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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes

World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第9期13卷 668-682页

作者： Maria Irene Bellini Irene Urciuoli Giovanni Del Gaudio giorgia Polti Giovanni Iannetti Elena Gangitano Eleonora Lori Carla Lubrano Vito Cantisani Salvatore Sorrenti Vito D’Andrea Department of Surgical Sciences Sapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy Department of Radiological Sciences Oncology and PathologySapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Medical PhysiopathologyFood Science and EndocrinologySapienza University of RomeRome 00161Italy

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world and represents a clinical-histopathologic entity where the steatosis component may vary in degree and may or may not have fibrotic *** key concept of NAFLD pathogenesis is excessive triglyceride hepatic accumulation because of an imbalance between free fatty acid influx and *** epidemiological,biochemical,and therapeutic evidence supports the premise that the primary pathophysiological derangement in most patients with NAFLD is insulin resistance;thus the association between diabetes and NAFLD is widely recognized in the *** NAFLD is the hepatic manifestation of a metabolic disease,it is also associated with a higher cardiovascular *** B-mode ultrasound is widely adopted as a first-line imaging modality for hepatic steatosis,although magnetic resonance imaging represents the gold standard noninvasive modality for quantifying the amount of fat in these *** of NAFLD patients depends on the disease severity,ranging from a more benign condition of nonalcoholic fatty liver to nonalcoholic *** from alcohol,a Mediterranean diet,and modification of risk factors are recommended for patients suffering from NAFLD to avoid major cardiovascular events,as per all diabetic *** addition,weight loss induced by bariatric surgery seems to also be effective in improving liver features,together with the benefits for diabetes control or resolution,dyslipidemia,and ***,liver transplantation represents the ultimate treatment for severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and is growing rapidly as a main indication in Western *** review offers a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to NAFLD,highlighting its connection with diabetes.

关键词： Bariatric surgery Diabetes Hepatic steatosis Liver fibrosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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Hepatitis C virus relies on lipoproteins for its life cycle

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第6期22卷 1953-1965页

作者： Germana Grassi giorgia Di Caprio Gian Maria Fimia Giuseppe Ippolito Marco Tripodi Tonino Alonzi National Institute for Infectious Diseases“L.Spallanzani”IRCCS 00149 RomeItaly Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology Pasteur Institute-Cenci Bolognetti FoundationSapienza University of Rome00149 RomeItaly Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies(DiSTeBA) University of Salento73100 LecceItaly

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infects over 150 million people worldwide. In most cases, HCV infection becomes chronic causing liver disease ranging from fibrosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Viral persistence and pathogenesis are due to the ability of HCV to deregulate specific host processes, mainly lipid metabolism and innate immunity. In particular, HCV exploits the lipoprotein machineries for almost all steps of its life cycle. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge concerning the interplay between HCV and lipoprotein metabolism. We discuss the role played by members of lipoproteins in HCV entry, replication and virion production.

关键词： Apolipoproteins Hepatitis C virus Lipidmetabolism Lipoproteins Review

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Role of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B or C virus in preventing the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2016年第1期2卷 10-17页

作者： Laura Scribano Veronica Vanin giorgia Gottardo Diana Sacchi Francesco Paolo Russo Gastroenterology Unit Department of SurgeryOncology and Gastroenterolog yPadova University Hospital35128 PadovaItaly Multivisceral Transplant Unit Department of SurgeryOncology and GastroenterologyPadova University Hospital35128 PadovaItaly

Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection are at significant risk for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The most important risk factor associated with HCC is liver cirrhosis,which is again predominantly caused by chronic HBV or HCV *** most effective approach to avoid HCC development is to prevent HBV and HCV infection through ***,HBV vaccine is the first vaccine demonstrated to prevent ***,a vaccine for HCV is not ***,the prevention of HCV-related HCC and to a large extent HBV-related HCC(among persons who are already chronically infected)will rely on antiviral therapy to prevent progressive liver *** evidence that these patients can effectively be protected against HCC risk by the treatment with antiviral therapy is rather controversial,due to the lack of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that are ideally needed to establish the effi cacy,but are logistically and ethically *** the strongest evidence to support that antiviral therapy can prevent HCC should be derived from RCTs with HCC as an endpoint,it should be emphasized that clinical trials showing the efficacy of antiviral therapy on virus suppression or eradication,and/or improvement in liver histology can be considered indirect evidence that antiviral therapy can prevent HCC because high virus levels(in the case of HBV infection)and cirrhosis(in both HBV and HCV infection)are the most important risk factors for HCC.

关键词： Antiviral therapy cirrhosis hepatitis B virus hepatitis C virus hepatocellular carcinoma nucleos(t)ide analogs pegylated interferon ribavirin

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Hydroxytyrosol But Not Resveratrol Ingestion Induced an Acute Increment of Post Exercise Blood Flow in Brachial Artery

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Health 2016年第15期8卷 1766-1777页

作者： giorgia Sarais Antonio Crisafulli Daniele Concu Andrea Fois Abdallah Raweh Alberto Concu Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy Laboratory of Sports Physiology University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy IIC Technologies Ltd. Cagliari Italy EventFeel Ltd. Cagliari Italy Medical Sciences Faculty The LUdeS Foundation Higher Education Institution Kalkara Malta

The aim of this study was to test if previous ingestion of compounds containing resveratrol or hydroxytyrosol, followed by an exhausting hand grip exercise, could induce an acute post-exercise increase in brachial blood flow. Six healthy subjects (three males and three females, 35 ± 7 years), 60 minutes after ingestion of a capsule containing 200 mg of resveratrol or 30 ml of extra virgin olive oil enriched with tyrosol, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, performed a hand grip exercise equal to half of their maximum strength until they were no longer able to express the same force (2-day interval between tests). The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for statistical evaluations. Brachial artery blood flow (Fba) and both blood velocity (Vba) and artery diameter (Dba) were assessed immediately after exercise cessation by means of colour Doppler ultrasound. After ingestion of the oil mixture the post-exercise value of Fba median was 2.4 times higher than that after ingestion of the resveratrol compound (P = 0.03), and also the Vba median concerning the hydroxytyrosol was 1.9 times higher than that of the resveratrol (P = 0.03). Both functional foods did not lead to a significant difference in the Dba medians. These results indicate that hydroxytyrosol, but not resveratrol, may be an effective adjuvant of recreational or agonistic, long-lasting sports performances, thanks to the powerful blood flow increment which can be obtained as soon as one hour from its oral intake.

关键词： Functional Foods Hydroxytyrosol Resveratrol Hand Grip Blood Flow

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Ten years of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma: Are there any predictive and/or prognostic markers?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第36期24卷 4152-4163页

作者： giorgia Marisi Alessandro Cucchetti Paola Ulivi Matteo Canale Giuseppe Cabibbo Leonardo Solaini Francesco G Foschi Serena De Matteis Giorgio Ercolani Martina Valgiusti Giovanni L Frassineti Mario Scartozzi Andrea Casadei Gardini Biosciences Laboratory Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of Bologna General and Oncologic Surgery Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital Section of Gastroenterology DI.BI.M.I.S.University of Palermo Department of Internal Medicine Degli Infermi Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS Department of Medical Oncology University of Cagliari

Sorafenib has been considered the standard of care for patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) since 2007 and numerous studieshave investigated the role of markers involved in the angiogenesis process at both the expression and genetic level and clinical aspect. What results have ten years of research produced? Several clinical and biological markers are associated with prognosis. The most interesting clinical parameters are adverse events, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, and macroscopic vascular invasion, while several single nucleotide polymorphisms and plasma angiopoietin-2 levels represent the most promising biological biomarkers. A recent pooled analysis of two phase III randomized trials showed that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, etiology and extra-hepatic spread are predictive factors of response to sorafenib, but did not identify any predictive biological markers. After 10 years of research into sorafenib there are still no validated prognostic or predictive factors of response to the drug in HCC. The aim of the present review was to summarize 10 years of research into sorafenib, looking in particular at the potential of associated clinical and biological markers to predict its efficacy in patients with advanced HCC.

关键词： Biomarker Angiopoietin Neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio Polymorphisms Sorafenib MicroRNA Adverse events Hepatocellular carcinoma Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Cell-derived nanovesicles from mesenchymal stem cells as extracellular vesicle-mimetics in wound healing

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 1887-1902页

作者： Yub Raj Neupane Harish K.Handral Syed Abdullah Alkaff Wei Heng Chng Gopalakrishnan Venkatesan Chenyuan Huang Choon Keong Lee Jiong-Wei Wang Gopu Sriram Rhonnie Austria Dienzo Wen Feng Lu Yusuf Ali Bertrand Czarny giorgia Pastorin Department of Pharmacy National University of SingaporeSingapore 117559Singapore Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics the University of Iowa College of PharmacyIowa CityIA 52242USA Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group(AMR-IRG) Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and TechnologySingapore 138602Singapore Department of Surgery National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Cardiovascular Research Institute National University Heart CentreSingapore 117599Singapore Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme Centre for NanoMedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117609Singapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Faculty of Dentistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 119085Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Singapore Eye Research Institute(SERI) Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169856Singapore NUSNNI-NanoCore National University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore

Wound healing is a dynamic process that involves a series of molecular and cellular events aimed at replacing devitalized and missing cellular components and/or tissue ***,extracellular vesicles(EVs),naturally cell-secreted lipid membrane-bound vesicles laden with biological cargos including proteins,lipids,and nucleic acids,have drawn wide attention due to their ability to promote wound healing and tissue ***,current exploitation of EVs as therapeutic agents is limited by their low isolation yields and tedious isolation *** circumvent these challenges,bioinspired cell-derived nanovesicles(CDNs)that mimic EVs were obtained by shearing mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)through membranes with different pore *** characterisations and highthroughput proteomics confirmed that MSC-CDNs mimicked ***,these MSC-CDNs were efficiently uptaken by human dermal fibroblasts and demonstrated a dose-dependent activation of MAPK signalling pathway,resulting in enhancement of cell proliferation,cell migration,secretion of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins,which all promoted tissue *** note,MSC-CDNs enhanced angiogenesis in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in a 3D PEGfibrin scaffold and animal model,accelerating wound healing in vitro and in *** findings suggest that MSC-CDNs could replace both whole cells and EVs in promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles Cell-derived nanovesicles Bionanotechnology Mesenchymal stem cells Fibroblasts Cell proliferation Cell migration ECM Wound healing

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Molecular alterations in pancreatic tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第21期27卷 2710-2726页

作者： Michela Visani giorgia Acquaviva Antonio De Leo Viviana Sanza Lidia Merlo Thais Maloberti Alba ABrandes Enrico Franceschi Monica Di Battista Michele Masetti Elio Jovine Sirio Fiorino Annalisa Pession Giovanni Tallini Dario de Biase Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty MedicineUniversity of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic UnitAzienda USL di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Division of Molecular Pathology Laboratory IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Medical Oncology Department Azienda USL/IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di BolognaBologna 40139Italy Division of Surgery IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40133Italy Internal Medicine Unit Budrio Hospital Azienda USLBologna 40133Italy Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Genetic alterations in pancreatic tumors can usually be classified in:(1)Mutational activation of oncogenes;(2)Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes;and(3)Inactivation of genome maintenance genes controlling the repair of DNA *** ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration has improved preoperative diagnosis,but the management of patients with a pancreatic lesion is still *** testing could help mainly in solving these“inconclusive”*** introduction of multi-gene analysis approaches,such as next-generation sequencing,has provided a lot of useful information on the molecular characterization of pancreatic *** types of pancreatic tumors(e.g.,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas,intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,solid pseudopapillary tumors)are characterized by specific molecular *** aim of this review is to summarize the main molecular alterations found in pancreatic tumors.

关键词： Pancreatic tumors Molecular alterations Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Mutations Molecular markers

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Pancreatitis complicating mucin-hypersecreting common bile duct adenoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第30期12卷 4927-4929页

作者： Panagiotis Katsinelos George Basdanis Grigorios Chatzimavroudis giorgia Karagiannoulou Taxiarchis Katsinelos George Paroutoglou Basilios Papaziogas George Paraskevas Department of Endoscopy and Motility Unit "G.Gennimatas" Hospital Ethnikis Aminis 41 Thessaloniki 54635 Greece Department of Pathology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece

Villous adenomas of the bile ducts are extremely uncommon. We describe a 58-year-old man presenting with clinical signs and laboratory findings of acute pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice. Preoperative investigation demonstrated a dilated papillary orifice with mucus exiting （fish-mouth sign） and a filling defect in the distal common bile duct. He underwent a modified Whipple operation and histological examination of the surgical specimen showed villous adenoma with rich secretion of mucus.

关键词： Villous adenoma Common bile duct Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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使用MATLAB轻松享受GPU的强大功能

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电子设计技术 EDN CHINA 2012年第3期19卷 57-58,62页

作者： giorgia Zucchelli MathWorks

近年来，使用GPU（通用图形处理器）进行科学计算已变得十分普遍。GPU最初设计用于图像密集型视频游戏产业中的图形渲染绘制，但近年来GPU不断发展，现可用于更广泛的用途。研究人员可对其进行程序设计以执行计算，用于数据分析、数据... 详细信息

近年来，使用GPU（通用图形处理器）进行科学计算已变得十分普遍。GPU最初设计用于图像密集型视频游戏产业中的图形渲染绘制，但近年来GPU不断发展，现可用于更广泛的用途。研究人员可对其进行程序设计以执行计算，用于数据分析、数据可视化，以及金融和生物建模等应用。

关键词： GPU程序设计 MATLAB CPU MathWorks

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Health 2022年第5期14卷 477-506页

作者： Stefano Tugnoli Savino Spadaro Francesca Dalla Corte giorgia Valpiani Carlo Alberto Volta Stefano Caracciolo Neurological Psychiatric and Psychological Sciences Section Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Prevention University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit Section Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Prevention University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy Research and Innovation Office University Hospital S. Anna Ferrara Italy

We investigated the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and psychological distress in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors 12 months after ICU discharge. The purpose of this study, conducted and completed before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, was to find correlations among psychiatric symptoms detected by a screening tool as the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and the different domains of HRQOL measured with the SF-36 health survey (SF-36), in order to identify ICU survivors with Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) who need a specific psychiatric intervention to improve their HRQOL. Among 298 ICU survivors who stayed in the ICU for at least 72 hours, 48 patients were enrolled one year after discharge undergoing a clinical interview to assess their functional impairment (Barthel index), mental health (GHQ-28), and health-related quality of life (SF-36). 19% of those subjects had a GHQ-28 ≥ 5 and were identified as “psychiatric cases”, and they were older and experienced a greater impairment in HRQOL. Anxiety, insomnia, and depressive symptoms seemed to be particularly involved in the impairment of HRQOL. A negative correlation between GHQ-28 total scores and subscales and SF-36 subscales was found. Our findings highlighted that psychological distress in ICU survivors may negatively impact physical health recovery and quality of life;conversely, physical impairment and functional disability may trigger the onset of psychiatric symptoms after discharge. The present study is firstly to investigate the correlations between HRQOL and psychological distress in ICU survivors through the GHQ-28, and then affirms the need to carry out follow-up checks for psychiatric symptoms in ICU survivors.

关键词： ICU Survivors Psychological Distress Health-Related Quality of Life SF-36 Health Survey Scaled General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28)

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