检索结果-南通市图书馆

The Contribution of the Xpert^® MTB/RIF Assay to the Surveillance of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Central African Republic

引用

Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第1期11卷 23-32页

作者： Alain Farra Lydie V. Danebera gilles ngaya Brice M. Yambiyo Alexandre Manirakiza Christian D. Mossoro-Kpinde National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis Institut Pasteur of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Medical Laboratory Institute Pasteur of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Epidemiology Unit Institute Pasteur of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: The Central African Republic is one of the 30 high Tuberculosis burden countries in the world, with an incidence of 540 cases per 100,000 population and a mortality of 91 deaths per 100,000 population. Since 2020, following WHO recommendations, the National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis has been using the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay as a first-line diagnostic test for the early detection of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis. The goal of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay to the surveillance of rifampicin resistance in new and previously treated tuberculosis cases. Materials and Methods: The data relative to the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay carried out on various categories of tuberculosis patients registered at the National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis in 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The categories of tuberculosis patients were new cases, failed treatment cases, relapse cases, lost-to-follow-up cases and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis contact cases. Results: A total of 1404 tuberculosis patients were registered at the NRL-TB in 2020;the mean age was 39.2 years (2 - 90 years) and the male-to-female sex ratio was 1.16:1. Overall, 32.7% (454/1404) proved infected with tuberculosis, of which 22.5% (102/454) cases showed resistance to rifampicin. The primary resistance rate was 9.1% (27/298) and the secondary resistance rate was 46.6% (75/161). Treatment failures and relapsed cases were significantly associated with rifampicin resistance (p 0.005). Conclusion: Large-scale use of Xpert® MTB/RIF, especially in the provinces of the Central African Republic, will help the Ministry of Health to better control Drug Resistance Tuberculosis in the country.

关键词： Xpert® MTB/RIF Assay Rifampicin Surveillance CAR

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Trends of HIV Viral Load in Patients under Combined Antiretroviral Treatment in Bangui, Central African Republic

引用

World Journal of AIDS 2018年第2期8卷 53-62页

作者： Yawo Tufa Nyasenu Alain Farra Serge Ghislain Djorie Brice Martial Yambiyo Alexandre Manirakiza gilles Stephane ngaya Sandrine Moussa Pulcherie Pelembi Davy Martial Golongba Aubin Bere Rodolphe Mambely-Nzako Marie-Joelle Mandeng Alain Berlioz-Arthaud Pierre-Alain Rubbo Jean-Pierre Lombart Institut Pasteur of Bangui Medical Analysis LaboratoryBanguiCentral African Republic Institut Pasteur of Bangui Epidemiology ServiceBanguiCentral African Republic Institut Pasteur of Bangui Retrovirus ServiceBanguiCentral African Republic

Background: The success of antiretroviral therapy requires better virological monitoring. We described the virological profile of patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV/AIDS in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR). Methods: In this prospective cohort study of patients who had been on combined antiretroviral therapy treatment (cART) for at least 12 months in Bangui, only one HIV plasma viral load per patient was realized at the Institut Pasteur of Bangui, between April 4th and November 28th, 2017. Sociodemographic and biological data were collected. Blood samples were taken for viral load. The biocentric generic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load test was used to quantify a ribonucleic acid (RNA) HIV-1. Data were analyzed with Stata software version 14. Chi-squared test was used to analyse viral load according to sex and age. The level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 3569 patients were recruited, with a mean age of 40 years (median, 42 years;range, 1 - 84), patients aged 40 - 49 predominating (34.2%). The sex ratio was 0.4. No virus was detectable in plasma from 49.2% of patients, while 42.4% had virological failure (viral load, ≥1000 copies/mL) according to WHO criteria. The risk for virological failure decreased with age (P = 0.001) and was higher among females than males (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The rate of virological failure among patients on cART is very high in the CAR, despite the availability of and access to monitoring of HIV plasma viral load in Bangui. Therefore, adherence to treatment should be evaluated and reinforced in Bangui, CAR.

关键词： Plasma Viral Load Failure HIV-1 Bangui CAR

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Petrology of Spinel-Lherzolite Xenoliths from Mazéléand Others Northen Xenoliths Localities of Cameroon Volcanic Line: Exchange Reactions and Equilibrium State

引用

Open Journal of Geology 2024年第5期14卷 629-653页

作者： Nguihdama Dagwai Kamgang Pierre Mbowou Gbambié Isaac Bertrand Chazot gilles Ngounouno Ismaïla Department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Mineral Prospecting and Exploration Technologies School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon Ocean Geosciences Laboratory European University Institute of the Sea (IUEM) Brest France

The alkaline volcanism of the Cameroon Volcanic Line in its northern domain has raised many fresh enclaves of peridotites. The samples selected come from five (05) different localities (Liri, in the plateau of Kapsiki, Mazélé in the NE of Ngaoundéré, Tello and Ganguiré in the SE of Ngaoundéré and Likok, locality located in the west of Ngaoundé). The peridotite enclaves of the above localities show restricted mineralogical variation. Most are four-phase spinel-lherzolites, indicating that this is the main lithology that forms the lithospheric mantle below the shallow zone. No traces of garnet or primary plagioclase were detected, which strongly limits the depth range from which the rock fragments were sampled. The textures and the wide equilibrium temperatures (884˚C - 1115˚C) indicate also entrainment of lherzolite xenoliths from shallow depths within the lithosphere and the presence of mantle diapirism. The exchange reactions and equilibrium state established in this work make it possible to characterize the chemical composition of the upper mantle of each region and test the equilibrium state of the phases between them. Variations of major oxides and incompatible elemental concentrations in clinopyroxene indicate a primary control by partial melting. The absence of typical “metasomatic” minerals, low equilibration temperatures and enriched LREE patterns indicate that the upper mantle below septentrional crust of Cameroun underwent an event of cryptic metasomatic enrichment prior to partial melting. The distinctive chemical features, LREE enrichment, strong U, Ce and Pr, depletion relative to Ba, Nb, La, Pb, and T, fractionation of Zr and Hf and therefore ligh high Zr/Hf ratio, low La/Yb, Nb/La and Ti/Eu are all results of interaction of refractory peridotite residues with carbonatite melts.

关键词： Xenoliths Upper Mantle Northern Region Adamawa Cameroon Volcanic Line Exchange Reaction

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

从国家文化安全的视角剖析海外华人的安全形势——基于欧洲华人社群的经验数据

引用

长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第4期39卷 120-130页

作者：李武智 gilles Guiheux 巴黎西岱大学亚非美社会科学研究中心法国巴黎75013

文章参考西方学术界关于东方主义和种族主义的相关理论,结合不同职业、不同年龄的欧洲华人社群的经验数据,剖析这一群体所处的文化安全处境,探索文化安全对其经济安全、人身安全和身份认同安全的影响。研究发现,西方社会对包括中国在内... 详细信息

文章参考西方学术界关于东方主义和种族主义的相关理论,结合不同职业、不同年龄的欧洲华人社群的经验数据,剖析这一群体所处的文化安全处境,探索文化安全对其经济安全、人身安全和身份认同安全的影响。研究发现,西方社会对包括中国在内的东方主义印象与对移民群体的种族主义偏见有着紧密联系,这使得欧洲华人群体的文化安全形势复杂且脆弱。保护海外华人个体的文化安全与保卫我国整体的文化安全密不可分,海外华人所处的文化安全形势对理解我国面临的整体文化安全挑战至关重要。

关键词：文化安全东方主义文化帝国主义种族主义移民海外华人

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

引用

Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph Martin Bell Jean-Francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’Etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional *** this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed *** elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 *** were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between *** magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid *** yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples *** pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the ***,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment *** confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different f

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Budd-Chiari Syndrome Due to C Protein Deficiency: A Case Report at YaoundéGeneral Hospital (Cameroon)

引用

Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 117-124页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam gilles Gael Aghoagni Gouajio Armel Awana Tenone Danah Larry Tangie Ngek Mathurin Kowo Firmin Andoulo Ankouane Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Came-roon Department of Internal Medicine and Peadiatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buéa Buéa Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Primary Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a spontaneously fatal disease characterized by an obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract due to thrombosis or a primary disease of the venous wall. The primary form of BCS is extremely rare. This is a disease mainly affecting young adults of both sexes. Clinical manifestations are variable;they can be asymptomatic, acute, or subacute but mostly chronic. Several causes have been identified, such as myeloproliferative syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and inherited thrombotic disorders. Data on primary BCS in Sub-Saharan Africa is rare as most publications available are case reports. In these reports, the causes are unknown with poor prognosis in most cases often leading to patient death. We herein present a case report of a male patient diagnosed with a primary BCS at Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon) caused by a Protein C deficiency who presented with ascites decompensating liver cirrhosis. Treatment was based on anticoagulants, diuretics and laxatives administration. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient is alive with clinical and paraclinical improvement.

关键词： Budd-Chiari Syndrome Hepatic Veins Liver Cirrhosis Protein C Deficiency Cameroon

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Towards an enhanced interpretation of δ18O changes during the past 300 kyr over Asia

引用

National Science Review 2022年第11期9卷 63-64页

作者： gilles Ramstein Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversite Paris-Saclay

For many decades, the impact of orbital forcing on monsoon systems has been intensively studied. Rapidly, attention has been drawn to the Mid-Holocene due to the ’Green Sahara’, which was depicted, using many different proxies, as much more humid than the present-day desert. It also corresponds to enhanced Asian monsoons [1]. Climate models have been used to simulate this period.

关键词：

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Combining data envelopment analysis and Random Forest for selectingoptimal locations of solar PV plants

引用

能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第1期11卷 129-137页

作者： gilles Cattani GSEM University of Geneva Geneva1213Switzerland

Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has emerged as a potential alternative to carbon-based energies to meet theParis agreement commitment. This study investigates the effect of environmental variables on the efficiencyof solar PV panels. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to estimate efficiencies of 91 solar PV panelslocated in Australia during the time period 2010–2020. The effects of environmental variables on the estimatedefficiencies are quantified using the truncated regression model. Random forest is then used to predict efficiencyof solar PV panel in every city of Australia. The results allow to determine the most suitable location and regions for solar PV energy production in Australia. This study provides an interesting and easily interpretabletool for policy decision makers.

关键词： Solar energy Location selection Australia Data envelopment analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Associated Factors in the Garoua Central Prison, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

引用

Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期14卷 174-183页

作者： Mohamadou Abdou Galdima Adamou Dodo Balkissou Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa Winnie Tatiana Bekolo Nga gilles Aghoagni Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Ali Abas Mathurin Pierre Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Dominique Noah Noah Oudou Njoya Servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Garoua Regional Hospital Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty de Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in Cameroon. Garoua city is the headquarters of the North Region of Cameroon, where the HBV prevalence is among the highest of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg carriage and associated factors among persons incarcerated in the Garoua Central Prison. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2023 at the Garoua Central prison. We included all prisoners willing to participate in the study and who gave their verbal consent. We collected data using a pre-established data entry form and we used rapid test for blood screening for HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag) with ELISA confirmation. Data were analyzed using the R® software for Windows. After the univariate analysis, we selected associated variables to HBV infection with p-value p-value was set at 5%. Results: We included 1389 prisoners out of which 97.6% were male. The median age (IQR) of the study population was 28 (23 - 35) years. The median (IQR) duration of incarceration was 12 (6 - 26) months and the mean (±sd) number of incarcerations was 1.24 (±0.6). HBV prevalence was estimated at 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0 - 16.7). Upon uni- and multivariate analysis, no risk factor was significantly associated with viral hepatitis B infection in our study population. Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B was high in the Garoua Central Prison, but there were no additional risk factors for HBV infection. There is a need to include the Garoua Central Prison and by the way other prisons in the country in the chronic viral hepatitis care program.

关键词： Hepatitis B Prison Associated factors Cameroon

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pure forsterite in Nyiragongo lavas: evidence for subsolidus oxidation of volcanic rocks

引用

Acta Geochimica 2022年第1期41卷 12-23页

作者： Innocent Badriyo Agama gilles Chazot Pierre Kamgang Departement Des Sciences de la Terre Faculte Des SciencesUniversitede YaoundeIB.P.812YaoundeCameroon Laboratoire Geosciences Ocean Institut Universitaire Europe´en de la MerUniversitede Brest(UBO)UMR 6538Place Copernic29280 PlouzaneFrance Observatoire Volcanologique de Goma B.P.484GomaNord-KivuDemocratic Republic of the Congo

Some volcanic rocks from Nyiragongo volcano in the Democratic Republic of Congo contain highly oxidized olivine *** olivines crystals are made of two phases,dark olivine on backscattered electron images of pure forsterite composition and grey Mg-poor areas made of olivine and iron-rich *** of the initial composition confirms that they are primary olivine with late separation of two different olivine *** forsterite is enriched in SiO_(2) but contains lower amounts of CaO than Fe-rich areas,in agreement with expected partitioning of these elements related to the composition of the ***-rich oxides formed around or inside the olivine crystals during the separation process and confirm a highly oxidized environment during their *** propose that this separation occurred during subsolidus recrystallization under high fO_(2) conditions of the olivine crystals after cooling of the volcanic *** provides evidences for circulation of iron-rich fluids or gas inducing deuteritic processes occurring in the large volcanic cone of the Nyiragongo,in relation with the presence of a shallow magma chamber connected to a large and permanent lava lake.

关键词： Nyiragongo Olivine Forsterite Oxidation

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：