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Petrology of Spinel-Lherzolite Xenoliths from Mazéléand Others Northen Xenoliths Localities of Cameroon Volcanic Line: Exchange Reactions and Equilibrium State

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第5期14卷 629-653页

作者： Nguihdama dagwai Kamgang Pierre Mbowou Gbambié Isaac Bertrand Chazot gilles Ngounouno Ismaïla department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon department of Mineral Prospecting and Exploration Technologies School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon Ocean Geosciences Laboratory European University Institute of the Sea (IUEM) Brest France

The alkaline volcanism of the Cameroon Volcanic Line in its northern domain has raised many fresh enclaves of peridotites. The samples selected come from five (05) different localities (Liri, in the plateau of Kapsiki, Mazélé in the NE of Ngaoundéré, Tello and Ganguiré in the SE of Ngaoundéré and Likok, locality located in the west of Ngaoundé). The peridotite enclaves of the above localities show restricted mineralogical variation. Most are four-phase spinel-lherzolites, indicating that this is the main lithology that forms the lithospheric mantle below the shallow zone. No traces of garnet or primary plagioclase were detected, which strongly limits the depth range from which the rock fragments were sampled. The textures and the wide equilibrium temperatures (884˚C - 1115˚C) indicate also entrainment of lherzolite xenoliths from shallow depths within the lithosphere and the presence of mantle diapirism. The exchange reactions and equilibrium state established in this work make it possible to characterize the chemical composition of the upper mantle of each region and test the equilibrium state of the phases between them. Variations of major oxides and incompatible elemental concentrations in clinopyroxene indicate a primary control by partial melting. The absence of typical “metasomatic” minerals, low equilibration temperatures and enriched LREE patterns indicate that the upper mantle below septentrional crust of Cameroun underwent an event of cryptic metasomatic enrichment prior to partial melting. The distinctive chemical features, LREE enrichment, strong U, Ce and Pr, depletion relative to Ba, Nb, La, Pb, and T, fractionation of Zr and Hf and therefore ligh high Zr/Hf ratio, low La/Yb, Nb/La and Ti/Eu are all results of interaction of refractory peridotite residues with carbonatite melts.

关键词： Xenoliths Upper Mantle Northern Region Adamawa Cameroon Volcanic Line Exchange Reaction

Implementation of the Acclimatization Process for Ginger Plantlets (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2236-2248页

作者： Florentin danton Kango gilles Habib Todjro Cacaï Serge Sètondji Houédjissin Jerome Anani Hounguè Jaures Riwan Uriel Kouke david dègbé Allotchémè Corneille Ahanhanzo Central Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Department of Genetic and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important culinary and medicinal spice but is rarely cultivated due to the unavailability of seeds. Given the difficulties in adapting to plantlets produced in natural environments, it is important to analyze the survival conditions of ginger plantlets. For this reason, we varied the incubation temperature and humidity as well as the substrate during the weaning phase. Then, we varied the nutrients contained in the watering solution during the hardening phase. The statistical analysis showed that physical factors and substrates significantly influenced (p d the phylogenesis, rhizogenesis, and height growth of the plantlets. The suitable physical factors for good development of plantlets are a temperature of 26.54˚C and a humidity of 96.16%. The 1C2T2TC substrate (1 Compost + 2 Soil + 2 Coconut Peat) had a significant survival rate of approximately 92.5%. during hardening, the Plantzym solution promoted good growth in terms of plantlet height (0.6 cm) and good development of roots (30 roots) and leaves (03 leaves). This work will make it possible to develop a technical seed production sheet for better development of ginger cultivation in Benin.

关键词： Acclimatization Zingiber officinale Weaning Nutrient Solutions Substrates

从国家文化安全的视角剖析海外华人的安全形势——基于欧洲华人社群的经验数据

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长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第4期39卷 120-130页

作者：李武智 gilles Guiheux 巴黎西岱大学亚非美社会科学研究中心法国巴黎75013

文章参考西方学术界关于东方主义和种族主义的相关理论,结合不同职业、不同年龄的欧洲华人社群的经验数据,剖析这一群体所处的文化安全处境,探索文化安全对其经济安全、人身安全和身份认同安全的影响。研究发现,西方社会对包括中国在内... 详细信息

文章参考西方学术界关于东方主义和种族主义的相关理论,结合不同职业、不同年龄的欧洲华人社群的经验数据,剖析这一群体所处的文化安全处境,探索文化安全对其经济安全、人身安全和身份认同安全的影响。研究发现,西方社会对包括中国在内的东方主义印象与对移民群体的种族主义偏见有着紧密联系,这使得欧洲华人群体的文化安全形势复杂且脆弱。保护海外华人个体的文化安全与保卫我国整体的文化安全密不可分,海外华人所处的文化安全形势对理解我国面临的整体文化安全挑战至关重要。

关键词：文化安全东方主义文化帝国主义种族主义移民海外华人

Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice davrieux Joseph Martin Bell Jean-Francois Rami daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAd UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre d’Etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAd UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional *** this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed *** elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 *** were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-dA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between *** magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid *** yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples *** pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the ***,a PLS-dA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment *** confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different f

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

A Budd-Chiari Syndrome due to C Protein deficiency: A Case Report at YaoundéGeneral Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 117-124页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam gilles Gael Aghoagni Gouajio Armel Awana Tenone danah Larry Tangie Ngek Mathurin Kowo Firmin Andoulo Ankouane Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Came-roon department of Internal Medicine and Peadiatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buéa Buéa Cameroon department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Primary Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a spontaneously fatal disease characterized by an obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract due to thrombosis or a primary disease of the venous wall. The primary form of BCS is extremely rare. This is a disease mainly affecting young adults of both sexes. Clinical manifestations are variable;they can be asymptomatic, acute, or subacute but mostly chronic. Several causes have been identified, such as myeloproliferative syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and inherited thrombotic disorders. data on primary BCS in Sub-Saharan Africa is rare as most publications available are case reports. In these reports, the causes are unknown with poor prognosis in most cases often leading to patient death. We herein present a case report of a male patient diagnosed with a primary BCS at Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon) caused by a Protein C deficiency who presented with ascites decompensating liver cirrhosis. Treatment was based on anticoagulants, diuretics and laxatives administration. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient is alive with clinical and paraclinical improvement.

关键词： Budd-Chiari Syndrome Hepatic Veins Liver Cirrhosis Protein C deficiency Cameroon

SEEMINGLY INJECTIVE VON NEUMANN ALGEBRAS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2021年第6期41卷 2055-2085页

作者： gilles PISIER department of Mathematics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843-3368USA

We show that a QWEP von Neumann algebra has the weak* positive approximation property if and only if it is seemingly injective in the following sense: there is a factorization of the identity of Id_(M)= vu : M→uB(H)→vM with u normal, unital, positive and v completely contractive. As a corollary, if M has a separable predual, M is isomorphic(as a Banach space) to B(l2). For instance this applies(rather surprisingly) to the von Neumann algebra of any free group. Nevertheless, since B(H) fails the approximation property(due to Szankowski) there are M ’s(namely B(H)^(**) and certain finite examples defined using ultraproducts) that are not seemingly ***, for M to be seemingly injective it suffices to have the above factorization of I dM through B(H) with u, v positive(and u still normal).

关键词： von Neumann algebra injectivity positive approximation property

Towards an enhanced interpretation of δ18O changes during the past 300 kyr over Asia

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National Science Review 2022年第11期9卷 63-64页

作者： gilles Ramstein Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversite Paris-Saclay

For many decades, the impact of orbital forcing on monsoon systems has been intensively studied. Rapidly, attention has been drawn to the Mid-Holocene due to the ’Green Sahara’, which was depicted, using many different proxies, as much more humid than the present-day desert. It also corresponds to enhanced Asian monsoons [1]. Climate models have been used to simulate this period.

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纤维素纳米晶和氧化石墨烯共稳定皮克林乳液制备光热相变材料微胶囊用于太阳能和热能储存（英文）

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Science China Materials 2024年第10期67卷 3225-3235页

作者：孙旺张哲张振贺妮莎魏强丰柳王正浩吴洁刘灿付时雨侯晔琳 gilles Sèbe 周国富 SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of device Integrated Responsive Materials (dIRM) Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life Sciences Hubei University Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China Southwest Forestry University Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO) UMR 5629 University of Bordeaux CNRSBordeaux INP State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology

相变材料（PCM）在相变过程中可以储存或释放大量的热能,因此在热管理领域备受关注.然而,PCM的泄漏问题严重限制了其应用.将PCM封装在聚合物壳层的微胶囊中是一种有效防止PCM泄漏的方法,同时也增加了PCM与基体的传热面积.具有光热转换... 详细信息

相变材料（PCM）在相变过程中可以储存或释放大量的热能,因此在热管理领域备受关注.然而,PCM的泄漏问题严重限制了其应用.将PCM封装在聚合物壳层的微胶囊中是一种有效防止PCM泄漏的方法,同时也增加了PCM与基体的传热面积.具有光热转换性能的PCM微胶囊可以将太阳能转为热能进行存储,是一种有效利用太阳能的方法.本研究以纤维素纳米晶（CNC）和氧化石墨烯（GO）共稳定的PCM皮克林乳液为模板,制备了以密胺树脂（MF）为壳层的,具有光热转换性能的PCM微胶囊.CNC具有优异的皮克林乳化能力,可促进GO在油水界面的固定,从而可制备出CNC和GO共稳定的PCM皮克林乳液.然后通过多巴胺的氧化自聚合、MF前驱体的原位聚合和交联,在CNC和GO共稳定的PCM皮克林乳液表面原位形成聚多巴胺（PdA）层和MF壳层.由于多巴胺的还原作用,GO被还原为还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）.所制备的PCM@CNC/rGO/PdA/MF微胶囊具有均匀的微米级尺寸、优异的防漏性能、高相变焓(175.4 J g-1)和高PCM芯材含量（84.2%）.而且rGO和PdA的存在使PCM微胶囊具有出色的光热转换性能.在1 Wcm-2的光照下,PCM@CNC/rGO/PdA/MF微胶囊浆料（15wt%）的温度可高达到73℃.因此,光热PCM@CNC/rGO/PdA/MF微胶囊可应用于太阳能收集、热能储存和释放,在节能建筑和智能纺织品等领域具有广泛的应用前景.

关键词： graphene oxide cellulose nanocrystal Pickering emulsion phase change material microcapsule photothermal

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PM_(2.5) source apportionment in a French urban coastal site under steelworks emission influences using constrained non-negative matrix factorization receptor model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第2期28卷 114-128页

作者： Adib Kfoury Frederic Ledoux Cloe Roche gilles delmaire gilles Roussel dominique Courcot Unite de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) EA4492 Universite du Littoral Cote d'Opale F-59140 Dunkerque France Laboratoire d'Informatique Signal et Image de la Cote d'Opale (LISIC) EA4491 Universite du Littoral Cote d'Opale F-52228 Calais France

The constrained weighted-non-negative matrix factorization（CW-NMF） hybrid receptor model was applied to study the influence of steelmaking activities on PM_（2.5）（particulate matter with equivalent aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm） composition in dunkerque,Northern France. Semi-diurnal PM_（2.5）samples were collected using a high volume sampler in winter 2010 and spring 2011 and were analyzed for trace metals, water-soluble ions, and total carbon using inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）,ICP- mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）, ionic chromatography and micro elemental carbon analyzer. The elemental composition shows that NO_3^-, SO_4^（2-）, NH_4~＋and total carbon are the main PM_（2.5）constituents. Trace metals data were interpreted using concentration roses and both influences of integrated steelworks and electric steel plant were evidenced. The distinction between the two sources is made possible by the use Zn/Fe and Zn/Mn diagnostic ratios. Moreover Rb/Cr, Pb/Cr and Cu/Cd combination ratio are proposed to distinguish the ISW-sintering stack from the ISW-fugitive emissions. The a priori knowledge on the influencing source was introduced in the CW-NMF to guide the calculation. Eleven source profiles with various contributions were identified： 8 are characteristics of coastal urban background site profiles and 3 are related to the steelmaking activities. Between them,secondary nitrates, secondary sulfates and combustion profiles give the highest contributions and account for 93% of the PM_（2.5）concentration. The steelwork facilities contribute in about 2%of the total PM_（2.5）concentration and appear to be the main source of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Receptor modeling Non-negative matrix factorization Source apportionment Steelworks