also *** cues were sufficient for triggering aggregations in *** newborns,although robotic agents had a higher influence on the group *** combination of robotic agents and olfactory cues increased schooling behavior ***,schooling was longer in the escape compartment when robotic agents were presented,except for the combination of the male-mimicking robotic fish plus adult guppy olfactory cues,with longer schooling behavior in the exploring *** of the tested cues,newborn fish aggregated preferentially on the brown areas of the ***,this research provides novel insights on the early collective cognitive ability of newborn fish,paving the way to the use of biomimetic robots in behavioral ecology experiments,as substitutes for real predators.

关键词： animal-robot interaction technology bio-hybrid intelligent systems antipredator strategy group behavior Poecilia reticulata