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Climate Warming Mitigation from Nationally Determined Contributions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1217-1228页

作者： Bo FU Jingyi lI thomas gasser Philippe CIAIS Shilong PIAO Shu TAO Guofeng SHEN Yuqin lAI luchao HAN Bengang lI Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA) 2361 LaxenburgAustria laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Individual countries are requested to submit nationally determined contributions(NDCs)to alleviate global warming in the Paris Agreement.However,the global climate effects and regional contributions are not explicitly considered in the countries’decision-making process.In this study,we evaluate the global temperature slowdown of the NDC scenario(ΔT=0.6°C)and attribute the global temperature slowdown to certain regions of the world with a compact earth system model.Considering reductions in CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,BC,and SO_(2),the R5OECD(the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1990)and R5ASIA(Asian countries)are the top two contributors to global warming mitigation,accounting for 39.3%and 36.8%,respectively.R5lAM(latin America and the Caribbean)and R5MAF(the Middle East and Africa)followed behind,with contributions of 11.5%and 8.9%,respectively.The remaining 3.5%is attributed to R5REF(the Reforming Economies).Carbon Dioxide emission reduction is the decisive factor of regional contributions,but not the only one.Other greenhouse gases are also important,especially for R5MAF.The contribution of short-lived aerosols is small but significant,notably SO_(2)reduction in R5ASIA.We argue that additional species beyond CO_(2)need to be considered,including short-lived pollutants,when planning a route to mitigate climate change.It needs to be emphasized that there is still a gap to achieve the Paris Agreement 2-degree target with current NDC efforts,let alone the ambitious 1.5-degree target.All countries need to pursue stricter reduction policies for a more sustainable world.

关键词： climate mitigation nationally determined contributions attribution regional contribution integrated assessment models

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Efficacy of 2lPAPI^®, a Micro-Immunotherapy Drug, in Patients with High-Risk Papillomavirus Genital Infection

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 7-14页

作者： gilles thomas Hélène Cluzel Jacqueline lafon Jacques Bruhwyler Béatrice lejeune Private Gynecology Practice Perpignan France labo’life France sarl Pescalis Les Magny France ECSOR sa/nv Blanmont Belgium labo’life Belgium sprl Les Isnes Belgium

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are well known for being linked to the development of cervical cancers, most of them being caused by the high-risk (HR) oncogenic genotypes, mainly 16 and 18. The efficacy of 2lPAPI® (labo’life), a micro-immunotherapy homeopathic drug, has been evaluated in HR-HPV infected women (n = 18), in a private gynecology practice, by comparing them to an untreated control group (n = 18). Patients were 20 to 45 years old and had cytology with Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) or low grade Superficial Intra lesions/ Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade I (lSIl/CINI). Patients freely chose to be treated with the drug or not. Those deciding not to take the drug remained untreated and were followed as a control group. The drug was taken at the regimen of one capsule per day during 6 months. HR-HPV and cytology were evaluated at 6 and 12 months. After 12 months, HR-HPV was cleared in 78% of the patients taking the drug versus 44% in those not taking it (p = 0.086). In patients over 25 years, HR-HPV clearance in the treated group was significantly higher (81.3%) than in the control group (20%) (p = 0.004). The difference in the regression of the lesion grades almost reached statistical significance (p = 0.053). This follow-up confirms that the micro-immunotherapy drug 2lPAPI® is a safe and effective therapeutic approach to treat HR-HPV cervical lesions in women over 25 years.

关键词： High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Micro-Immunotherapy Genital Infection Homeopathy 2lPAPI®

MSH1 Is a Plant Organellar DNA Binding and Thylakoid Protein under Precise Spatial Regulation to Alter Development

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Molecular Plant 2016年第2期9卷 245-260页

作者： Kamaldeep S. Virdi Yashitola Wamboldt Hardik Kundariya John D. laurie Ido Keren K.R. Sunil Kumar Anna Block gilles Basset Steve luebker Christian Elowsky Philip M. Day Johnna l. Roose Terry M. Bricker thomas Elthon Sally A. Mackenzie School of Biological Sciences Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 USA Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 USA Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA These authors contributed equally to this article

As metabolic centers, plant organelles participate in maintenance, defense, and signaling. MSH1 is a plant- specific protein involved in organeUar genome stability in mitochondria and plastids. Plastid depletion of MSH1 causes heritable, non-genetic changes in development and DNA methylation. We investigated the rash I phenotype using hemi-complementation mutants and transgene-null segregants from RNAi suppres- sion lines to sub-compartmentalize MSH1 effects. We show that MSH1 expression is spatially regulated, specifically localizing to plastids within the epidermis and vascular parenchyma. The protein binds DNA and localizes to plastid and mitochondrial nucleoids, but fractionation and protein-protein interactions data indicate that MSH1 also associates with the thylakoid membrane. Plastid MSH1 depletion results in variegation, abiotic stress tolerance, variable growth rate, and delayed maturity. Depletion from mitochon- dria results in 7%-10% of plants altered in leaf morphology, heat tolerance, and mitochondrlal genome sta- bility. MSH1 does not localize within the nucleus directly, but plastid depletion produces non-genetic changes in flowering time, maturation, and growth rate that are heritable independent of MSH 1. MSH1 deple- tion alters non-photoactive redox behavior in plastids and a sub-set of mitochondrially altered lines. Ectopic expression produces deleterious effects, underlining its strict expression control. Unraveling the complexity of the MSH1 effect offers insight into triggers of plant-specific, transgenerational adaptation behaviors.

关键词： Thylakoid protein Organellar DNA binding MSH1 Epigenetic variation

麻醉中肌肉松弛药与逆转剂应用指南—法国麻醉与重症监测治疗学会(SFAR 2020)

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中华麻醉学杂志 2022年第7期42卷 771-793页

作者： Benoît Plaud Christophe Baillard Jean-louis Bourgain Gaëlle Bouroche laetitia Desplanque Jean-Michel Devys Dominique Fletcher thomas Fuchs-Buder gilles lebuffe Claude Meistelman Cyrus Motamed Julien Raft Frédérique Servin Didier Sirieix Karem Slim lionel Velly Franck Verdonk Bertrand Debaene 巴黎大学巴黎公共援助医院麻醉和重症监护科圣路易医院巴黎75010法国巴黎大学巴黎公共援助医院麻醉和重症监护科科钦医院皇家港巴黎75014法国古斯塔夫-鲁西研究所麻醉科犹太城94800法国里昂贝拉尔中心麻醉科里昂69008法国巴黎公共援助医院麻醉和重症监护科克劳德·贝尔纳德医院巴黎75877法国罗斯柴尔德基金会医院麻醉和重症监护科巴黎75019法国凡尔赛-伊夫林地区圣康坦大学巴黎公共援助医院安布鲁瓦兹·帕雷医院麻醉科布洛涅-比扬古92100法国洛林大学南锡大学中心医院麻醉和重症监护科南锡地区54511法国里尔大学赫里兹医院麻醉和重症监护科里尔59037法国洛林癌症研究所麻醉科南锡地区54519法国 Marzet-Navarre集团综合医院麻醉科波城64000法国奥弗涅大学消化和肝胆外科埃斯坦医院克莱蒙费朗63100法国艾克斯-马赛大学蒂莫内医院麻醉和重症监护科马赛13385法国索邦大学圣安托万医院巴黎75012法国普瓦提埃大学麻醉和重症监护科普瓦提埃大学中心医院普瓦提埃86021法国

目的为更新1999年法国共识"麻醉中肌肉松弛药与逆转剂的应用"特召集16名专家成立共识委员会。编写开始时宣布庄重的利益声明与分歧监督原则,并在编写过程中予以执行,本指南编写全过程不依赖任何商业资助。所有作者均需遵循推荐分级的评... 详细信息

目的为更新1999年法国共识"麻醉中肌肉松弛药与逆转剂的应用"特召集16名专家成立共识委员会。编写开始时宣布庄重的利益声明与分歧监督原则,并在编写过程中予以执行,本指南编写全过程不依赖任何商业资助。所有作者均需遵循推荐分级的评价、制定与评估系统的原则(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GRADE?),以评估这些推荐意见的证据质量,规避基于低质量证据做出强推荐的可能性。故有少数推荐意见仍未分等级。方法专家组的讨论主要集中在以下8个问题:(1)在无面罩通气困难标准的情况下,是否有必要在注射肌肉松弛药前检查面罩通气的可行性?面罩通气是否有必要使用肌肉松弛药?(2)为便于气管插管是否有必要使用肌肉松弛药?(3)是否有必要使用肌肉松弛药以便于声门上气道装置的置入及管理相关并发症?(4)是否有必要应用神经肌肉阻滞监测来进行气道管理?(5)是否有必要应用肌肉松弛药以利于手术的进行?如有必要,是哪种手术?(6)术中是否有必要监测神经肌肉阻滞程度?(7)防治肌肉松弛药残留阻滞作用的策略是什么?(8)在特殊人群中(如电休克治疗、肥胖、儿童、神经肌肉疾病、肝/肾功能衰竭、老年患者)使用肌肉松弛药和逆转剂的适应证及注意事项是什么?所有问题都采用研究对象、干预、对照和预后(Population,Intervention,Comparison and Outcome,PICO)模型中的临床问题予以阐明,并生成证据档案,最后采用GRADE?系统评估文献分析的结果并进行推荐。结果SFAR指南专家组提出了31项关于麻醉中应用肌肉松弛药与逆转剂的推荐意见。在这些推荐意见中,有11项是属于强推荐(GRADE 1±),有20项是属于弱推荐(GRADE 2±),有5项应用GRADE?系统无法给出推荐意见,其中2个问题生成了专家意见。经过2轮讨论和1次修订后,所有指南和方案都获得了专家组的一致同意。结论关于麻醉中应用肌肉松弛药与逆转剂的多项强推荐意见,专家间意见基本一致。SFAR推荐在整个麻醉过程中使用神经肌肉功能监测仪来监测神经肌肉阻滞程度。

关键词：肌肉松弛药逆转剂神经肌肉监测专家指南更新

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Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATlAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios l. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.l. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.l. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo l. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines l. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli l.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal l. Barak M. Barakat E.l. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATlAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced background.This paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATlAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATlAS experiment.Two taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet pseudorapidity.Differences in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATlAS JET QUARK GlUON TAGGING

Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil heterotrophic respiration

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 60-73页

作者： Philippe Ciais Yitong Yao thomas gasser Alessandro Baccini Yilong Wang Ronny lauerwald Shushi Peng Ana Bastos Wei li Peter A.Raymond Josep G.Canadell Glen P.Peters Rob J.Andres Jinfeng Chang Chao Yue A.Johannes Dolman Vanessa Haverd Jens Hartmann Goulven laruelle Alexandra G.Konings Anthony W.King Yi liu Sebastiaan luyssaert Fabienne Maignan Prabir K.Patra Anna Peregon Pierre Regnier Julia Pongratz Benjamin Poulter Anatoly Shvidenko Riccardo Valentini Rong Wang Grégoire Broquet Yi Yin Jakob Zscheischler Bertrand Guenet Daniel S.Goll Ashley-P.Ballantyne Hui Yang Chunjing Qiu Dan Zhu State Key laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the loess Plateau Northwest A&F University CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere 15. Institute for Geology CEN—Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversity of Hamburg 16. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University 17. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford UniversityStanford 18. School of Geographical SciencesNanjing University of Information Science and Technology 19. Department of Ecological SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam 20. Research Institute for Global ChangeJAMSTEC laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAY Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Tuva State University Republic of Tuva Max Planck Institute for Meteorology NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Biospheric Sciences Lab. 26. Department for Innovation in BiologicalAgro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF)University of Tuscia RUDN University Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and PreventionInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan University 29. Division of Geological and Planetary SciencesCalifornia Institute of Technology 30. Climate and Environmental Physics and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change ResearchUniversity of Bern 31. Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sci

Resolving regional carbon budgets is critical for informing land-based mitigation policy. For nine regions covering nearly the whole globe, we collected inventory estimates of carbon-stock changes complemented by satellite estimates of biomass changes where inventory data are missing. The net land–atmospheric carbon exchange(NEE) was calculated by taking the sum of the carbon-stock change and lateral carbon fluxes from crop and wood trade, and riverine-carbon export to the ocean. Summing up NEE from all regions, we obtained a global ‘bottom-up’ NEE for net land anthropogenic CO2uptake of –2.2 ± 0.6 Pg C yr-1consistent with the independent top-down NEE from the global atmospheric carbon budget during 2000–2009. This estimate is so far the most comprehensive global bottom-up carbon budget accounting, which set up an important milestone for global carbon-cycle studies. By decomposing NEE into component fluxes, we found that global soil heterotrophic respiration amounts to a source of CO2of 39 Pg C yr-1with an interquartile of 33–46 Pg C yr-1—a much smaller portion of net primary productivity than previously reported.

关键词： carbon budget human appropriation of ecosystems soil carbon

Theranostics:纳米热疗法或可软化肿瘤,提高癌症靶向疗法的治疗效率

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第3期17卷 I0003-I0003页

作者： Iris Marangon Amanda A. K. Silva thomas Guilbert Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi Carmen Marchiol Sharuja Natkhunarajah Foucault Chamming’s Cécilia Ménard-Moyon Alberto Bianco Jean-luc Gennisson gilles Renault Florence Gazeau laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) CNRS-UMR 7057 Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France Plateforme Imagerie Institut Cochin Inserm U1016-CNRS UMR8104-Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris 22 rue Méchain 75014 Paris France PARCC Inserm U970 Paris Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC / Université Paris-Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité 56 rue Leblanc 75015 Paris France University of Strasbourg CNRS Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry UPR 3572 67000 Strasbourg France Institut langevin CNRS-UMR 7587 1 place Jussieu 75205 Paris France.✉ Corresponding author: Florence GAZEAU rf.toredid-sirap-vinu@uaezag.ecnerolf. Tel: +33 (0)1 57 27 62 03 Fax: +33 (0)1 57 27 62 11.Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

肿瘤的机械阻力和标准疗法的附带损伤往往会阻碍抵御癌症的效果，近日，来自法国国家健康与医学研究所等机构的研究人员通过对肿瘤加热成功软化了恶性肿瘤，这种方法称之为纳米热疗法，其能够让肿瘤对治疗制剂更加敏感，相关研究刊登于... 详细信息

肿瘤的机械阻力和标准疗法的附带损伤往往会阻碍抵御癌症的效果，近日，来自法国国家健康与医学研究所等机构的研究人员通过对肿瘤加热成功软化了恶性肿瘤，这种方法称之为纳米热疗法，其能够让肿瘤对治疗制剂更加敏感，相关研究刊登于国际杂志Theranostics上。

关键词：恶性肿瘤热疗法软化纳米癌症疗效附带损伤机械阻力