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Hepatitis c virus micro-elimination:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第16期27卷 1728-1737页

作者： Alessandra Mangia Rosa cotugno giovanna cocomazzi Maria Maddalena Squillante Valeria Piazzolla Liver Unit Department of Medical SciencesIRCCS Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaSan Giovanni Rotondo 71013FgItaly

Hepatitis c virus (HcV) elimination by 2030, using direct-acting antiviraltreatments, has been promoted by the World Health Organization. Thisachievement is not attainable, however, particularly after the 2020 pandemic ofthe coronavirus disease 2019. consequently, the more realistic objective ofeliminating HcV from population segments for which targeted strategies ofprevention and treatment are easily attained has been promoted in Europe, as avalid alternative. The underlying idea is that micro-elimination will ultimatelylead to macro-elimination. The micro-elimination strategy may target differentspecific populations and at-risk groups. Different settings, including prisons andhospitals, have also been identified as micro-elimination scenarios. In addition,dedicated micro-elimination strategies have been designed that are tailored at thegeographical level according to HcV epidemiology and individual country’sincome. The main elements of a valid and successful micro-elimination project arereliable epidemiological data and active involvement of all the *** involvement represents another essential component for a successfulprogram.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus antibodies Hepatitis c virus elimination Hepatitis c virus epidemiology Hepatitis c virus RNA Hepatitis c virus diagnosis Hepatitis c virus infection

The Effect of Infrared Light’s Power on the Infrared Spectra of Thin Films

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World Journal of condensed Matter Physics 2019年第1期9卷 1-21页

作者： giovanna Scarel Eric c. Stevens Department of Physics and Astronomy James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Centennial Campus Raleigh NC USA

There are numerous evidences that a relationship exists between the average power P of electromagnetic waves and the mechanical motion of the objects interacting with them. We investigate the effects of infrared (IR) light’s average power P on the transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of thin cubic Yb2O3 and rhombohedral LaAlO3 films deposited on silicon via atomic layer deposition. We find that different values of P of the IR light displace the minima of the absorption bands. This effect is reproducible in different sets of experiments and in different spectrometers. To interpret the experimental findings, we use the law of conservation of energy. We find a correlation among the energy of the IR waves and the number, moment of inertia, and vibrational/rotational frequency of the bonds involved in the vibrational or rotational motion. The law of conservation of energy unveils that larger values of P of the IR light and lower wavenumbers of the resonances involve a larger number of crystal bonds. One practical application of our approach is that it suggests a way to improve the sensitivity of the FTIR spectra of thin crystalline films in the far IR region.

关键词： Infrared Power Vibrational Spectroscopy Atomic Layer Deposition

The intercultural city

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The intercultural city

Environmental parameters and tree physiology in two semiarid land use systems in Brazil

作者： Marconi giovanna Ostanel Elena

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 397-407页

作者： Marlete Moreira Mendes Ivanov claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Francisco Eden Fernandes Paiva Ana clara Rodrigues cavalcante Teogenes Senna de Oliveira Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal do Piaui Departamento de Engenharia Agricola Campus do PiciUniversidade Federal do Ceara Embrapa caprinos e Ovinos Departamento de Solos Universidade Federal de Vicosa

To determine if reduced tree densities(number of trees per unit area) lead to changes in micro-meteorological and tree physiological characteristics, two areas with different tree densities were assessed. One was an agrosilvopastoral system(AGP) with low tree density, and the other, a secondary forest(SF) with greater tree numbers, both located in a semiarid region of Brazil. Data were collected simultaneously by two automated weather stations: rainfall, air(T_a) and soil temperatures(T_(s5 cm)), relative humidity(RHair), photosynthetically active radiation(PAR), soil moisture at two depths(M_(s30 cm)and M_(s50 cm)),and wind velocity(Vw). Net photosynthesis in cordia oncocalyx Allema?o trees was measured with an infrared gas analyzer in February, March, May, July, August and September 2011, which encompasses a rainy period followed by a dry period. Average values of Ta, T_(s5 cm), Vwand PAR were greater and average values of RHairand M_(s50 cm) were lesser in the AGP. Photosynthetic rates were greater in plants growing under the AGP at the onset of the dry season when Vw, PAR and T_(s5 cm)were greater and M_(s50 cm) was lesser. Photosynthetic rates correlated strongly with physical parameters during the dry season, especially under SF. Differences in tree numbers between AGP and SF led to differences in physical environmental parameters;however, the latter had less influence on photosynthetic rates in c. oncocalyx during the rainy season. During the dry season, all physical parameters had an impact on net photosynthesis under SF but not under AGP. This indicates a certain independence of plants in AGP.

关键词： Agrosilvopastoral system Net photosynthesis Secondary forest Tree density

Novel virtual nasal endoscopy system based on computed tomography scans

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2022年第4期4卷 359-379页

作者： Fábio de O.SOUSA Daniel S.da SILVA Tarique da S.cavalcante Edson c.NETO Victor JoséT.GONDIM Ingrid c.NOGUEIRA Auzuir Ripardo de ALEXANDRIA Victor Hugo c.de ALBUQUERQUE Federal Institute of ceará-IFcE Telecommunication Engineering ProgramBrazil Graduate Program on Teleinformatics Engineering Federal University of CearáFortaleza/CEBrazil centro Universitário christus-Unichristus Brazil centro Universitário Sete de Setembro-Uni7 Brazil

Background currently,many simulator systems for medical procedures are under *** systems can provide new solutions for training,planning,and testing medical practices,improve performance,and optimize the time of the ***,to achieve the best results,certain premises must be followed and applied to the model under development,such as usability,control,graphics realism,and interactive and dynamic *** This study presents a system for simulating a medical examination procedure in the nasal cavity for training and research purposes,using a patient′s accurate computed tomography(cT)as a *** pathologies that are used as a guide for the development of the system are ***,an overview of current studies covering bench medical mannequins,3D printing,animals,hardware,software,and software that use hardware to boost user interaction,is ***,a comparison with similar state-of-the-art studies is *** The main result of this work is interactive gamification techniques to propose an experience of simulation of an immersive exam by identifying pathologies present in the nasal cavity such as hypertrophy of turbinates,septal deviation adenoid hypertrophy,nasal polyposis,and tumor.

关键词： Virtual nasal endoscopy computed tomography Gamification Endoscopy teaching

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Beyond the natural history

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第37期25卷 5676-5686页

作者： Salvatore Magrì Danilo Paduano Fabio chicco Arianna cingolani cristiana Farris giovanna Delogu Francesca Tumbarello Mariantonia Lai Alessandro Melis Laura casula Massimo c Fantini Paolo Usai Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of CagliariMonserrato 09042Italy Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome"Tor Vergata"Rome 00133Italy

BAcKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a frequently reported condition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Both intestinal inflammation and metabolic factors are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of IBDassociated *** To evaluate the prevalence of steatosis and liver fibrosis(LF)in a cohort of IBD patients and the identification of metabolic-and IBD-related risk factors for NAFLD and *** IBD patients were consecutively enrolled from December 2016 to January ***,anthropometric and biochemical data were collected so as eating *** ultrasound and transient elastography were performed to evaluate the presence of NAFLD and LF *** A total of 178 consecutive patients were enrolled and included in the analysis(95 Ulcerative colitis,83 crohn’s disease).NAFLD was detected by imaging in 72(40.4%)*** between patients with and without NAFLD showed no significant differences in terms of IBD severity,disease duration,location/extension,use of IBD-related medications(i.e.,steroids,anti-TNFs,and immunomodulators)and *** was significantly associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome[MetS;odds ratio(OR):4.13,P=0.001]and obesity defined by body mass index(OR:9.21,P=0.0002).IBD patients with NAFLD showed higher caloric intake and lipid consumption than those without NAFLD,regardless disease *** the multivariate analysis,male sex,advanced age and high lipid consumption were independent risk factors for the development of *** increased liver stiffness was detected in 21 patients(16%)and the presence of MetS was the only relevant factor associated to LF(OR:3.40,P=0.01).cONcLUSION In this study,we demonstrate that risk factors for NAFLD and LF in the IBD population do not differ from those in the general population.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Liver fibrosis Inflammatory bowel disease Risk factors Dietary habits

Nonselective beta-blocker use is associated with increased hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions in cirrhosis

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World Journal of clinical cases 2022年第23期10卷 8097-8106页

作者： Mohammad Amin Fallahzadeh Sumeet K Asrani Elliot B Tapper giovanna Saracino Robert S Rahimi Department of Internal Medicine Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTX 75246United States Division of Hepatology Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTX 75246United States Division of Hepatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States

BAcKGROUND Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a neurocognitive condition in cirrhosis leading to frequent *** beta-blockers(NSBBs)are the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment in cirrhotic *** hypothesized that since NSBBs decrease cardiac output and portal flow,the decreased metabolic filtering process of liver parenchyma may lead to increased HE-related *** To evaluate the impact of NSBB administration on HE-related readmissions in cirrhotic *** In this retrospective cohort study,we included 393 patients admitted to Baylor University Medical center for liver-related portal hypertension indications between January 2013 and July *** predictors of the first HErelated readmissions were identified using cox proportional hazards *** cumulative incidence of the first HE-related readmissions between patients receiving NSBBs and not receiving NSBBs was examined using Fine-Gray modeling to account for the competing risk of death or liver *** The mean age was 58.1±10.2 years and most patients fell into child class c(49.1%)or B(43.8%).The median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium score was 22(IQR:11).The cumulative incidence of the first HE-related readmissions was significantly higher in patients taking NSBBs compared to patients not receiving NSBBs(71.8%vs 41.8%,Pcs,markers of liver disease severity,selective beta-blocker,lactulose and rifaximin use,NSBB use[Hazard ratio:1.74(95%cI:1.29-2.34)]was independently associated with the first HE-related readmissions over a median follow-up of 3.8 *** NSBB use is independently associated with increased HE-related readmissions in patients with cirrhosis,regardless of liver disease severity.

关键词： Altered mental status Ascites Esophageal varices Liver disease Portal hypertension Hospitalization

Litter decomposition and nutrient release for two tropical N-fixing species in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 487-496页

作者： David Pessanha Siqueira giovanna campos Mamede Weiss de carvalho JoséGabriel de Souza Silva Marcos Vinicius Winckler caldeira Deborah Guerra Barroso Laboratório de Fitotecnia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroAvenida Alberto Lamego2000Campos dos GoytacazesRio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de ciências Florestais e da Madeira Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoAvenida Governador Lindenberg316Jerônimo MonteiroEspírito SantoBrazil Department of Geosciences and Natural Resources Management University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 23Frederisksberg CDenmark

Litter production and decomposition are critical to forest productivity,nutrient cycling,and carbon seques-tration in tropical woody ***,nutrient release and leaf litter stoichiometry in tropical legume tree plantations over the long term after outplanting are poorly understood or even *** improving our under-standing of the pattern of changes in the decomposition of N-fixing leaf litters and their possible impact on carbon stor-age,we measured litter production,mass loss and nutrient release for 240 d during litter decomposition for two tropical legume tree species(Plathymenia reticulata and Hymenaea courbaril),in Rio de Janeiro,*** production for *** was 5.689 kg ha^(−1) a^(−1) and 3.231 kg ha^(−1) a^(−1) for *** patterns of mass loss rates were similar;however,nutrient release was greater for ***,while *** showed immobilization of nutrients,especially for N,which increased by almost 20%in the early phase of decomposition followed by gradual *** from the N-fixing species did differ in nutrient chemistries over time,which was not surprising given that initial nutrient concentrations varied broadly,except for c and *** of the nutrient concentrations increased as the remaining litter mass decreased in both species,except for c and *** c:N and N:P ratios differed between the species,but N:P did not correlate to mass *** species had N-rich leaves,but *** decomposition was very likely P-limited,while *** seemed to be co-limited by N and *** results showed different patterns in nutrient release and the stoichi-ometry involved in the decomposition dynamics of the two tropical N-fixing species,even though they have similar litter decay *** species,but especially ***,may help re-establish nutrient cycling in disturbed ecosystems.

关键词： Nutrient dynamics Legume species Litter chemistry Ecological stoichiometry Tropical forest

Indian medicinal plants are effective in the treatment and management of cOVID-19

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BIOcELL 2023年第4期47卷 677-695页

作者： SUBHASH cHANDRA SANTWANA PALAI EDINARDO FAGNER FERREIRA-MATIAS IVO cavalcante PITA-NETO cÍcERO LUcAS GOMES-RAMALHO EDLANE MARTINS DE ANDRADE RAY SILVA DE ALMEIDA MARcELLO IRITI HENRIQUE DOUGLAS MELO-cOUTINHO Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry SGRR UniversityUttarakhand248001India Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry HNB Garhwal UniversitySrinagar246174India Department of Veterinary Pharmacology&Toxicology College of Veterinary Science and Animal HusbandryBhubaneswar751003India cEcAPE—college of Dentistry Juazeiro do Norte63050-203Brazil Department of Biological chemistry Regional University of CaririCrato63105-000Brazil Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilan20133Italy National Interuniversity consortium of Materials Science and Technology Florence50121Italy

Indian medicinal plants are referred to as the“nectar of life”owing to their phytochemicals and bioactive complexes that are beneficial in treating *** disease 2019(cOVID-19)is a global health issue without any proper *** indigenous plants of India can be exploited to control the precise signs of *** Ministry of AYUSH(Ayurveda,Yoga and Naturopathy,Unani,Siddha,and Homeopathy)has advised routine usage of medicinal plants for *** plants like Zingiber officinalis,Azadirachta indica,Ocimum sanctum,Nigella sativa,Withania somnifera,curcuma longa,Piper nigrum,Allium sativum,Tinospora cordifolia,*** immunity-boosting,antiviral,antibacterial,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions that can suppress and treat symptoms of *** vitro,in vivo as well as in silico validation,these phytochemicals can help us to manage and treat cOVID-19 *** integration of traditional knowledge in the prophylaxis of corona infection and current skills validating it for the development of precise and powerful therapeutic approaches will more efficiently resolve different clinical aspects of *** review focuses on both traditional and emergent methods to prevent and treat cOVID-19 with various Indian medicinal plants along with their phytochemicals.

关键词： Antiviral corona virus Diagnosis Immunity Herbs