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Is proliferative colonic disease presentation changing?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第45期18卷 6614-6619页

作者： Vito D Corleto Cristiano Pagnini Maria Sofia Cattaruzza Ermira Zykaj Emilio Di Giulio giovanna margagnoni Emanuela Pilozzi Giancarlo D'Ambra Antonietta Lamazza Enrico Fiori Mario Ferri Luigi Masoni Vincenzo Ziparo Bruno Annibale Gianfranco Delle Fave Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and PsychologySant'Andrea Hospital"Sapienza" University00189 RomeItaly Department of Public Health and Inf.Diseases Faculty of MedicinePoliclinico Umberto I"Sapienza" University00189 RomeItaly Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and PsychologySant'Andrea Hospital"Sapienza" University00189 RomeItaly Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicinePoliclinico Umberto I"Sapienza" University00189 RomeItaly

AIM:To compare the site,age and gender of cases of colorectal cancer(CRC) and polyps in a single referral center in Rome,Italy,during two periods.METHODS:CRC data were collected from surgery/pathology registers,and polyp data from colonoscopy reports.Patients who met the criteria for familial adenomatous polyposis,hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease were excluded from the study.Overlap of patients between the two groups(cancers and polyps) was carefully avoided.Theχ 2 statistical test and a regression analysis were performed.RESULTS:Data from a total of 768 patients(352 and 416 patients,respectively,in periods A and B) who underwent surgery for cancer were collected.During the same time periods,a total of 1693 polyps were analyzed from 978 patients with complete colonoscopies(428 polyps from 273 patients during period A and 1265 polyps from 705 patients during period B).A proximal shift in cancer occurred during the latter years for both sexes,but particularly in males.Proximal cancer increased > 3-fold in period B compared to period A in males [odds ratio(OR) 3.31,95%CI:2.00-5.47;P < 0.0001).A similar proximal shift was observed for polyps,particularly in males(OR 1.87,95%CI:1.23-2.87;P < 0.0038),but also in females(OR 1.62,95%CI:0.96-2.73;P < 0.07).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of proximal proliferative colonic lesions seems to have increased over the last decade,particularly in males.

关键词：结肠疾病增生性癌症患者结直肠癌数据收集肠道疾病统计检验回归分析

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Developing fertility control for rodents: a framework for researchers and practitioners

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 87-107页

作者： giovanna MASSEI Jens JACOB Lyn A.HINDS Botstiber Institute for Wildlife Fertility Control Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkUK Rodent Research Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsJulius Kühn–Institute(JKI)Federal Research Institute for Cultivated PlantsMünsterGermany CSIRO Health and Biosecurity CanberraACTAustralia

Fertility control is often heralded as a humane and effective technique for management of overabundant wildlife,including rodents.The intention is to reduce the use of lethal and inhumane methods,increase farm productivity and food security as well as reduce disease transmission,particularly of zoonoses.We developed a framework to guide researchers and stakeholders planning to assess the effectiveness of a potential contraceptive agent for a particular species.Our guidelines describe the overarching research questions which must be sequentially addressed to ensure adequate data are collected so that a contraceptive can be registered for use in broad-scale rodent management.The framework indicates that studies should be undertaken iteratively and,at times,in parallel,with initial research being conducted on(1)laboratory-based captive assessments of contraceptive effects in individuals;(2)simulation of contraceptive delivery using bait markers and/or surgical sterilization of different proportions of afield-based or enclosure population to determine how population dynamics are affected;(3)development of mathematical models which predict the outcomes of different fertility control scenarios;and(4)implementation of large-scale,replicated trials to validate contraceptive efficacy under various management-scalefield situations.In some circumstances,fertility control may be most effective when integrated with other methods(e.***.some culling).Assessment of non-target effects,direct and indirect,and the environmental fate of the contraceptive must also be determined.Developing fertility control for a species is a resource-intensive commitment but will likely be less costly than the ongoing environmental and economic impacts by rodents and rodenticides in many contexts.

关键词： captive studies field applications modeling oral contraceptive delivery population management rodents

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Oxidative dissolution of Cr(OH)_(3) and mixed Fe-Cr(Ⅲ)phases by aqueous Mn(Ⅲ)-pyrophosphate complex

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 105-113页

作者： Mismel Ruiz-Garcia Jordan Stanberry giovanna Ballerini Ribeiro Vasileios Anagnostopoulos Department of Chemistry University of Central FloridaOrlando FL 32816USA

The key role of manganese(Mn)in the biogeochemical cycle of trace elements has been of great interest in recent years.Nevertheless,the redox properties of aqueous Mn(Ⅲ)have been studied to a lesser extent.Mn(Ⅲ)is not stable in solution by itself.However,when complexed with inorganic ligands,it has shown potential to oxidize and reduce trace elements.In the present study,we are exploring the redox characteristics of the complex Mn(Ⅲ)-Pyrophosphate(Mn(Ⅲ)-PP).This complex is stable over a wide range of pH values but requires the ratio of Mn:PP to be less than 1:6.Specifically,the redox reaction of chromium(Cr(Ⅲ))and Mn(Ⅲ)-PP is investigated.A solid,Cr(OH)_(3),is used as a source of Cr(Ⅲ).For this reaction,environmentally relevant parameters,such as pH,ionic strength,ratio Mn(Ⅲ)/Cr(Ⅲ),and excess of ligand,were assessed.Results showed that Mn(Ⅲ)can effectively oxidize Cr(Ⅲ)to Cr(Ⅵ),taking about 15 days for the reaction to complete.This reaction occurs only under acidic conditions(pH4),and with a low excess of Pyrophosphate.The initial Mn(Ⅲ)concentration decreases as the Cr(Ⅵ)is produced,and Cr(Ⅵ)can be adsorbed back into the Cr(OH)_(3)surface,limiting the mobility of this toxic species.Despite this adsorption,significant amounts of Cr(VI)are release in the aqueous phase.This study shows the importance of a mobile species(Mn-PP complex)in the oxidation of Cr(Ⅲ)and the release of Cr(Ⅵ)to the environment.

关键词： Chromium Manganese Pyrophosphate complex Sorption Ionic strength Redox

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Statistical analysis of physico-mechanical parameters of sandstones occurring in orogenic settings

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1388-1402页

作者： PAPPALARDO giovanna CARBONE Serafina MONACO Carmelo ZOCCO Giordana MINEO Simone Dipartimento Di Scienze Biologiche Geologiche E AmbientaliUniversitàDegli Studi Di CataniaCorso Italia 5795129 CataniaItaly

In northeastern Sicily(Italy),sandstone rock masses widely crop out as cover deposits over crystalline terrains belonging to the orogenic belt.Despite being part of the same geological formation,these sandstones are characterized by highly different features in terms of texture and physico-mechanical properties.This poses a scientific question on the possibility of tracing these rocks to a single statistical model,which could be representative of their main engineering geological properties.Therefore,it is worth investigating on the possible reasons of such differences,that should be searched either in the current geographical sandstone distribution or in the rock texture.For this study,sandstone samples were collected from different sites and were analyzed at both the hand and thin section scales.Three sandstone types were recognized,characterized by a different texture.Then,the laboratory characterization allowed estimating their main physico-mechanical and ultrasonic properties,such as porosity,density,mechanical strength,deformability,and ultrasonic velocities.The rock mechanical strength proved linked to the rock compactness and to the presence of lithic fragments,while pores and a pseudo-matrix between grains represent weakening features.Rock data were also statistically analyzed by grouping the specimens according to a geographical criterion,with respect to their sampling area,but no link was found between location and rock properties.Finally,with the aim of achieving mathematical laws that could be used to predict some rock properties from others,useful for practical purposes when dealing with such a high property variability,single and multiple regression analyses were carried out.Results show that the Uniaxial Compressive Strength,porosity,and P-wave velocity are the best predictors for a quick,indirect estimation of the main physico-mechanical parameters.The methodological approach developed for this research can be taken as reference to study other worldwide cases,involving rocks characterized by a wi

关键词： Sandstone Laboratory test Uniaxial Compressive Strength Porosity Rocks

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Chestnut tannin:New use,research and bioeconomy

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 246-252页

作者： Rosaria Ciriminna Francesco Meneguzzo giovanna Li Petri Cosimo Meneguzzo Giuseppe Angellotti Mario Pagliaro Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati CNRvia U.La Malfa 15390146 PalermoItaly Istituto per la Bioeconomia CNRvia Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy HyRes Srl via Salvator Rosa 1882100 BeneventoItaly

Chestnut tannin,extracted from the bark or wood of chestnut trees,possesses unique properties that make it valuable in various industries.It serves as a natural source of tannins,which are widely used in the production of leather,textiles,and wood preservation.As research continues to explore its potential applications,chestnut tannin remains a promising resource with diverse industrial uses.Highlighting new use,research and bioeconomy aspects,this study provides a unified perspective on chestnut tannin.New advanced applications will likely emerge shortly.

关键词： Tannin Chestnut Bioeconomy Tannin market Hydrolysable tannin

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Therapeutic targeting of cellular prion protein: toward the development of dual mechanism anti-prion compounds

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1009-1014页

作者： Antonio Masone Chiara Zucchelli Enrico Caruso giovanna Musco Roberto Chiesa Laboratory of Prion Neurobiology Department of NeuroscienceIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly Biomolecular NMR Unit Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences University of InsubriaVareseItaly

PrPSc,a misfolded,aggregation-prone isoform of the cellular prion protein(PrPC),is the infectious prion agent responsible for fatal neurodegenerative diseases of humans and other mammals.PrPSccan adopt different pathogenic conformations(prion strains),which can be resistant to potential drugs,or acquire drug resistance,posing challenges for the development of effective therapies.Since PrPCis the obligate precursor of any prion strain and serves as the mediator of prion neurotoxicity,it represents an attractive therapeutic target fo r prion diseases.In this minireview,we briefly outline the approaches to target PrPCand discuss our recent identification of Zn(Ⅱ)-Bn PyP,a PrPC-targeting porphyrin with an unprecedented bimodal mechanism of action.We argue that in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism by which Zn(Ⅱ)-Bn PyP targets PrPCmay lead toward the development of a new class of dual mechanism anti-prion compounds.

关键词： anti-prion drug anti-PrPC antibody antisense oligonucleotide neurodegeneration pharmacological chaperone porphyrin prion disease PrPC degrader PrPC shedding zinc finger repressor

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May ChatGPT be a tool producing medical information for common inflammatory bowel disease patients’questions?An evidencecontrolled analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 17-33页

作者： Antonietta Gerarda Gravina Raffaele Pellegrino Marina Cipullo giovanna Palladino Giuseppe Imperio Andrea Ventura Salvatore Auletta Paola Ciamarra Alessandro Federico Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy

Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering everyday healthcare.Large language model(LLM)systems such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT)have become potentially accessible to everyone,including patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).However,significant ethical issues and pitfalls exist in innovative LLM tools.The hype generated by such systems may lead to unweighted patient trust in these systems.Therefore,it is necessary to understand whether LLMs(trendy ones,such as ChatGPT)can produce plausible medical information(MI)for patients.This review examined ChatGPT’s potential to provide MI regarding questions commonly addressed by patients with IBD to their gastroenterologists.From the review of the outputs provided by ChatGPT,this tool showed some attractive potential while having significant limitations in updating and detailing information and providing inaccurate information in some cases.Further studies and refinement of the ChatGPT,possibly aligning the outputs with the leading medical evidence provided by reliable databases,are needed.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer Large language model Artificial intelligence

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Effects of excess high-normal alanine aminotransferase levels in relation to new-onset metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease:Clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第27期30卷 3264-3267页

作者： giovanna McGinty Robert Przemioslo Department of Gastroenterology North Bristol TrustSouthmead HospitalBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology North Bristol TrustSouthmead HospitalBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Chen et al recently published in 2024.We focus the debate on whether reducing the upper limit of normal of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)would effectively identify cases of fibrosis in metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).This is important given the increasing prevalence of MAFLD and obesity globally.Currently,a suitable screening test to identify patients in the general population does not exist and most patients are screened after the finding of an abnormal ALT.The authors of this paper challenge the idea of what a normal ALT is and whether that threshold should be lowered,particularly as their study found that 83.12%of their study population with a diagnosis of MAFLD had a normal ALT.The main advantages of screening would be to identify patients and provide intervention early,the mainstay of this being changing modifiable risk factors and monitoring for liver fibrosis.However,there is not enough suitable therapeutic options available as of yet although this is likely to change in the coming years with more targets for therapy being discovered.Semaglutide is one example of this which has demonstrated benefit with an acceptable side effect profile for those patients with MAFLD and obesity,although studies have not yet shown a significant improvement in fibrosis regression.It would also require a huge amount of resource if a reduced ALT level alone was used as criteria;it is more likely that current scoring systems such as fibrosis-4 may be amended to represent this additional risk.Currently,there is not a good argument to recommend wide-spread screening with a reduced ALT level as this is unlikely to be cost-effective.This is compounded by the fact that there is a significant heterogeneity in what is considered a normal ALT between laboratories.Although studies previously have suggested a more pragmatic approach in screening those over the age of 60,this is likely to change with the increasing incidence of obesity within the younger age groups.

关键词： Alanine aminotransferase Metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease Metabolic syndrome Fibrosis Cirrhosis Semaglutide

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Corrigendum to ‘A novel STK11 gene mutation (c.388dupG,p.Glu130Glyfs∗33) in a Peutz-Jeghers family and evidence of higher gastric cancer susceptibility associated with alterations in STK11 region aa 107–170’ [Gene Dis (9) (2022) 288–291]

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1082-1083页

作者： giovanna Forte Filomena Cariola Katia De Marco Andrea Manghisi Filomena Anna Guglielmi Raffaele Armentano Giuseppe Lippolis Pietro Giorgio Cristiano Simone Vittoria Disciglio Medical Genetics National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Histopathology Unit National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Department of General Surgery National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte Bari 70013 Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO) Medical Genetics University of Bari Aldo Moro Piazza Umberto I Bari 70124 Italy

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Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics:The Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging(SOMMA)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 621-630页

作者： Yujia(Susanna)Qiao Terri L.Blackwell Peggy M.Cawthon Paul M.Coen Steven R.Cummings giovanna Distefano Samaneh Farsijani Daniel E.Forman Bret H.Goodpaster Stephen B.Kritchevsky Theresa Mau Frederico G.S.Toledo Anne B.Newman Nancy W.Glynn Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Translational Research Institute AdventHealthOrlandoFL 32804USA Department of Medicine(Geriatrics and Cardiology) University of Pittsburghand GeriatricsResearchEducationand Clinical Center(GRECC)VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Background:Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age,and physical activity(PA)has been shown to offset these declines in older adults.Yet,many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise interventions.Therefore,we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior(SB)with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle energetics.Methods:As part of the Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging,enrolled older adults(n=879),810(age=76.4±5.0 years old,mean±SD;58%women)had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution re spirometry of permeabilized myofibers(maximal oxidative phosphorylation(maxOXPHOS))and in vivo by ^(31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(maximal adenosine triphosphate(ATP_(max))).Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior,light activity,and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 days.Self-reported sedentary behavior,MVPA,and all PA were assessed with the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors(CHAMPS)questionnaire.Linear regression models with progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary behavior and PA with muscle energetics,as well as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association by MVP A and sedentary behavior.As a sensitivity analysis,we also examined activPAL-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary behavior and their associations with muscle energetics.Results:Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured MVPA was associated with 0.65 pmol/(s×mg)higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mM/s higher ATP_(max)after adjusting for age,site/technician,and sex(p<0.05).Light activity was not associated with maxOXPHOS or ATP_(max).Meanwhile,every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary behavior was associated with 0.39 pmol/s×mg lower maxOXPHOS and0.006 mM/s lower ATP_(max)(p<0.05).Only associatio

关键词： Aging Exercise Mitochondria

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