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Differences in Kinetics,Kinematics and Muscle Activation Strategies in Male and Female Team Sport Athletes During Unanticipated Sidestepping

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第2期1卷 159-167页

作者： gillian Weir Mirra Stillman Richard van Emmerik Hannah Wyatt Carl Jewell Joseph Hamill Biomechanics Laboratory University of MassachusettsAmherstUSA Motor Control Laboratory University of MassachusettsAmherstUSA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare kinetics,kinematics and muscle activation strategies between male and female collegiate level athletes during unanticipated sidestepping tasks to further the understanding of sex-specific differ-ences in injury incidence and their potential influence on ACL injury *** Three-dimensional kinematics,ground reaction forces and surface electromyography of eight lower limb muscles were recorded during unanticipated sidestepping in 20 male soccer and 17 female field hockey National Collegiate Athlet-ics Association Division 1 ***,hip and knee kinematics,knee joint moments,total muscle activation(TMA:knee,gluteal,quadriceps,hamstrings and gastrocnemii)and directed co-contraction ratios(DCCR)were compared between groups with two-sample t *** No sex differences were observed for peak frontal and transverse plane knee moments(P>0.05),however males had 10%greater knee flexion moments(P=0.047).Females had lower hip flexion and abduction and greater hip internal rota-tion angles than males likely concomitant with the 30%reduction in gluteal TMA(P<0.05).Females had lower quadriceps TMA during pre-contact and weight acceptance and higher hamstrings TMA during weight acceptance(P<0.05).Group averages for DCCR were not representative of individual patterns,where the majority of males were quadriceps dominant compared with *** Female and male team sport athletes display similar frontal and transverse plane knee moments,however their ability to support/counter the load applied(i.e.,muscle activations strategies)to the knee joint differed.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Injury Valgus Co-contraction

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Assessment and impact of diastolic function by echocardiography in elderly patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第3期13卷 252-260页

作者： Clementina Dugo Marzia Rigolli Andrea Rossi gillian A Whalley Awhina Health Campus Waitemata District Health Board Auckland New Zealand Section of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Verona Italy Institute of Diagnostic Ultrasound Australasian Sonographers Association Melbourne Australia

Doppler echocardiography is the gold standard for assessment of diastolic dysfunction, which is increasingly recognised as a cause of heart failure, especially in the elderly. Using a combination of Doppler echocardiography techniques, it is possible to identify grades of dia- stolic dysftmction, estimate left ventricular filling pressures and establish the chronicity of diastolic dysfunction. These physiologi- cally-derived measures have been widely validated against invasive measurements of left heart pressures and have been shown to be prog- nostically valuable in a wide range of clinical settings. This review explores the mechanisms, and approaches to the assessment of diastolic dysfunction in the elderly. The challenge for clinicians is to identify pathophysiological changes from those associated with normal ageing. When used in combination, and taking age into account, Doppler echocardiographic parameters are helpful in the assessment of dyspnoea in older patients and provide prognostic insights.

关键词： Diastolic dysfunction Doppler Echocardiography

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Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns during Seed Coat Development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1074-1091页

作者： gillian Dean YongGuo Cao DaoQuan Xiang Nicholas J. Provart Larissa Ramsay Abdul Ahad Rick White Gopalan Selvaraj Raju Datla George Haughn Department of Botany University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada National Research Council of Canada Plant Biotechnology Institute 110 Gymnasium Place Saskatoon SK S7N owg Canada Department of Cell and Systems Biology/Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada Department of Statistics University of British Columbia 6356 Agricultural Road Vancouver BC V6T 1Z2 Canada

The seed coat is important for embryo protection, seed hydration, and dispersal. Seed coat composition is also of interest to the agricultural sector, since it impacts the nutritional value for humans and livestock alike. Although some seed coat genes have been identified, the developmental pathways controlling seed coat development are not completely elucidated, and a global genetic program associated with seed coat development has not been reported. This study uses a combination of genetic and genomic approaches in Arabidopsis thaliana to begin to address these knowledge gaps. Seed coat development is a complex process whereby the integuments of the ovule differentiate into specialized cell types. In Arabidopsis, the outermost layer of cells secretes mucilage into the apoplast and develops a secondary cell wall known as a columella. The layer beneath the epidermis, the palisade, synthesizes a secondary cell wall on its inner tangential side. The innermost layer （the pigmented layer or endothelium） produces proanthocyanidins that condense into tannins and oxidize, giving a brown color to mature seeds. Genetic separation of these cell layers was achieved using the ap2-7 and tt16-1 mutants, where the epidermis/palisade and the endothelium do not develop respectively. This genetic ablation was exploited to examine the developmental programs of these cell types by isolating and collecting seed coats at key tran- sitions during development and performing global gene expression analysis. The data indicate that the developmental programs of the epidermis and the pigmented layer proceed relatively independently. Global expression datasets that can be used for identification of new gene candidates for seed coat development were generated. These dataset provide a comprehensive expression profile for developing seed coats in Arabidopsis, and should provide a useful resource and reference for other seed systems.

关键词： Seed coat microarray APETALA2 TRANSPARENT TESTA16 mucilage pectin secondary cell wall pigmentedlayer proanthocyanidin.

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ImmunoPET imaging of amyloid-beta in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease with a bispecific,brain-penetrating fusion protein

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 70-83页

作者： gillian Bonvicini Stina Syvänen Ken G.Andersson Merja Haaparanta-Solin Francisco López-Picón Dag Sehlin Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Uppsala University75185 UppsalaSweden BioArctic AB 11251 StockholmSweden Preclinical Imaging Laboratory Turku PET CentreUniversity of Turku20520 TurkuFin-land MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku20520 TurkuFinland.

Background:Hijacking the transferrin receptor(TfR)is an effective strategy to transport amyloid-beta(Aβ)immuno-positron emission tomography(immunoPET)ligands across the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Such ligands are more sensitive and specific than small-molecule ligands at detecting Aβpathology in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).This study aimed to determine if this strategy would be as sensitive in rats and to assess how TfR affinity affects BBB transport of bispecific immunoPET ***:Two affinity variants of the rat TfR antibody,OX26,were chemically conjugated to a F(ab′)2 fragment of the anti-Aβantibody,bapineuzumab(Bapi),to generate two bispecific fusion proteins:OX265-F(ab′)2-Bapi and OX2676-F(ab′)*** analyses were performed 4 h and 70 h post-injection of radioiodinated fusion proteins in wild-type(WT)rats.[124I]I-OX265-F(ab′)2-Bapi was administered to TgF344-AD and WT rats for in vivo PET *** vivo distribution of injected[124I]I-OX265-F(ab′)2-Bapi and Aβpathology were ***:More[125I]I-OX265-F(ab′)2-Bapi was taken up into the brain 4 h post-administration than[124I]I-OX2676-F(ab′)2-Bapi.[124I]I-OX265-F(ab′)2-Bapi PET visualized Aβpathology with significantly higher signals in the TgF344-AD rats than in the WT littermates without Aβ*** PET signals significantly correlated with Aβlevels in AD ***:Affinity to TfR affects how efficiently a TfR-targeting bispecific fusion protein will cross the BBB,such that the higher-affinity bispecific fusion protein crossed the BBB more ***,bispecific immunoPET imaging of brain Aβpathology using TfR-mediated transport provides good imaging contrast between TgF344-AD and WT rats,suggesting that this immunoPET strategy has the potential to be translated to higher species.

关键词： ImmunoPET Transferrin receptor Alzheimer’s disease Amyloid-beta

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Role of Positive Selection Pressure on the Evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第1期7卷 47-56页

作者： Venkata R.S.K. Duvvuri Bhargavi Duvvuri Wilfred R. Cuff gillian E. Wu Jianhong Wu Center for Disease Modeling York Institute of Health Research York University Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences York University Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 3R2 Canada Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University Toronto Ontario M3J IP3 Canada

The surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin （HA） helps the influenza A virus to evade the host immune system by antigenic variation and is a major driving force for viral evolution. In this study, the selection pressure on HA of H5N1 influenza A virus was analyzed using bioinformatics algorithms. Most of the identified positive selection （PS） sites were found to be within or adjacent to epitope sites. Some of the identified PS sites are consistent with previous experimental studies, providing further support to the biological significance of our findings. The highest frequency of PS sites was observed in recent strains isolated during 2005-2007. Phylogenetic analysis was also conducted on HA sequences from various hosts. Viral drift is almost similar in both avian and human species with a progressive trend over the years. Our study reports new mutations in functional regions of HA that might provide markers for vaccine design or can be used to predict isolates of pandemic potential.

关键词： positive selection H5N1 hemagglutinin epitope bioinformatics

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Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency RF probe

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin J.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker gillian R.Goward Bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variable field magnet Lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

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Physiotherapists’ and occupational therapists’ perceptions of the assessment of stroke patients for musculoskeletal rehabilitation in the UK national health service

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Health 2013年第9期5卷 1478-1485页

作者： Christopher Golby gillian Lewando Hundt Vinesh Raja 1Institute of Digital Healthcare WMG University of Warwick Coventry UK Institute of Digital Healthcare WMG University of Warwick Coventry UK Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry UK

Background and Purpose: This exploratory study focused on the assessment of stroke patients for musculoskeletal rehabilitation in the United Kingdom National Health Service. It was the first phase of research on developing telerehabilitation for the assessment of patients who have had a stroke. The assessment of stroke patients for musculoskeletal rehabilitation is currently performed at the therapist’s discretion using different outcome measures. When looking at the Department of Health’s “National Clinical Guidelines for Stroke”, it is stated that there are a variety of outcome measures, yet no particular one is recommended. It is specified that each rehabilitation sector should select its own methodologies. Aim: The aim of this exploratory study was to understand physiotherapists’ and occupational therapists’ perspectives of the strengths and weaknesses of current rehabilitative assessment of stroke patients in the UK National Health Service. Methods: This study had 2 parts, non-participant observation with 2 therapists and 3 patients, and 10 semi-structured interviews with 5 physiotherapists and 5 occupational therapists to identify current practice, problem areas, and what types of improvements could be made. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic coding. Results: Seven emergent themes were identified portraying how outcome measures are currently not being used in a standardized way within National Health Service?hospitals. This means that the feedback provided to patients, therapists and healthcare commissioners is limited. Therapists are currently performing more informal assessments each time a patient begins therapy and concerns are shown with these methods of assessment, including subjectivity, standardization issues and time. Interviewed therapists were clear that they believed that change is required within this field. Conclusions: This study raises concerns about the methodologies used for the assessment of stroke patients for rehabilit

关键词： Stroke Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal Assessment Physiotherapy Occupational Therapy

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The Effect of Brief Mindfulness Meditation on Cold-Pressor Induced Pain Responses in Healthy Adults

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2017年第2期5卷 11-19页

作者： David Burnett gillian Phillips Osama A. Tashani School of Clinical and Applied Sciences Leeds Beckett University Leeds United Kingdom

We hypothesised a 10 minute mindfulness based intervention performed by a novice therapist would have a beneficial effect on pain responses in naive participants. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to the control group or mindfulness meditation group. The control group sat quietly for 10 minutes in between two cold pressor tasks. The mindfulness meditation intervention group practiced 10 minutes of mindfulness meditation in between cold-pressor tasks following standardised mindfulness of breathing meditation technique instructions provided by a male investigator. A significant interaction effect was found between anxiety towards pain ratings (pre-intervention vs. post-intervention) and intervention (F = 6.29, p = 0.02). There was a significant decrease (t = 4.07, p = 0.002) in anxiety towards pain ratings in the mindfulness meditation group following intervention. A significant interaction effect was found between pain threshold times (pre-intervention vs. post-intervention) and intervention (F = 18.45, p 0.001) in pain threshold times in the mindfulness meditation group following intervention. A significant interaction effect was found between pain tolerance times (pre-intervention vs. post-intervention) and intervention (F = 18.34, p < 0.001). A significant increase (t = -4.20, p = 0.001) in pain tolerance times in the mindfulness meditation group following intervention was also found. The results suggest a single 10 minute mindfulness meditation intervention administered by a novice therapist can improve pain tolerance, pain threshold and decrease anxiety towards pain in na?ve healthy university aged individuals.

关键词： Mindfulness Pain Cold-Pressor Task Brief Session Pain Relief

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Peer Pressure and Family Smoking Habits Influence Smoking Uptake in Teenage Boys Attending School: Multilevel Modeling of Survey Data

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2016年第3期6卷 167-172页

作者： Shafquat Rozi Sadia Mahmud gillian Lancaster Nida Zahid Department of Mathematics and Statistics Lancaster University Lancashire UK Department of Community Health Sciences Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan Department of Paediatrics & Child Health Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan

Introduction: Among young teens, about one in five smokes worldwide. Adolescents spend a considerable amount of their time in school, and the school environment is therefore important for child health practices and outcomes. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact on smoking behavior of the school environment and the personal characteristics of male teenage students attending schools in Pakistan, taking into account the survey sampling structure. Methods: A two-stage cluster sampling with stratification was employed, and we interviewed 772 male secondary school students. We adopted random effect and generalizing estimating equation models. Results: Peer pressure in particular had a strong influence on adolescents smoking;those whose friends smoked were up to 6 times more likely to smoke. Family smoking was also significantly associated with adolescents smoking, but those students whose mother was educated were 50% less likely to smoke. The fitted random effect model indicated that the between school variability was significant (p-value < 0.01), indicating differences in smoking habits between schools. A random coefficient model showed that variability among schools was not significantly different for public and private schools. Conclusion: Public health campaigns for smoking cessation should target not only the individual but also the families of adolescents attending schools.

关键词： Teenage Smoking Multilevel Model Binary Outcome Public & Private Schools

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Open-Label Real-World Pharmacy Purchaser Study of Two Fixed-Dose Combination OTC Cold Treatments;Wick MediNait, Wick DayMed Capsules or a Combination of Both

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2018年第3期8卷 43-62页

作者： gillian Phillipson David Ramsey Sue Aspley Ingo Fietze Procter&Gamble International Operations Geneva Business CenterGenevaSwitzerland Procter&Gamble Health Care MasonOHUSA Procter&Gamble Technical Centres Ltd. SurreyUK Center of Sleep Medicine Charité—Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

Acute upper respiratory tract infections, i.e. common colds cause multiple symptoms and affect adults on average 2 - 4 times a year and children 6 - 8 times per year. Thousands of non-prescription, over-the-counter products are used by sufferers, aimed at relieving the various both er some symptoms such as cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, etc. This study evaluated real-world effectiveness of Wick MediNait or Wick DayMed medicines alone and together in a combination as a day and night treatment regimen. Adult cold sufferers were recruited in pharmacy by pharmacy staff following self-purchase of either Wick MediNait, Wick DayMed capsules, or the combination of DayMed and MediNait. Participants completed online questionnaires before and after product use (evening of the first day for DayMed and the morning after using MediNait at bedtime). For the primary endpoint “Wick MediNait was effective at relieving my symptoms”, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) in the users who Strongly Agreed or Agreed vs. Neither Agreed or Disagreed, Disagreed or Strongly Disagreed. Further, all symptoms evaluated (cough, runny nose, nasal congestion, fever, headache, sore throat, muscle aches and pains, sneezing) were statistically improved after MediNait and DayMed alone and when both were used, and users were satisfied with both treatments. All treatments were well tolerated with minimal adverse event reporting. The diurnal use of DayMed capsules combined with the nocturnal use of MediNait allows cold sufferers to efficiently self-manage their symptom relief throughout the day and night.

关键词： Wick MediNait Real-World Use User Satisfaction Observational Cold Symptom Relief Sleep Quality

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