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An expandable chamber for safe brain retraction: new technologies in the field of transcranial endoscopic surgery

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第4期24卷 326-335页

作者： Elena ROCA Anna GOBETTI Giovanna CORNACCHIA Oscar VIVALDI Barbara BUFFOLI giorgio RAMORINO Head and Neck Department NeurosurgeryIstituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza25124 BresciaItaly Technology for Health PhD Program University of Brescia25124 BresciaItaly Materials Science and Technology at Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia25123 BresciaItaly Metallurgy at Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia25123 BresciaItaly Anatomy and Physiopathology Division Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of Brescia25123 BresciaItaly

Neurosurgery is a highly specialized field:it often involves surgical manipulation of noble structures and cerebral retraction is frequently necessary to reach deep-seated brain *** are still no reliable methods preventing possible retraction *** objective of this study was to design work chambers well suited for transcranial endoscopic surgery while providing safe retraction of the surrounding brain *** chamber is designed to be inserted close to the intracranial point of interest;once it is best placed it can be *** should guarantee an appreciable workspace similar to that of current neurosurgical *** experimental aspect of this study involved the use of a force sensor to evaluate the pressures exerted on the brain tissue during the retraction *** pterional craniotomy,pressure measurements were made during retraction with the use of a conventional metal spatula with different *** that,although the force values necessary for retraction and exerted on the spatula by the neurosurgeon are the same,the local pressure exerted on the parenchyma at the edge of the spatula at different inclinations varied greatly.A new method of cerebral retraction using a chamber retractor(CR)has been designed to avoid any type of complication due to spatula edge overpressures and to maintain acceptable pressure values exerted on the parenchyma.

关键词： Brain retraction Spatula Brain retractor design Brain retraction injury Retraction complication Transcranial endoscopic surgery

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Dynamically updated digital twin for prognostics and health management:Application in permanent magnet synchronous motor

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 244-261页

作者： Haoyu GUO Shaoping WANG Jian SHI Tengfei MA giorgio GUGLIERI Rujun JIA Fausto LIZZIO School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Tianmushan Laboratory Hangzhou 310023China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Polytechnic University of TurinTurin 10129Italy Beihang Ningbo Research Institute Ningbo 315800China

Current research on Digital Twin(DT)based Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)focuses on establishment of DT through integration of real-time data from various sources to facilitate comprehensive product monitoring and health ***,there still exist gaps in the seamless integration of DT and PHM,as well as in the development of DT multi-field coupling modeling and its dynamic update *** the product experiences long-period degradation under load spectrum,it is challenging to describe the dynamic evolution of the health status and degradation progression *** addition,DT update algorithms are difficult to be integrated simultaneously by current *** paper proposes an innovative dual loop DT based PHM framework,in which the first loop establishes the basic dynamic DT with multi-filed coupling,and the second loop implements the PHM and the abnormal detection to provide the interaction between the dual loops through updating *** proposed method pays attention to the internal state changes with degradation and interactive mapping with dynamic parameter ***,the Independence Principle for the abnormal detection is proposed to refine the theory of *** at the first loop focus on accurate modeling of multi-field coupling,while the events at the second loop focus on real-time occurrence of anomalies and the product degradation *** interaction and collaboration between different loop models are also ***,the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM)is used to verify the proposed *** results show that the modeling method proposed can accurately track the lifecycle performance changes of the entity and carry out remaining life prediction and health management effectively.

关键词： Digital Twin(DT) Dynamic Update Independence Principle Multi-field Coupling Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM) Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)

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Male idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第2期8卷 143-157页

作者： giorgio Cavallini Operative Unit of Andrology Società Italiana di Medicina della Riproduzione(SISMER)Via Mazzini 1240138 BolognaItaly

Idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia （iOAT） affects approximately 30% of all infertile men. This mini-review discussed recent data in this field. Age, non-inflammatory functional alterations in post-testicular organs, infective agents （Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes virus and adeno-associated viruses）, alterations in gamete genome, mitochondrial alterations, environmental pollutants and ＂subde＂ hormonal alterations are all considered possible causes of iOAT. Increase of reactive oxygen species in tubules and in seminal plasma and of apoptosis are reputed to affect sperm concentration, motility and morphology, iOAT is commonly diagnosed by exclusion, nevertheless spectral traces of the main testicular artery may be used as a diagnostic tool for iOAT. The following can be considered therapies for iOAT： 1） tamoxifen citrate （20 mg/d）＋ testosterone undecanoate （120 mg/d）（pregnancy rate per couple/month [prcm]： 3.8%）; 2） folic acid （66 mg/d）＋ zinc sulfate （5 mg/d）; 3） L-carnitine （2 g/d） alone or in combination with acetyl-L- canitine （1 g/d）（prcm： 2.3%）; and 4） both camitines ＋ one 30 mg cinnoxicam suppository every 4 days （prcm： 8.5%）. Alpha-blocking drugs improved sperm concentration but not morphology, motility or pregnancy rate. Tranilast （300 mg/d） increased sperm parameters and pregnancy rates in an initial uncontrolled study. Its efficacy on sperm concentration （but not on sperm motility, morphology or prcm） was confirmed in subsequent published reports. The efficacy of tamoxifen ＋ testosterone undecanoate, tamoxifen alone, and recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone is still a matter for discussion. （Asian J Andro12006 Mar; 8： 143-157）

关键词： idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia male infertility diagnosis pathogenesis

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Hydrodynamic Performance of Euplectella aspergillum:Simulating Real Life Conditions in the Abyss

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第1期33卷 273-282页

作者： Giacomo Falcucci giorgio Amati Pierluigi Fanelli Sauro Succi Maurizio Porfiri Department of Enterprise Engineering“Mario Lucertini” University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA High Performance Computing Department CINECA Rome SectionRomeItaly DEIM School of EngineeringUniversity of TusciaViterboItaly Italian Institute of Technology Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-ScienceRomeItaly National Research Council of Italy–Institute for Applied Computing(IAC) RomeItaly Department of Biomedical Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Center for Urban Science and Progress Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

We detail some of the understudied aspects of the flow inside and around the Hexactinellid Sponge Euplectella *** leveraging the flexibility of the Lattice Boltzmann Method,High Performance Computing simulations are performed to dissect the complex conditions corresponding to the actual environment at the bottom of the ocean,at depths between 100 and 1,000 *** large-scale simulations unveil potential clues on the evolutionary adaptations of these deep-sea sponges in response to the surrounding fluid flow,and they open the path to future investigations at the interface between physics,engineering and biology.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method fluid-structure interaction sponge hydrodynamics high performance computing complex boundary conditions

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Prevention of complications in endourological management of stones:What are the basic measures needed before,during,and after interventions?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 180-190页

作者： Eric Edison giorgio Mazzon Vimoshan Arumuham Simon Choong Department of Urology University College Hospital LondonLondonUK Department of Urology San Bassiano HospitalVicenzaItaly

Objective:This narrative review aims to describe measures to minimise the risk of complications during percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL),ureteroscopy,and retrograde intrarenal ***:A literature search was conducted from the PubMed/PMC database for papers published within the last 10 years(January 2012 to December 2022).Search terms included“ureteroscopy”,“retrograde intrarenal surgery”,“PCNL”,“percutaneous nephrolithotomy”,“complications”,“sepsis”,“infection”,“bleed”,“haemorrhage”,and“hemorrhage”.Key papers were identified and included meta-analyses,systematic reviews,guidelines,and primary *** references of these papers were searched to identify any further relevant papers not included ***:The evidence is assimilated with the opinions of the authors to provide *** practice pathways for patient care in the pre-operative,intra-operative,and post-operative periods are described,including the identification and management of residual *** complications(sepsis and stent issues)that are relevant for any endourological procedure are then be ***-specific considerations are then *** measures for PCNL include optimising access to minimise the chance of bleeding or visceral *** role of endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in this regard is *** measures for ureteroscopy and retrograde intrarenal surgery include planning and technique to minimise the risk of ureteric *** role of anaesthetic assessment is *** importance of specific comorbidities on each step of the pathway is highlighted as ***:This review demonstrates that the principles of meticulous planning,interdisciplinary teamworking,and good operative technique can minimise the risk of complications in endourology.

关键词： Endourology Ureteroscopy Retrogradeintrarenal surgery Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Complications Sepsis Stent

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Reduction in sperm aneuploidy levels in severe oligoasthenoteratospermic patients after medical therapy： a preliminary report

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 591-598页

作者： giorgio Cavallini Maria Cristina Magli Andor Crippa Anna Pia Ferraretti Luca Gianaroli Medicitalia Andrological Section Outpatient Clinic of Ferrara Ferrara 44100 Italy Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Societa Italiana di Medicina della Riproduzione (SISMER) Bologna 40138 Italy Operative Unit of Assisted Reproduction Societa Italiana di Medicina della Riproduzione (SISMER) Bologna 40138 Italy

The objective of this study was to investigate whether medical therapy can reduce sperm aneuploidy levels and irfiprove the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） in patients with severe idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia （OAT）. Thirty-three infertile couples requiring ICSI because of severe idiopathic OAT after at least one unsuccessful ICSI cycle were considered. Semen parameters （concentration, motility and morphology）, the percentage of aneuploid sperm and the results of ICSI （the number of oocytes fertilized, embryos transferred, biochemical pregnancies, clinical pregnancies and live births） were compared before and after a 3-month course of treatment with L-carnitine 1 g given twice per day＋acetyI-L-carnitine 500 mg given twice per day＋one 30-mg cinnoxicam tablet every 4 days. Aneuploidy was assessed using fluorescent in situ hybridisation （FISH） performed on chromosomes X, Y, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 and 22. The results showed that 22 of the 33 patients had a reduced frequency of aneuploid sperm and improved sperm morphology after treatment （group 1）, and 11 showed no change （group 2）. The numbers of biochemical pregnancies, clinical pregnancies and live births were significantly higher in group I than in group 2. No significant difference was found between the groups regarding the numbers of oocytes fertilized and embryos transferred. The side effects were negligible. The numbers of ICSI pregnancies and live births in severe idiopathic OAT patients improved with a course of L-carnitine, acetyI-L-carnitine and cinnoxicam.

关键词： acetyI-L-carnitine cinnoxicam ICSl L-carnitine male infertility oligoasthenoteratospermia sperm aneuploidy

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Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: more compromise than precision

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 523-526页

作者： Matteo Tacelli Paolo giorgio Arcidiacono Gabriele Capurso Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research CenterSan Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCSMilanItaly Vita-Salute San Raffaele University MilanItaly

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI)can be defined as a reduction in the secretion or intraluminal activity of pancreatic enzymes at a level that does not allow the normal digestion of nutrients contained in *** condition is difficult to diagnose and treat and has long been misunderstood,underestimated,and overlooked to some extent.

关键词： Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI) fecal elastase-1(FE-1) chronic pancreatitis pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy(PERT)

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Practical review for diagnosis and clinical management of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第25期26卷 3542-3561页

作者： Daniele Dondossola Michele Ghidini Francesco Grossi giorgio Rossi Diego Foschi General and Liver Transplant Surgery Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca'GrandaOspedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Universitàdegli Studi of MilanMilan 20122Italy Medical Oncology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences"Luigi Sacco" L.Sacco HospitalUniversitàdegli Studi of MilanMilan 20157Italy

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCC)is the most aggressive malignant tumor of the biliary *** CCC(pCCC)is the most common CCC and is burdened by a complicated diagnostic iter and its anatomical location makes surgical approach burden by poor *** its clinical presentation,a multimodal diagnostic approach should be carried on by a tertiary specialized center to avoid *** staging must consider the extent of liver resection to avoid post-surgical hepatic *** staging iter,magnetic resonance can obtain satisfactory cholangiographic images,while invasive techniques should be used if bile duct samples are ***,to improve diagnostic potential,bile duct drainage is not necessary in jaundice,while it is indicated in refractory cholangitis or when liver hypertrophy is *** resecability criteria are identified,the extent of liver resection is secondary to the longitudinal spread of *** in the past type IV pCCC was not considered resectable,some authors reported good results after their ***,in selected unresectable cases,liver transplantation could be a valuable *** chemotherapy is the standard of care for resected patients,while neoadjuvant approach has growing *** curative resection is not achieved,radiotherapy can be added to *** multistep curative iter must be carried on in specialized ***,the aim of this review is to highlight the main steps and pitfalls of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pCCC with a peculiar attention to type IV pCCC.

关键词： Perihilar cholangiocarncioma Liver resection Biliary drainage Neo-adjuvant therapy Type IV cholangiocarcinoma Klatskin tumor

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Sexual outcome of patients undergoing thulium laser enucleation of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 802-806,I0009页

作者： Luca Carmignani giorgio Bozzini Alberto Macchi Serena Maruccia Stefano Picozzi Stefano Casellato Academic Department of Urology IRCCS Policlinico San Donato University of Milan Milan Italy

Treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS） secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） may affect the quality of sexual function and ejaculation. The effect of new surgical procedures, which are currently available to treat BPH, on erection and ejaculation, has been poorly studied. This study aimed to assess the effect of thulium laser enucleation of the prostate （ThuLEP） on sexual function and retrograde ejaculation in patients with LUTS secondary to BPH. We performed a prospective study in 110 consecutive patients who had undergone ThuLEP to analyze changes in sexual function and urinary symptoms. To evaluate changes in erection and ejaculation, and the effect of urinary symptoms on the quality of life （QoL）, five validated questionnaires were used： the ICIQ-MLUTSsex, MSHQ-EjD, International Index of Erectile Function 5, International Prognostic Scoring System （IPSS） questionnaire, and QoL index of the intraclass correlation coefficients. Patients also underwent IPSS and flowmetry to assess the outcome of flow. Patients were evaluated before surgery and 3-6 months after ThuLEP, whereas those with previous abdominal surgery were excluded. The patients＇ mean age was 67.83 years. Postoperative urinary symptoms improved after surgery. No significant differences in erectile function before and after surgery were observed. As compared with other techniques described in the literature, the percentage of patients with conserved ejaculation increased by 52.7% after ThuLEP. ThuLEP positively affects urinary symptoms and their effect on the QoL of patients as assessed by questionnaire scores. While endoscopic management of BPH （e.g. transurethral resection of the prostate） causes retrograde ejaculation in most patients, those who undergo ThuLEP have conserved ejaculation and erectile function.

关键词： antegrade ejaculation benign prostatic hyperplasia sexual function thulium laser enucleation of the prostate

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CO Dissociation and CO+O Reactions on a Nanosized Iron Cluster

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Nano Research 2009年第8期2卷 660-670页

作者： giorgio Lanzani Albert G.Nasibulin Kari Laasonen Esko I.Kauppinen Department of Chemistry P.O.Box 3000FIN-90014 University of OuluFinland Department of Applied Physics and Center for New Materials Helsinki University of TechnologyP.O.Box 5100FIN-02150 EspooFinland

Catalysis over metal nanoparticles is essential for the growth of carbon nanotubes and all the properties of the resulting nanotube,such as diameter and chirality,are affected by the metal ***,it is very important to understand the carbon chemistry taking place on nanometer size metal *** we present the fi rst ab initio computational study of chemical reactions on a nanosized iron *** clusters have reaction sites,such as edges and vertexes between the facets,Which have not been studied *** principles electronic structure calculations,fully incorporating the effects of spin polarization and non-collinear magnetic moments,have been used to investigate CO disproportionation on an isolated Fe55 *** CO dissociation,O atoms remain on the surface while C atoms move into the cluster,presumably as the initial step toward carbide *** we show that the lowest CO dissociation barrier found on the cluster(0.77 eV)is lower than on most previously studied Fe *** dissociation occurs on a vertex between the *** possible paths for CO2 formation were identifi *** calculated lowest reaction barrier is 1.08 eV,which is comparable to the barrier of 0.65 eV obtained by experiment.

关键词： Nanoparticle density functional theory(DFT) mechanism synthesis

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