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Protein Quality of Amaranth Grains Cultivated in Ethiopia as Affected by Popping and Fermentation

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 38-48页

作者： Endale Amare Claire Mouquet-Rivier Adrien Servent gilles morel Abdulaziz Adish Gulelat Desse Haki Wolaita Sodo University Wolaita Sodo Ethiopia Center for Food Science and Nutrition Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia IRD UMR 204 “Prévention des Malnutritions et des Pathologies Associées” (Nutripass) IRD/Montpellier 2/Montpellier 1 Montpellier France CIRAD Département Persyst UMR Qualisud Montpellier France Micronutrient Initiative Addis Ababa Ethiopia

The effect of popping and fermentation on protein quality of three different varieties of amaranth grains cultivated in Ethiopia was evaluated. Total lysine content of the grains was higher than that of commonly available cereals but close to that of legumes. Methionine and cysteine contents in the grains were also higher than that found in cereal and legume proteins. Percentage of total indispensable amino acids, excluding tryptophan, was 43% - 49%, which was higher than WHO reference pattern (31%). Popping resulted in 36% and 37% reduction in total lysine and cysteine contents, respectively, whereas fermentation reduced cysteine, lysine and methionine contents by 16%, 20% and 20%, respectively. From the free amino acids, histidine was the major indispensable amino acid but threonine was not detected. During popping, all free amino acids, except threonine, were reduced. On the other hand, fermentation significantly increased (p < 0.01) most amino acids except arginine, which was significantly decreased (p < 0.01), and tyrosine and glutamic acid, for which no change was observed. Popping decreased in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) by 8.3% - 17.1% while fermentation increased IVPD by 4.8% - 7.5%. Substitution of amaranth for wheat and/or maize during complementary food formulation could contribute much to the daily requirements of indispensable amino acids of young children.

关键词： Amaranth Grain Indispensable Amino Acids Popping Fermentation Protein Digestibility Complementary Food

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Management of hepatocellular adenoma: Solitary-uncomplicated, multiple and ruptured tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第36期11卷 5691-5695页

作者： Christian Toso Pietro Majno Axel Andres Laura Rubbia-Brandt Thierry Berney Leo Buhler Philippe morel gilles Mentha Abdominal and Transplant Surgery University Hospital Geneva Switzerland Clinical Pathology University Hospital Geneva Switzerland

AIM： While hepatocellular adenomas （HAs） have often been studied as a unique entity, we aimed to better define current management of the various forms of HAs. METHODS： Twenty-five consecutive patients operated for solitary-uncomplicated （9）, multiple （6）, and ruptured （10） HAs were reviewed according to management strategies and outcomes. RESULTS： All solitary-uncomplicated HAs （ranged 2.2- 14 cm in size） were removed. Out of 25 HAs, 2 （8%） included loci of carcinoma. In the multiple HA group, previously undiagnosed tumors were identified during surgery in 5/6 cases. In three cases with multiple spread HA, several lesions had to be left unresected. They remained unmodified after 4-, 6-, and 6-year radiological follow-up. Patients with ruptured HA （ranged 1.7-10 cm in size） were initially managed with hemodynamic support and angiography, allowing the embolizaUon of actively bleeding tumors in two patients. All ruptured tumors were subsequently removed 5.5 d （range 4-70 d） after admission. CONCLUSION： Tumors suspected of HA, regardless of the size, should be resected, because of high chances of rupture causing bleeding, and/or containing malignant foci. Although it is desirable to remove all lesions of multiple HA, this may not be possible in some patients, for whom long-term radiological follow-up is advised. Ruptured HA can be managed by hemodynamic support and angiography, allowing scheduled surgery. 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Liver Adenoma Management Surgery

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Visualization of Activated BAT in Mice,with FDG-PET and Its Relation to UCP1

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2013年第3期3卷 19-22页

作者： Christian Jeanguillaume gilles Metrard Daniel Ricquier Pierre Legras Francis Bouchet Franck Lacoeuille Francois Hindre Olivier morel Herve Rakotonirina Service de Medecine Nucleaire CHU d’AngersAngersFrance LISA ISTIA Universite d’AngersAngersFrance Service de Medecine Nucleaire CHR d’OrleansOrleansFrance Universite Paris Descartes Institut CochinParisFrance Service Commun d’Animalerie Hospitalo Universitaire(SCAHU)AngersFrance Unite Inserm U646 AngersFrance Service de Médecine Nucléaire ICOPaul PapinAngersFrance

The visualization of symmetric structure by [18F]-FluoroDeoxyGlucose-Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET), corresponding to adipose density in computed tomography (CT), has led to the idea that Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) could be present in adult human. This article studies the FDG uptake in a mice model deficient on Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1), in a simple thermal activation protocol. Methods: FDG were injected in mice, control and knock out (K.O.) for the UCP1. Before imaging mice were placed either in cold or warm environment. BAT uptake was evaluated by ratio named RISC. Results: In warm condition, mean value of the Ratio of Inter-Scapular uptake (RISC) was 1.34 +/﹣ 0.27. After cold exposure, RISC increased 2 fold for control mice, male K.O. did not increase their RISC, female K.O. increased their RISC up to 2.45. Conclusion: Our study brought a further confirmation that FDG-PET visualised activated Brown Adipose Tissue. It gives a direct proof of the role of UCP1 in this process. The FDG uptake by cold female K.O. mice was unexpected.

关键词： FDG PET Brown Adipose Tissue Uncoupling Protein 1 Mice

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